scholarly journals On the problems and ways of solving the problem of renewing the agricultural machinery park in the agricultural sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00045
Author(s):  
Igor Pigorev ◽  
Danil Zyukin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Short Time

The problem of updating the fleet of agricultural machinery and introducing technologies into agricultural production is acute. In the current foreign policy and economic conditions, the issue of ensuring food security has become extremely important, in connection with which there is an urgent need to increase the efficiency of agricultural production in a short time. In such a situation, the most effective way is to intensify production, and in this process, machinery and equipment play a primary role. The study found that in the Russian Federation in the period 2015-2020. There was a reduction in the fleet of agricultural machinery, which caused an increase in the load on the existing fleet of tractors and combine harvesters. The rates of renewal of agricultural machinery concerning tractors and combine harvesters have decreased, which, together with other conditions, negatively characterizes the situation with the renewal of the fleet of machinery in agricultural production. In the context of ensuring the implementation of the policy of import substitution and ensuring food security, the state should provide greater support to agricultural producers when updating the fleet of equipment, since in the context of the weakening of the ruble, the deterioration of the national economic system, the falling purchasing power of the population and other factors, agricultural producers will not be able to independently master additional the financial burden, and the renewal of the material and technical base, especially when it comes to the supply of imported equipment, is an expensive issue.

scholarly journals DIGITALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING COMPETITIVENESS OF NATIONAL AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Aigul Aldungarovna Aitpaeva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
System Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Country Formation

The article focuses on the importance of digitization of agriculture for rising the competitiveness of the domestic agro-industrial complex (AIC). In order to obtain an objective picture of APC nowadays, there have been analyzed the supplies of the staples in the Russian Federation and revealed the problems with producing milk, beef, fruit and vegetables of sheltered ground. It is stated that today Russia is actively implementing import substitution strategies in the sectors of the national economy including the agricultural sector. The main purpose of functioning of the national AIC has been determined as ensuring the parameters of food security for the population of Russia. There are considered the burning issues on achieving food self-sufficiency, the solution of which lies in increasing the competitiveness of the national AIC. The emphasis is placed on the need to transfer agricultural production to the ecological and economic principles of management and the rational distribution of using all types of resources. It has been recommended to assess the soil-climatic and economic potential of the territory in order to identify the priorities of food self-sufficiency for basic types of food in all regions of the country. Formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for creating competitive advantages of AIC helps to develop agricultural production on the innovative basis and to ensure the long-lasting food security at the federal level. The factors increasing AIC competitiveness are: economic soil fertility, usable agricultural areas, optimization of the structure of sown areas, system development of fodder production and animal husbandry, digitization of agriculture, etc. There have been analyzed the problems of insufficient digital prevalence in agriculture; the role of digitalization in achieving the parameters of food security is substantiated. The study results can be used to improve the mechanism of ensuring food security for the population of Russia.

scholarly journals The Market of Energy Capacities: Development and Recent Economic Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12749-12750
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Substitution Policy

The main objective of the study was to assess the market of energy capacities for the development of crop production in Russia. As a result of the study, the dynamics of updating the fleet of agricultural machinery is assessed. Based on a detailed analysis of the intensity of production of energy carriers for crop production in Russia, as well as mechanisms of state support for agricultural engineering, recommendations are given on the formation of import substitution conditions in the markets of self-propelled vehicles in the country. We concluded that the production of crop production, due to its technological specificity, is energy-intensive, from the point of view of the need to provide energy capacities. Self-propelled machinery (self-propelled harvesting equipment - combines, tractors of various draft classes, and other self-propelled machinery for technological operations) form energy capacities in crop production. Based on the analysis, the article shows the availability of energy capacities of agricultural producers, the share of imported equipment as an element affecting food security, offers on the development of the agricultural machinery market in the context of the implementation of the import substitution policy

scholarly journals Substantiation of Priority Areas to Ensure Food Security in the Russian Federation: A System-Cognitive Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1806-1812
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ivanovich Gayduk
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Consulting Services

Currently, the Russian population's need for vegetables is satisfied due to domestic production only by 87percent (at a rate of at least 90percent), fruits and berries – by 40percent (at a rate of at least 60percent), and milk – by 84percent (at a rate of at least 90percent). The present work clarifies the defining role of agricultural production taking into account the calculated indicators of food security. The analysis of the population’s provision with basic foodstuffs has led to the need to strengthen the competitiveness of Russian agricultural producers. The article predicts managerial decisions that would allow improving the performance efficiency of economic entities on the example of the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Territory. The article presents an automated system-cognitive analysis of the effect of various factors on the efficiency of agricultural organizations. The degree and areas of the influence of various factors were assessed using SWOT analysis based on empirical data, namely, financial and economic indicators of agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar Territory. The results of the automated system-cognitive analysis confirmed that subsidies for reimbursement of part of the costs of purchasing agricultural machinery and equipment, as well as subsidies aimed at increasing the productivity of farm animals have a significant impact on profits in the production of livestock products. The problem of modernization of agricultural production is associated with the problem of information and consulting services of agribusiness. The article substantiates the necessity of preparing a spiral scheme of the food security model, as well as emphasizes the importance of establishing and developing various service-providing consulting centers.

THE ROLE OF THE MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL BASIS OF AGRICULTURE IN THE PROVISION OF FOOD SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
G. G. KARPENKO ◽  
◽  
V.V. SHEVTSOV ◽  
A. B. YARLYKAPOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Technical Basis

The article summarizes the theoretical, methodological and practical provisions on the formation and use of material and technical resources in agriculture of Russia; a study of the state and development trends of the park of agricultural machinery. The role and importance of modernization of the agricultural sector in the context of ensuring food security, import substitution and growth of labor productivity are determined. Identified the problems of equipping the material and technical resources of the agricultural sector and factors affecting its formation and use. The directions of the effective functioning of agricultural machinery are generalized and recommendations are developed for solving the identified problems, which contribute to substantially replenishing the material and technical base to ensure increased labor productivity in the agricultural business and food security of the country.

Material and technical support of agricultural production: state and prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Minakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Means Of Production

The article considers the availability of agricultural organizations with material resources and technical means and also factors affecting the formation of the material and technical base, such as the level of development of industries that produce means of production, the solvency of the agricultural sector, prices, import and export of material and technical resources, state support. In the production of some types of products, the role of imported material and technical resources is great. The share of imported seeds and hybrids of sugar beet is 98%, sunflower – 56%, spring rapeseed – 69%, vegetable crops – more than 50%, corn – 49%, potatoes – 80%, crosses in the production of broilers – 95%, agricultural machinery – more than 40%. The proposals for import substitution in the market of material and technical resources and the development of agricultural machinery are justified.

CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TARGET PROGRAMS IN SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF TECHNICAL RE-EQUIPMENT OF AGRICULTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
ANTON A. GONCHAROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Means Of Production

Over the years of results-based management, the agricultural sector of Russia has enhanced a signifi cant increase in production volumes. Special results have been achieved in crop production, primarily in the production of grain crops. This was urgent in terms of meeting the needs of the domestic market and increasing the volume of supplies to foreign markets. Despite a number of positive results achieved in agriculture through the implementation of targeted programs, especially during the period of counter-Russian sanctions and the ongoing policy of import substitution, the problem of providing the industry with means of production has not been fully solved. This hinders the implementation of Russia’s export capacity. To further increase the volume of agricultural production, the technical re-equipment of the industry is required, which will increase the effi ciency of production. To this end, it is necessary to critically evaluate the implementation of targeted programs used to solve the problem of technical re-equipment. This indicates the relevance of the research topic. The study was conducted on the basis of a systematic approach (monographic, economic and statistical methods, the method of deduction) with the use of relevant materials of offi cial statistics. During the implementation of targeted programs, the pace of technical re-equipment of agriculture was extremely low, accompanied by a considerable share of obsolete imported agricultural machinery, tractors and combine harvesters, and decresing energy supply of the industry. Insuffi cient provision of agriculture with means of production constrains the growth rate of labor productivity. The targets set in the State Program for the renewal of agricultural machinery are low and have been exceeded for several previous years, and they do not indicate a high rate of technical re-equipment of agriculture. The study results serve as a basis for adjusting the current mechanism of results-based management of agricultural development.

Major factors, influencing on the engineering service of the russian agro-industrial complex

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
V. I. Ignatov ◽  
V. S. Gerasimov ◽  
D. V. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range

To date, scientists have formulated the structure of the agro-industrial complex (APC) of Russia, which is adhered to by most researchers. This structure is interpreted as a model of four spheres. The fi rst is a collection of industries specializing in agricultural production. This also includes construction in the agricultural sector and its logistics. The second area is agricultural production itself, and the third is the industries associated with the storage, sale, processing, etc. The Russian APC also includes activities that have not entered any of the spheres. This is, for example, special agricultural science, management, training, etc. Determining the trend of the development of the engineering and technical system of the Russian APC, both in the pre-perestroika period, and at present, considering the domestic and foreign experience. Agricultural machinery is the locomotive of the agricultural sector, the improvement of which determines the structure of agricultural producers. Its constant development and application for agricultural work ultimately determines not only the technology of agricultural work, but also the social way of the rural population. It was the improvement of agricultural machinery that served to stratify the social situation of the peasantry, which was originally the owners of small plots of land. In recent years, the main direction of the development of technology is to increase its capacity and productivity, in the calculation of processing large areas, which does not always coincide with the needs of farmers. Despite the progress, a large part of agricultural producers works in very limited areas, which often aff ects the priority demand for the equipment of the previous generation. As a result of the research, the following basic principles of the key areas of the Agricultural Sector can be formulated: agriculture is an economic sector aimed at providing food (food, raw materials) and is a donor for other sectors of the economy, a source of replenishment of national income for solving the urgent problems of the country. At present, the eff ectiveness of Russia’s APC is signifi cantly lower than in the leading countries and it is important not only to analyze the existing problems, but also to consider options for changing the current situation; the main engine of agricultural development is agricultural machinery, which forms the potential of agricultural production. This capacity depends on the level of technical support for the industry with machines and equipment for agricultural work of a wide range. Consideration and analysis of the possibility of raising this level considering the national specifi cs of Russia and international experience of industrial development, including agricultural engineering, is also a very important task (Conclusions) according to the authors, TST is an integral and important element of agricultural engineering, and, therefore, the core element of the Agricultural Sector. Analysis of this element, considering past experience, as well as new domestic and foreign developments, will justify the direction of modernization of the TST taking into account the national mentality.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND AGRICULTURAL PROCESSING IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kushnir ◽  
Serhii Zasoba
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

The objective of the article is to study the possibilities of agricultural production and agricultural processing and search for the prospects of development of the industry of Ukraine. Methodology. The following analyses are carried out: profitability and cost-effectiveness (rate of return) of the agricultural products, the level of consumption of basic food products in Ukraine, availability of agricultural machinery at agricultural enterprises, the structure and growth rate of purchase of agricultural machinery at agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. Results. It is proved that a low level of profitability in the agricultural sector is a significant violation of price parity – there is a deterioration in the ratio of the prices of agriculture producers for sold products, and prices for acquired industrial goods, and for the services of commercial and technical purpose, i.e. there is a situation of non-conformity of revenues and costs of agricultural production. It should be noted that the level of the development of the agricultural complex, first of all, is determined by the quality and volume of food consumed by the population. Practical implications. During the country's independence, the profitability of production of all major products has decreased significantly and negative trends are observed. Comparing the data of 2019 with 1990, we can see that part of the profitable production has transferred to the unprofitable. The analysis of the dynamics of consumption of major food groups over the past two decades shows that for the period from 2000 to 2014 there was an increase in consumption of milk and dairy products by 12%; meat and meat products by 65%; eggs by 86.7%; potatoes by 4%, vegetables and melons by 60.5%; fruits, berries and grapes by 78.5%; fish and fish products by 32.1%; oils by 39.4%. During this period, there was a decrease in the positions of bread and bread products by 13% and sugar by 1.4%. Value/originality. The low intensity of the agricultural sector of Ukraine is largely due to the neglect of the requirements of agricultural machinery and production technology. It is important to apply the required amount of mineral fertilizers, which is one of the important technological requirements for growing crops. Therefore, the effective development of this industry requires a modern, effective and scientifically sound financing program by attracting investment and soft loans.

scholarly journals The Current State of the Agricultural Sector in the Context of Food Security in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Karina Utenkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Security Index ◽  
Global Food

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problems of agricultural development as a basis for ensuring food security in Ukraine. Food security is one of the important components of economic security, which creates a basis for further progress and development of the state. Achieving food security is one of the Global Goals for Sustainable Development by 2030, set by the UN to member countries at the Summit on Sustainable Development. The purpose of the article is to reveal the problems and prospects for the development of the agricultural sector in the context of ensuring food security in Ukraine. Results. It has been determined that the contribution of agricultural production to the GDP in Ukraine is quite significant. According to the results of 2018, 89% of agricultural enterprises have received a profit. The consumption of main types of food products by the population of Ukraine is less than the scientifically substantiated norms, namely: the actual consumption of meat is 64% of the norm; milk and dairy products – 52%; eggs – 94.8%; fish – 59%; fruits, berries and grapes – 53%. At the same time, there is a steady increase in the share of agricultural products in the structure of exports (in 2019 – 44.2%). According to the Global Food Security Index, Ukraine does not have the best positions and yields not only to all European countries, but also to those countries to which it exports food. Conclusions. Ukraine occupies the 76th out of 112 positions in the 2019 Global Food Security Index. Problems that pose potential threats to food security are acute, particularly, the lack of balance in the diet of Ukrainians. Due to the products of animal origin, the caloric value of the diet is provided only by 28% at the optimal level of 55%. The share of the population’s expenditures on food products is unacceptably high: more than half of the total aggregate expenditures, which is higher than the similar indicators of the EU countries by 3-5 times. The increase in agricultural production should take place in compliance with environmental norms and international food quality standards.

Climate variability, vulnerability and effectiveness of farm-level adaptation options: the challenges and implications for food security in Southwestern Cameroon

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest L. Molua
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
The Impact

The risks associated with increasing climate variability pose technological and economic challenges to societies which are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. In Southwestern Cameroon the natural variability of rainfall and temperatures contribute to variability in agricultural production and food insecurity. This paper explores the impact of climate variability in Southwestern Cameroon on food availability. It examines farm household's vulnerability to food availability relating to climate, and reviews the interplay of climate, agriculture, and prospects for food security in the region. An econometric function directly relates farm income and precipitation, in order to statistically estimate the significance of farm-level adaptation methods. The results reveal that precipitation during growing and adaptation methods through changes in soil tillage and crop rotation practices have significant effects on farm returns. An essential precondition for food security and overall agricultural development in Southwestern Cameroon is a dynamic agricultural sector brought about both by steady increase in agricultural production and by greater efforts in farmer support, to enable farm households to take advantage of the opportunities and to minimize the negative impacts of climate variation on agriculture.

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