THE PRODUCTION AND USE OF ENERGY FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES IN RURAL AREAS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 2-15
Author(s):  
Andrey Gennadievich Paptsov ◽  
Zhanna Evgenievna Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Foreign Countries

scholarly journals City Centric Migration and Security Concern in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Rajendra Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push And Pull Factors ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
Security Concern

This article tends to focus on the trend of internal migration and its security concern in Nepal. There are different social and security concerns of migration which are not taken seriously. The repercussion might be in different fields and effects can be seen after short or long epoch. Migration and its linkage with the security are varied. It is the subject of interest for people who want to develop and make their birth land, village or cities prosperous. Current tendency of migration in Nepal indicates that the extensive outmigration of people to foreign countries is either for job or to study. Effects on migrants and communities they leave, rural to urban migration, differ according to the type of migrants, the volume of migration, and the nature of the places involved. The volume is increasing in recent days that people are migrating from rural to urban part of country even in district level. Migrants leaving rural areas are not generally replaced by other migrants. This loss of population in the rural areas and their potential contributions affects the dependency ratio, rates of unemployment and underemployment, levels of human capital, and potential for innovation. This article examines the pattern of migration and also it tries to explore the push and pull factors of migration. The security concerns of migrationऽ which involves different forms like human security, physical security, environmental security etc are analyzed in this article.

scholarly journals A Net-Zero Energy System Solution for Russian Rural Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 01013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pio Lombardi ◽  
Bartlomiej Arendarski ◽  
Konstantin Suslov ◽  
Natalia Shamarova ◽  
Polina Sokolnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Consumer Participation ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Net Zero Energy ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
System Solution ◽  
Flexibility Options

The COP 21 agreement state that the reduction of CO2 emissions will limit the rise of global temperatures and thus the impacts of global warming. Since the energy sector is one of the biggest CO2 emitters, greening it is one of the actions selected to achieve COP 21 targets. Increased generation from renewable sources, however, should entail an increase of flexibility options for integrating renewable energy in the system. The volatility of renewable sources such as wind and sun requires flexible storage units, energy conversion and management techniques as well as active consumer participation to ensure the power system is balanced. In multi-energy systems, the electricity generated by renewables is converted into other energy forms such heat or gas. Rural areas result to be attractive test bench in which multi-energy system could be developed. The objective of this study is to analyze the potential for the development of multi-energy systems in remote Russian communities.

PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEASANT FARMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Elvira G. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Social

The article considers the trends taking place in modern conditions in the agrarian sphere – peasant farms. Concepts and definitions characterizing the essence of functioning new agrarian forms of economy are analyzed. The place and role of the state and farming as equal partners in the social arrangement of rural areas and in the preservation of the traditional way of life in the countryside is emphasized. The author considers some of the concepts and definitions to be generally accepted, the other ones are of a search and research nature, which gives the article originality. Contradictions and problems impeding the development of new agrarian forms of economy are revealed. The relevance of the theme consists in the need to develop family farms as a priority form of individual entrepreneurship and as an important source of sustainable growth in food production. The long-term domestic experience of development of peasant farms and private holdings using achievements in foreign countries is studied and on this basis, practical recommendations on accelerated development of individual forms of agricultural production are offered. In general, the agricultural economy should be diversified in order to provide social protection, the opportunity to generate employment and increase the profitability of farmers.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of an Indicator System for Assessing the Sustainability of the Bioeconomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Egenolf ◽  
Stefan Bringezu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
National Level ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Intersection Area ◽  
Global Impacts ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

The increased use of biogenic resources is linked to expectations of “green” economic growth, innovation spurts through biotechnology, development options for rural areas, and an increasingly regenerative resource base that is also climate-neutral. However, for several years the signs for unintentional and unwanted side effects have been increasing. In 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was published at the international level in order to address this problem and deliver a starting point for a comprehensive sustainability criteria evaluation catalogue. Impact indicators to quantify the environmental burden induced by national activities in foreign countries are especially lacking. In this article a comprehensive framework for the evaluation of the sustainability of the bioeconomy, considering key objectives and relevant criteria for environmental, economic, and social sustainability is developed. A special focus is set to the intersection area of the three pillars of sustainability, where the particularly important integrative key objectives and the indicators assigned to them (e.g., resource footprints) apply. This indicator set can be used as a basis for bio-economy monitoring, which uses and produces differently aggregated information on different levels of action, with a focus at the national level but also including global impacts of domestic production and consumption.

scholarly journals A sliding-neural network control of induction-motor-pump supplied by photovoltaic generator

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hichem Hamdi ◽  
Chiheb Ben Regaya ◽  
Abderrahmen Zaafouri
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Power Point

AbstractEnergy production from renewable sources offers an efficient alternative non-polluting and sustainable solution. Among renewable energies, solar energy represents the most important source, the most efficient and the least expensive compared to other renewable sources. Electric power generation systems from the sun’s energy typically characterized by their low efficiency. However, it is known that photovoltaic pumping systems are the most economical solution especially in rural areas. This work deals with the modeling and the vector control of a solar photovoltaic (PV) pumping system. The main objective of this study is to improve optimization techniques that maximize the overall efficiency of the pumping system. In order to optimize their energy efficiency whatever, the weather conditions, we inserted between the inverter and the photovoltaic generator (GPV) a maximum power point adapter known as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). Among the various MPPT techniques presented in the literature, we adopted the adaptive neuro-fuzzy controller (ANFIS). In addition, the performance of the sliding vector control associated with the neural network was developed and evaluated. Finally, simulation work under Matlab / Simulink was achieved to examine the performance of a photovoltaic conversion chain intended for pumping and to verify the effectiveness of the speed control under various instructions applied to the system. According to the study, we have done on the improvement of sliding mode control with neural network. Note that the sliding-neuron control provides better results compared to other techniques in terms of improved chattering phenomenon and less deviation from its reference.

Types of public policy in rural tourism development: characteristics and features

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Александр Трухачев ◽  
Aleksandr Trukhachev
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Interagency Cooperation ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Leading Position

Rural tourism in foreign countries stably occupies a leading position in tourism industry. As practice shows, its establishment was accompanied by significant participation of the state in terms of the development of different measures and programs for supporting and promotion. The author has generalized foreign experience of such participation. This allowed distinguishing by criterion of the intensity of the efforts of state authorities aimed at the formation and development of the tourism industry in rural areas three types of state policy of development of rural tourism: active, passive and moderate. The article shows the features of these approaches in the formation of the base of strategic documents. As it can be seen from the materials of the article, along with the strategy and programs of development of rural tourism the special legal framework of rural tourism is formed. It is a part of an active state policy and regulates certain aspects, such as taxation, quality of service, etc. Moderate public policy of development of rural tourism is limited to the basic strategic documents, as well as individual measures of interagency cooperation and coordination of the instruments. Passive type of public policy in rural tourism is not systematic and consistent and is characterized by using of separate measures aimed at the development of rural tourism. The article shows the areas and peculiarities of building of interagency cooperation in the development of strategic decisions about the development of rural tourism in the framework of these public policy types. The differences in the coordination of the instruments of public policy of development of rural tourism at all levels of regulation are justified. Various intensities of cross-sectoral integration processes in the development of rural areas correspond to certain types of public policy in rural tourism.

Legal Regulation of Agricultural Cooperation: New Approaches and Prospects for Developing Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Kalymbek BAKYTZHAN ◽  
Lazzat YERKINBAYEVA ◽  
Daniya NURMUKHANKYZY ◽  
Madina ZHUSUPBEKOVA ◽  
Indira NESIPBAYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Level System ◽  
Agricultural Cooperative ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Republic

Throughout the post-independence period, the development of agriculture and rural areas has been among the main priorities of Kazakhstan's economic policy. This study considers new approaches and prospects for the legal regulation of agricultural cooperation and the development of rural areas. The article analyzes the legal regulation of agricultural cooperation in the Republic of Kazakhstan and foreign countries. The authors have identified the main constraining factors to the development of agricultural cooperative societies, in particular, and rural areas, in general. They have also determined the key measures for developing agricultural cooperation and rural areas, as well as provided a detailed overview of such measures. The study results prove that the formation of a multi-level system of agricultural cooperative societies, functioning in collaboration with state (local) authorities, contributes to the development of rural areas.

scholarly journals Рersonnel safety of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine: Assessment and directions of provision

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
Olena Kilnitska ◽  
Lyudmyla Starunska ◽  
Svitlana Pereuda
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Dominant Feature

The assessment of personal security was made with the results of the analysis of the development, provision, application, and incentivisation of personnel of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to clarify the theoretical and methodological approaches to personnel security assessment in agricultural enterprises and to develop areas for its provision. Historical and economic, abstract and logical methods, statistical and economic techniques were applied in the study. The methodological part of the study established that the main imperative of social responsibility of entrepreneurship is the provision of the enterprise with personnel. Personnel security is a dominant feature of economic security of the enterprise, which ensures its sustainable development. The study determined the basis of the population in rural areas of Ukraine for the development of the workforce of agricultural enterprises. The study analysed the dynamics of development of the average number of full-time employees in the economy of Ukraine for the last five economic years. The structure of employment of the population of Ukraine by types of economic activity was determined. A complex characterisation of the dynamics of the personnel rotation at agricultural enterprises is carried out according to the following indicators: the level of hiring and dismissal; rate of change in the number of employees. The level of working time usage per one fulltime employee by types of economic activity in Ukraine was analysed and this indicator was compared with the level achieved in foreign countries. The organisation of material incentives for labour is identified. At present, this is very problematic, as there is a decrease in the real level of wages in all spheres of economic activity and in agriculture in particular. The objective reasons that threaten the personnel security of agricultural enterprises are identified. Reserves have been identified for improving the personnel security of agricultural enterprises to achieve a strategy for their sustainable development and economic sustainability. The study proposes measures to reduce risks and eliminate threats associated with the development, organisation, quantitative and qualitative provision of the enterprise with personnel capable of performing intellectual creative activity, commercialising innovations and putting them into practice

THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVES IN OVERCOMING RURAL POVERTY (WORLD EXPERIENCE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 142-154
Author(s):  
A. A. INSHAKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Cooperative Enterprises ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: All over the world, cooperatives have made a significant contribution to sustainable economic development and ensuring stability in the labor market. Cooperatives are owned, managed and served by their members, which allows them to effectively solve economic problems, develop social and human capital, and, at the same time, encourages people to cooperate and help each other. The article is devoted to the definition of the role of cooperative enterprises in the problem of poverty reduction in rural areas. Theoretical views of scientists on the possibilities of cooperative enterprises in solving the problem of rural poverty are considered. The relationship between rural entrepreneurship and poverty is shown. The role of farming in reducing poverty in developing countries is evaluated. Data from surveys of rural residents and representatives of small businesses in foreign countries show that overcoming poverty is impossible without the development of rural infrastructure and a comprehensive state policy. Methods of poverty reduction and successful cooperation practices in China are considered. Using the example of energy cooperatives in the United States and European countries, the possibilities of cooperation in rural electrification were shown.

scholarly journals Migration and the Problem of Old Age People in Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tika Ram Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Temporary Migration ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Impact

Current trends of migration in Nepal imply that the extensive out-migration of young people from rural areas, to foreign and internal urban centres, coincides with a rise in the problem of older couples in rural areas. This article examines the impact of migration on living condition and internal feelings of old age couples by drawing on the results of sociological and demographic field studies in Kandebash Village Development Committee (VDC) comprising multiethnic communities of western Nepal. The methodology for identifying older people is, social survey followed by direct interview with semi-structured questionnaire, examining variations by socio-economic strata and family structures. Comparative analysis indicates considerable heterogeneity in past and present migration patterns, both within and between countries. Economically higher status families are commonly able to reinforce their position by making better use of emigration opportunities. These families are migrating permanently to urban centers within country. Migrants from economically middle and lower status families are continuing temporary migration to foreign countries. Temporary migration, both within and between countries, is making old age couples alone in rural villages. The migrants' financial and material contributions are a nominal support. The old age lonely couples are facing many problems such as feeling loneliness, helplessness, frustration, increased household and social burdening.Key words: Migration, emigration, immigration, old age couple, rural migration, NepalDOI = 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1361Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 pp.145-160

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