scholarly journals NATURAL PHILOSOPHY IN PERSONALITY’S WORLDVIEW

Author(s):  
Halyna Berehova

The article claims that the assimilation of knowledge from the natural philosophy should help future professionals to form worldviews in the range of "man - nature", namely: to grasp the integrity of nature and its fundamentality rationally, to comprehend nature as a general, limiting concept that explains the scheme of understanding individual things; as a regulatory idea that allows us to understand all things and all objects in their unity and in different forms, to build a rational scientific picture of the world, by filling in the data of natural science and discovering the internal principles of interconnection and determination of things, to reveal different levels of nature as a whole – from inorganic nature to life in general and human life in particular. It is a fragment of a pragmatist-instrumentalist philosophicaleducational system, which consists in effective purposeful influence on the individual through a specific tool - philosophical knowledge. Here, natural philosophy becomes an instrument of intellectual discourse of the individual, and its study is a pragma (action) on the way to forming the world outlook of the individual and the universal picture of the world. It is the natural and philosophical knowledge that shapes the worldviews of the new (modern) personality, helping to understand the totality of the objective conditions of humanity's existence and to define its survival as a pressing problem of the present.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Marta Kosowska-Ślusarczyk

It’s fair to say that all human life is based on communication; passive and active, verbal and nonverbal. No matter which media type you consider, the importance of the so-called first impression cannot be overstated. Currently, as the world becomes more open and accessible, the individual character of the way we create our look takes a different form, but still remains an important messenger. In my thesis, I would like to present the outfit as a carrier of vital information about people. In parallel, I will analyze the clothing itself, researching both historic and contemporary sources. Finally, I attempt to decipher the language of fashion.


2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1696) ◽  
pp. 20150166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Pyne

For most of human history, fire has been a pervasive presence in human life, and so also in human thought. This essay examines the ways in which fire has functioned intellectually in Western civilization as mythology, as religion, as natural philosophy and as modern science. The great phase change occurred with the development of industrial combustion; fire faded from quotidian life, which also removed it from the world of informing ideas. Beginning with the discovery of oxygen, fire as an organizing concept fragmented into various subdisciplines of natural science and forestry. The Anthropocene, however, may revive the intellectual role of fire as an informing idea or at least a narrative conceit. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The interaction of fire and mankind’.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Oscar Lontoh

        This research trying to see the phenomenon of secularization that is dominating the world. Some people argue that secularization is  dangerous for the Christian faith while some say that it is just the opposite that secularization is necessary. What is developing now is that secularization becomes a movement in personal thought. Some experts distinguish between secularization and secularism. Secularism is a kind of ideology that remove everything supernatural defining ones life. Secularism refers to the fact that religion has lost influence on the societal, the institutional and the individual levels.  Preaching is a main part of church to educate the congregation about God, what His will and also supernatural being. Expository preaching is the method of teaching scripture. There are many other ways to preach a sermon that are beneficial to a congregation. However, that these other forms of preaching should never replace expository preaching in the life of the church. Solid expository preaching brings scripture to life. It connects the meaning of the passage to the life of the hearer, helping them to apply what they’ve heard to their specific life situations. This is the way to maintain people from leaving God and supernatural being in modern human life.


1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Ольга Віговська

У статті теоретично обґрунтовано феномен конструктивного самозбереження особистості як ознаки самоактуалізації, розкриття власного потенціалу і побудови перспективи розвитку особистості та емпірично виявлено ознаки психологічної детермінації домінуючого інстинкту у конструктивній самореалізації жінок з різним соціальним статусом. Зазначено, що проблема самозбереження асоціюється з особливостями прояву інстинкту самозбереження людини, але потреби вищого порядку зумовлюють соціальну природу її поведінки, яка локалізована у найвищій точці самореалізації. Теоретично обгрунтовано, що самореалізація визначає тенденцію раціональної організації життя людини та проявляється у її почутті задоволеністю життям. З’ясовано, що психологічну основу конструктивного самозбереження становлять індивідуально-типологічні характеристики людини, які відображають психофізіологічні та психосоціальні резерви самореалізації особистості. Розроблена програма емпіричного дослідження, а також комплекс використаних методів математичної обробки результатів дослідження дає змогу конкретизувати психологічний зміст детермінації домінуючого інстинкту у конструктивній самореалізації жінок вікового діапазону 35-45 років та з різним соціальним статусом. У жінок, які виховують проблемну (хвору) дитину, домінує інстинкт "егофільного типу", що виражається у їх надмірному егоцентризмі і супроводжується низькими показниками самоактуалізації, на відміну від досліджуваних жінок, які виховують здорових дітей і у яких на фоні вираженої тенденції до самоактуалізації домінує базовий інстинкт "дослідницького типу" та "лібертофільного типу". This article theoretically proves constructive phenomenon of self identity as signs of self-disclosure own potential and prospects of development of individual construction. In addition, it empirically showes signs of psychological determination of the dominant instinct in a constructive self-determination of women with different social statuses. It was noted that the issue of self-preservation is associated with the peculiarities of manifestation of self-preservation instinct of man, but it needs higher-order cause social nature of the behavior that is localized at the highest point of self-realization. It theorized that self-realization determines the trend of rational organization of human life and manifests itself in its sense of life satisfaction. It was found that the psychological basis of constructive self-preservation of the individual make individually-typological characteristics of a person that reflect physiological and psychosocial reserves of self-realization. The developed program of empirical research, as well as the methods used complex mathematical processing of results of research allows to specify the content of the psychological determination of the dominant instinct of constructive self-realization а women age range of 35-45 years and with different social status. Women who bring up the problem child dominates the instinct of self-preservation, which is reflected in their excessive self-centeredness, and is accompanied by low levels of self-actualization, as opposed to the study of women who are raising healthy children and that against the backdrop of a pronounced tendency to self-actualization, dominated by basic instinct "research type" and "independent type."


2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Klofft

[In the writings of Orthodox theologian Paul Evdokimov (1901–1970), Western theology can find new resources regarding the relationship between gender and moral development. The author presents Evdokimov's unique theological anthropology in the context of both the complicated question of gender, as well as the effects that gender has on the way women and men act. While the goal of the Christian life for both is the transformation of the individual through asceticism, the role each plays in the salvation of the world differs markedly.]


2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Jolanta Brzykcy

The article is an analysis of the poetry of Gisella Lachman (1895–1969), poet of the “first wave” of Russian emigration, from the perspective of the poetics of space. The poet expressed her emigration experience (multiple changes of residence: Russia, Germany, Switzerland, USA) in her poems in spatial relations. They appear on different levels of the works’ morphology: in the construction of the lyrical “I”, in the organisation of the presented world, in the repertoire of motifs and the selection of poetic lexis and genre forms. Space plays a literal role in Lachman’s poetry; it is a representation of extra-literary reality, seen subjectively. It is also subject to metaphorisation, becoming a tool for expressing philosophical content. The poet creates not only a spatial model of the world, but also a spatial model of human life, which she perceives as a transit on the road to eternity.


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
A Vafeev Ravil ◽  
V Filimonova Natalia

The article is an analysis of the characteristics and constraints to the integration of the Yugra state university into the world educational space on the way to formation of the national model of multilevel continuous education that meets the needs of the individual and society. The article considers the main directions of the interuniversity educational cooperation and describes the possibility of introducing a system of motivational measures for their full and meaningful implementation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Elodie Cassan ◽  

Dan Garber’s paper provides materials permitting to reply to an objection frequently made to the idea that the Novum Organum is a book of logic, as the allusion to Aristotle’s Organon included in the very title of this book shows it is. How can Bacon actually build a logic, considering his repeated claims that he desires to base natural philosophy directly on observation and experiment? Garber shows that in the Novum Organum access to experience is always mediated by particular questions and settings. If there is no direct access to observation and experience, then there is no point in equating Bacon’s focus on experience in the Novum Organum with a rejection of discursive issues. On the contrary, these are two sides of the same coin. Bacon’s articulation of rules for the building of scientific reasoning in connection with the way the world is, illustrates his massive concern with the relation between reality, thinking and language. This concern is essential in the field of logic as it is constructed in the Early Modern period.


Author(s):  
Nataliia Nechaieva-Yuriichuk

he emergence of new information technologies has changed the course of human life – both modernizing and speeding its pace. A remarkable feature of the current socio-political situation is, in our opinion, is the (de) humanization of social communication. It is a question of actual change of a communication paradigm on horizontal and vertical levels. Virtualization as the basis of modern professional and personal life acquires more perfect forms. At the same time, according to the author, it is causing the destruction of the individual as such. The XXI century entered into the history of world civilization as an era of post-truth: in 2016, the Oxford Dictionary chose the term «post-truth» as the word of the year. In the last year of the second decade of the XXI century, Covid-19 became a top news not only in the field of health care, but also in other spheres of life of the world community, including the political sphere. The Covid-19 pandemic has become an instrument of informational influence, which in the post-truth era is one of the most effective in the context of transforming the individual and the mass consciousness in a «convenient» or «necessary» direction for a particular political actor. Since the beginning of the pandemic, disinformation about the origin of the coronavirus, ways of its spread, prevention measures, etc. has been actively spread. In addition, we observe purposeful activities to form an atmosphere of fear and panic among the masses; and in each region certain cases and features of the mentality are taken into account. Among the nations of the world, the United Kingdom has linked social activism to misinformation spread and the activity of various bots and trolls on networks. In March 2020, the UK government set up a special anti-disinformation unit. Dissemination of misinformation about the coronavirus is, in our opinion, one of the important tools to influence the world community in the context of changing worldviews and visions of national, regional and global development prospects. And a clear understanding of the purpose of these actions is a key for developing adequate mechanisms for protection against information violence, which in the post-truth era turns us into hostages to information flows.


Author(s):  
Helmuth Plessner ◽  
J. M. Bernstein

“Centric positionality” is a form of organism-environment relation exhibited by animal forms of life. Human life is characterized not only by centric but also by excentric positionality—that is, the ability to take a position beyond the boundary of one’s own body. Excentric positionality is manifest in: the inner, psychological experience of human beings; the outer, physical being of their bodies and behavior; and the shared, intersubjective world that includes other human beings and is the basis of culture. In each of these three worlds, there is a duality symptomatic of excentric positionality. Three laws characterize excentric positionality: natural artificiality, or the natural need of humans for artificial supplements; mediated immediacy, or the way that contact with the world in human activity, experience, and expression is both transcendent and immanent, both putting humans directly in touch with things and keeping them at a distance; and the utopian standpoint, according to which humans can always take a critical or “negative” position regarding the contents of their experience or their life.


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