ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПИЩЕВОГО БЕЛКОВО-ЖИРОВОГО БАЛАНСА И СТРАТЕГИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВА

Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo ◽

10.33943/mms.2019.5.37522 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 10-13

Author(s):

V.I. CHINAROV

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Social Development ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Necessary Conditions ◽

Meat Products ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Russian Population ◽

Living Standards ◽

Animal Fats ◽

Labor Resources

В 2018 году дефицит белка и жиров животного происхождения в питании населения России составил 11,8 и 5,5, соответственно. Продолжает оставаться высокой импортозависимость по белку животного происхождения на уровне 10,3, по животным жирам 8,8. Интенсификация развития животноводства соответствует стратегической цели социального развития и повышения жизненного уровня населения нашей страны на ближайшую и отдаленную перспективы. В соответствии с Доктриной продовольственной безопасности взят курс на наиболее полное обеспечение и улучшение структуры питания людей за счет роста потребления ценной в питательном отношении молочномясной продукции собственного производства. Россия располагает всеми необходимыми условиями и имеет реальные предпосылки полностью решить проблему обеспечения населения животными жирами и пищевым белком животного происхождения, но с каждым годом усложняется ситуация с трудовыми ресурсами на селе.In 2018, the deficit of protein and animal fats at the diet of Russian population was 11.8 and 5.5, respectively. High import dependence on animal protein remains at the level of 10.3, and on animal fats 8.8. Intensification of animal husbandry corresponds to the strategy of social development and improvement of living standards of countryside population in near and longterm period. In accordance with the Food Security Doctrine it was taken the course on the most complete provision and improving the structure of peoples diet due to increasing in the consumption of valuable dairy and meat products of own production. Our country has all the necessary conditions and has real prerequisites for fully solving the problem of providing the population with animal fats and protein, but every year the situation with the labor resources in rural areas becomes more complicated.

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Determining Food Stability to Achieve Food Security

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7222

Author(s):

Juan García-Díez ◽

Carla Gonçalves ◽

Luca Grispoldi ◽

Beniamino Cenci-Goga ◽

Cristina Saraiva

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Food Security ◽

Food Availability ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Meat Products ◽

Food Products ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Food Stability ◽

Quantitative Definition

Food security, as part as public health protection, constitutes one of the main objectives for countries aiming to ensure the health of all their citizens. However, food security is compromised worldwide by conflict, political instability, or economic crises, both in developed and developing countries. Conversely, because of the importance of agriculture to the economies of rural areas both in developed and developing countries, this sector can contribute to improving food stability, as well as to furthering food security. Thus, livestock and traditional meat products represent a key factor in ensuring food availability. Overall, biosecurity measures improve animal welfare by decreasing the occurrence of diseases that compromise the stability by causing fluctuations in the availability of meat and animal-derived food products such as milk, eggs, or traditional fermented products. As a consequence, an absence of biosecurity measures affects food security (in its quantitative definition, as described above) as well as the productive, sanitary, and environmental sustainability of the rural environment. Products of animal origin support local trade and the regional economy, while contributing to the availability of foods without great external dependence. The manufacture of foods of animal origin aims to create products that are durable and that maintain food availability for long periods of time, even during seasons with scarce resources. Thus, dry-cured or fermented meat products play an important role in food availability. Food security also refers to food access under healthy economic conditions; therefore, knowledge of the main tools that guarantee the safety of these kinds of food products is essential to achieving food stability and further food security.

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EFFECTIVE USE OF REMOTE AND NEAR-VILLAGE PASTURES OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Problems of AgriMarket ◽

10.46666/2020-4-2708-9991.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

A.A. TOREKHANOV ◽

◽

A.I. SABIROVA ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Statistical Data ◽

Meat Products ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Rural Settlements ◽

Agricultural Use ◽

The Republic ◽

Livestock Products ◽

Effective Use ◽

Near Future

The article is devoted to the discussion of issues related to the rational use of pasture lands, which form the basis of fodder base of animal husbandry. On the basis of statistical data on the presence of huge areas of pasture turnover and their feed capacity in the republic, the possibility of producing inexpensive ecologically clean livestock products on them is justified. Half of them (100 mln ha) are currently withdrawn from agricultural use and are classified as reserve lands. Their use in the near future- is a large reserve for improving food supply of the country's population with meat and meat products, and for increasing exports. The authors note that Kazakhstan has adopted a project to export 60 of thous. tons of beef. For production of such quantity of meat, it is necessary to keep livestock weighing 120 thous. tons, or about 300 thous. heads of cattle slaughtered annually for the sale of exported beef. It was revealed that 15% of the available pasture lands, or 26.5 mln ha, are degraded, a significant part of them are located in the territory belonging to rural settlements. This is the reason for the deterioration of the environment in rural areas. The article provides data from many years of research by scientists on seasonal pastures "spring-summer-autumn" suitable for grazing of cattle, their area is 68 mln ha, including in arid and desert regions - about 22.8 mln ha.

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Investigation of the processes of pollution and reduction of aquatic environment pollution on the example of artificial fish breeding enterprise activities

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202021007006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 210 ◽

pp. 07006

Author(s):

Maria Zharkova ◽

Oksana Paramonova ◽

Natalia Yudina ◽

Maria Balinskaya

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Living Standards ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Industrial Complex ◽

Market Dynamic ◽

Food Market ◽

Cattle Meat ◽

Fish Productivity

An important problem of modem society is the provision of the population with ecologically clean food products in quantity, range and quality, which guarantees an increase in their living standards and preservation of health. The solution to this problem is possible with the effective functioning of food market, dynamic development of agro-industrial complex, including production of marketable fish. Significant reserves for increasing fish production are water bodies existing in rural areas and new ponds being built on lands unsuitable for growing agricultural crops. As practice shows, when using inconvenient land for animal husbandry, we can get the following increase in cattle meat (kg/ha): in low-lying wetlands – 42, steppe, semi-steppe, desert pastures – 20. At the same time, from 1 hectare of pond mirrors built on such lands, an average of 200-300 kg of fish is obtained due to natural fish productivity, and with the use of fertilizers, various methods of reclamation and feeding fish up to 1000-1500 kg/ha. However, on the way to increasing fish productivity is the problem of ensuring water quality of the water body. Thus, the study of the causes and sequence of stages of pollution of water bodies determined the relevance of the research topic [1-3].

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Government measures to attain sustainable economic and social development of rural areas: Evidence from the Volgograd Oblast

Regional Economics Theory and Practice ◽

10.24891/re.18.1.108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 108-117

Author(s):

T.V. Klenova ◽

◽

A.S. Ivanov ◽

D.A. Koneva ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Development ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Volgograd Oblast

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Mechanisms for Regulating the Labor Resources of Rural Territories

Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises ◽

10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-6-54-57 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 54-57

Author(s):

N.M. Edrenkina ◽

◽

A.E. Lisitsin ◽

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Public Private Partnership ◽

State Regulation ◽

Social Infrastructure ◽

Private Partnership ◽

Labor Resources ◽

Labor Potential

The tendencies of state regulation of the labor potential of rural territories are revealed, which prove the lack of effective mechanisms of its reproduction. Mechanisms to increase the efficiency of state regulation of the labor potential on rural areas, aimed primarily at creating jobs and the number of people employed in the segment of small and medium-sized business are proposed. Thanks to public-private partnership in this area, it is possible to reduce budget expenditures on the development of social infrastructure.

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Multiresistant Bacteria Isolated from Intestinal Faeces of Farm Animals in Austria

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10040466 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 466

Author(s):

Herbert Galler ◽

Josefa Luxner ◽

Christian Petternel ◽

Franz F. Reinthaler ◽

Juliana Habib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Products ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

E Coli ◽

Multiresistant Bacteria ◽

Vancomycin Resistant

In recent years, antibiotic-resistant bacteria with an impact on human health, such as extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-containing Enterobacteriaceae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), have become more common in food. This is due to the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, which leads to the promotion of antibiotic resistance and thus also makes food a source of such resistant bacteria. Most studies dealing with this issue usually focus on the animals or processed food products to examine the antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study investigated the intestine as another main habitat besides the skin for multiresistant bacteria. For this purpose, faeces samples were taken directly from the intestines of swine (n = 71) and broiler (n = 100) during the slaughter process and analysed. All samples were from animals fed in Austria and slaughtered in Austrian slaughterhouses for food production. The samples were examined for the presence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, MRSA, MRCoNS and VRE. The resistance genes of the isolated bacteria were detected and sequenced by PCR. Phenotypic ESBL-producing Escherichia coli could be isolated in 10% of broiler casings (10 out of 100) and 43.6% of swine casings (31 out of 71). In line with previous studies, the results of this study showed that CTX-M-1 was the dominant ESBL produced by E. coli from swine (n = 25, 83.3%) and SHV-12 from broilers (n = 13, 81.3%). Overall, the frequency of positive samples with multidrug-resistant bacteria was lower than in most comparable studies focusing on meat products.

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Developing and Validating a Scale of Tourism Gentrification in Rural Areas

Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research ◽

10.1177/10963480211014930 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109634802110149

Author(s):

Chaohui Wang ◽

Yumei Xu ◽

Tingting (Christina) Zhang

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Living Standards ◽

Rural Tourism ◽

Measurement Scale ◽

Community Culture ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Cultural Appreciation ◽

Great Progress ◽

Development And Validation

In recent years, tourism gentrification has made great progress in rural areas and has had significant impacts on these areas’ development, specifically in the domains of the economy, living standards, community, culture, and environment. Tourists play a key role in developing tourism gentrification in rural areas, but research investigating tourism gentrification in rural areas from the tourist perspective is scarce. To fill this gap, we focus on tourism gentrification and develop a measurement scale from the tourist perspective through multiple qualitative and quantitative steps. Our findings confirm that tourism gentrification in rural areas from the tourist perspective comprises eight dimensions: economic growth, enhanced environment, enhanced living standards, individual civilization, improved communication, promoted social environment, cultural appreciation, and improved individual quality. Through development and validation of the scale, we hope to offer a comprehensive referencing index of tourism gentrification in rural areas to policy makers and rural tourism practitioners.

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Role of Camel Husbandry in Food Security of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11070614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 614

Author(s):

Ayan Orazov ◽

Liudmila Nadtochii ◽

Kazybay Bozymov ◽

Mariam Muradova ◽

Araigul Zhumayeva

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Meat Products ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Low Level ◽

The Past ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

The Republic ◽

Food Security Indicators ◽

Security Indicators ◽

High Degree

This paper examines the problem of food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan over the past 10 years. Based on statistical data, an assessment was made of the prevalence of malnutrition among the population of the country, including children under 5 years of age. There has been a trend towards for an improvement in the nutrition of the population for a few indicators; however, further optimization of food security indicators is required to achieve the goals of sustainable development (SDGs) of the FAO WHO Agenda for the period up to 2050 in Kazakhstan and in its individual regions. The paper reflects data on demographic changes over the past 10 years and its self-sufficiency in basic foods for 2019. A high degree of self-sufficiency in meat products (117.6%) is revealed in the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. However, self-sufficiency in dairy products is at an extremely low level (0.1%). Camel breeding has been successfully developing in the country over the past 10 years. However, the number of camels in the country is still at a low level. Camel milk can be considered as a great source of macronutrients, its daily consumption partially facilitates the problem of Food Security in Kazakhstan.

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