ПЛЕМЕННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ МЯСНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА РОССИИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ЧИНАРОВ
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Cattle Industry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Breeding Resources

Представлен краткий анализ состояния племенных ресурсов мясного скотоводства России, проведена сравнительная оценка основных пород по комплексу признаков, характеризующих молочность коров, сохранность и интенсивность роста молодняка. Численность поголовья основных пород рассчитана на основе данных Ежегодников по племенной работе в мясном скотоводстве в хозяйствах Российской Федерации за 2015 и 2018 года по породной структуре и размещению пробонитированного скота по регионам. Племенной скот характеризуется более высоким продуктивным потенциалом по всему комплексу хозяйственно полезных признаков. Доля племенного скота в сельскохозяйственных организациях и К(Ф)Х сократилась с 18,9 до 17,4 %. Среди пород племенного поголовья скота высокой молочностью (220 кг и более) отличаются шаролезская, лимузинская, обрак и абердин-ангусская. Самым высоким выходом телят на 100 коров к отъему характеризуются калмыцкая (86 голов), казахская белоголовая (82 головы), галловейская (79 голов) и абердин-ангусская (71 голова) породы. По интенсивности роста молодняка лучшими показателями обладает скот пород обрак, симментальская мясная, лимузинская, шаролезкая и герефордская. Эти показатели пород имеют существенное различие по регионам, поэтому породное разнообразие является безусловным конкурентным преимуществом мясного скотоводства России. This article presents the analysis of breeding resources for Russian meat cattle industry and comparative assessment of main breeds by a set of characteristics that characterize the milk production of cows, the safety and growth rate of young animals. Based on data of breeds’ structure and breeding cattle’s placement by region, the number of main breeds’ livestock at the Russian Federation was calculated. To assess the number of main breeds’ livestock, we used the data from Yearbook of breeding work at dairy and meat cattle breeding in the Russian Federation for 2015 and 2018. Breeding livestock is characterized by higher productive potential for the entire range of economically useful features. The share of breeding livestock at agricultural organizations decreased from 18.9 % in 2015 to 17.4 % in 2018. The Charolaise breed, Limousine, Aubrac and Aberdeen Angus are characterized by high milk yield (220 kg or more). The highest yield of calves for weaning per 100 cows have Kalmyk breed (86 heads), Kazakh White-headed (82 heads), Galloway (79 heads) and Aberdeen Angus (71 heads). According to the intensity of young animals’ growth, the best indicators have Aubrac breed, Simmental meat, Charolaise, Limousine and Hereford. These indicators of breeds have a significant difference by region, so the breed diversity is the absolute competitive advantage of meat cattle breeding at Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Innovative Development of the Far North Regions

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Nikolay EGOROV ◽  
◽  
Grigoriy KOVROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Far North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Russian Federation

The paper deals with the assessment of the level of innovative development of the Northern regions. Based on the data of the annual rating of innovative economies, performed by Bloomberg, a comparative analysis of the rating of innovative economies in the Nordic countries is presented. It is noted that Russia has been consistently ranked 25–27 in the last four years, although in 2016, it was in the 12th place. An overview analysis of methodological approaches and methods for assessing the level of innovative de-velopment of a region in Russia is carried out. On the basis of statistical data on the composite integral index, a comparative assessment of the level of innovative development of 17 regions of the Far North of the Russian Federation for 2017 is carried out, and the corresponding ranks are analyzed separately for 5 sub-indices of thematic blocks: socio-economic conditions, scientific and technical potential, innovation activity, export activity and the quality of regional innovation policy. The study shows a significant difference between the regions of the Far North of the Russian Federation in terms of the level of innovative development. In five subjects of the Far North of the Russian Federation, the values of the composite innovation index are higher than the average for the Russian Federation. Different positions occupied by regions are also observed in the rankings for individual sub-indices. The results of such ratings make it possible to assess the comparative advantages and disadvantages of specific regions for further consideration in the program documents on their innovative development.

СОСТОЯНИЕ МЯСНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: реалии и перспективы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. DUNIN ◽  
S.E. TYAPUGIN ◽  
R.K. MESHCHEROV ◽  
V.P. HODYKOV ◽  
V.K. ADZHIBEKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Further Development

Рассмотрены состояние и перспективы развития мясного скотоводства в Российской Федерации. Проведен мониторинг численности поголовья, породного состава и продуктивности мясного крупного рогатого скота во всех категориях хозяйств, изучены масштабы и объемы бонитировки скота за 20102018 годы. По данным Минсельхоза России, в 2018 году поголовье крупного рогатого скота в стране составило более 18 млн голов, в том числе численность животных специализированных мясных пород во всех категориях хозяйств достигла 2,26 млн голов. Комплексная оценка 711,16 тыс. голов, или 34,1 от общей численности мясного скота, в том числе 389,8 тыс. коров, принадлежащих к 15 породам и типам, разводимым в 57 регионах Российской Федерации показала, что наибольшее подконтрольное поголовье имеют абердин ангусская порода (417545 гол.), калмыцкая (137262 гол.), герефордская (87278 гол.) и казахская белоголовая породы (52563 гол.). Все подконтрольное поголовье животных является чистопородным и IV поколения, в том числе 99,7 быков-производителей и 99,3 коров. Анализ живой массы пробонитированного поголовья выявил тенденцию к ее повышению у коров всех возрастов в среднем на 54 кг, быков производителей на 39 кг, или на 16,7 и 5,2 за последние 9 лет, соответственно. Живая масса коров по итогам 2018 года в среднем составила 546 кг, быков-производителей 791 кг. По состоянию на 1.01.2019 года, племенная база мясного скотоводства страны представлена 270 племенными стадами, в том числе 46 племенными заводами и 224 племенными репродукторами. В 2018 году в различные категории хозяйств из племенных предприятий было продано 35517 голов племенного молодняка, в том числе 6388 ремонтных бычка с классами элита и элита-рекорд (85,3). В 2018 году было продано племенного молодняка в расчете на 100 коров галловейской породы 33,0 головы, казахской белоголовой 29,1 герефордской 28,0 калмыцкой 22,2 лимузинской 15,5 абердин ангусской 8,8 русской комолой 8,2 и симментальской мясной 4,7 голов. На основании мониторинга состояния мясного скотоводства страны за 20102018 годы были намечены перспективы дальнейшего развития.The article considers the state and prospects of development of beef cattle breeding in the Russian Federation. The number of livestock, breed composition and productivity of beef cattle in all categories of farms was monitored, the scale and volumes of bonding of cattle for the studied 9-year period (20102018) were studied. According to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, in 2018 the number of cattle in the country amounted to more than 18 million heads, including the number of cattle of specialized meat breeds in all categories of farms reached 2.26 million heads. A comprehensive assessment of the number of livestock in the amount of 711.16 thousand animals or 34.1 of the total number of beef cattle, including: cows 389.8 thousand heads belonging to 15 breeds and types bred in 57 regions of the Russian Federation, showed that the largest controlled livestock are: Aberdeen Angus breed 417545 animals, Kalmyk 1372726 animals, Hereford 87278 animals and Kazakh white-headed breed 52563 animals. Almost all of the controlled livestock of animals is purebred and IV generation, including: respectively 99.7 of bulls producers and 99.3 of cows. The analysis of live mass of a livestock revealed a tendency to its increase at cows of all age on average on 54 kg, bulls on 39 kgor for 16.7 and 5.2 for the last 9 years respectively. The live mass of cows following the results of 2018 averaged 546 kg, bulls 791 kg. As of January 1, 2019, the breeding base of beef cattle breeding in the country is represented by 270 breeding herds, including: 46 breeding plants and 224 breeding reproducers. In 2018, 35,517 heads of pedigree young animals were sold to various categories of farms from pedigree enterprises, including 6,388 repair bulls with elite classes and an elite record record for appraisal (85.3). An analysis of the sales volume of pedigree young animals in the context of farmed meat breeds showed that in 2018 pedigree young animals per 100 cows were sold in the country: Galloveian breed 33.0 goals, Kazakh white-headed 29.1 goals, Hereford 28, 0 goals., Kalmyk 22.2 goals., Limousin 15.5 goals., Aberdeen Angus 8.8 goals, Russian kolola 8.2 and Simmental meat 4.7 goals. Based on the monitoring of the state of beef cattle breeding in the country for the study period (20102018), prospects for further development were outlined.

MILITARY COMPONENT OF THE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE "STRATEGIC TRIANGLE" RUSSIA – CHINA – USA: REGIONAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
D. V. GORDIENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The World ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the "strategic triangle" Russia-China-USA occupies an important place in the implementation of Russian aspirations in various regions of the world. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the Russia-China- US strategic triangle on the implementation of current Russian policy in the post-Soviet space, in the Asia-Pacific and Euro-Atlantic regions, in the Arctic, the Middle East and other regions of the world. The paper examines the influence of the military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the Russia- China-USA “strategic triangle”, proposes an approach to a comparative assessment of this influence, which allows identifying the priorities of Russian policy in the post-Soviet space, in the Asia-Pacific and Euro-Atlantic regions, in the Arctic, on The Middle East and other regions of the world. A comparative assessment of the influence of the military component of the Russian Federation's policy in the Russia-China-USA “strategic triangle” can be used to substantiate recommendations to the military-political leadership of our country. The article concludes that the military component of Russian policy occupies a dominant position in the implementation of the current policy of the Russian Federation in the post-Soviet space, in the Asia- Pacific and Euro-Atlantic regions, in the Arctic, the Middle East and in other regions of the world.

Regional experience in adapting decent wage standards in agriculture: analysis and evaluation

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
V. N. Kiryanova
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Average Wage ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Collective Agreements ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Russian Federation

In article the question of extent of adaptation of Standards of the decent salary in branch of agriculture as one of important instruments of increase in profitability of work in agriculture is considered. In order to solve this problem, the author analyses and carries out a comparative assessment of the content of Sectoral Labour Agreements with a view to reflecting in them social guarantees on decent remuneration of workers of the industry in a number of subjects of the Russian Federation. In addition, the article provides analytical material on the degree of practical implementation of social guarantees, as the basis of Decent Wage Standards, using statistical groupings of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on a number of indicators. For example, by ratio. The minimum wage and subsistence minimum, as well as the average wage and subsistence minimum; Their dynamics by years are given. In addition, the author of the article believes that in order to gain a better understanding of the implementation of the Decent Wage Standards in the industry, it is necessary to study the practice of their application at the level of enterprises and organizations in order to assess the degree of implementation of social and legal guarantees when concluding collective agreements directly in organizations. This will be the next stage of the study on the adaptation of Decent Wage Standards.

scholarly journals Length of productive life the cows of Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
L. Ignat'eva ◽  
A. Sermyagin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to assess the duration of the length of productive life of Simmental cows. Methods. The research was carried out on Simmental cows bred in 14 regions of the Russian Federation, the total livestock was 8 832 heads. The calculation of the heritability coefficients and correlation (genetic and paratypic) was carried out by using the programs RENUMF90 and REMLF90. Results. A fairly strong relationship was established between the duration of a productive life (months) and the age of culling (lactations) r = +0.795, the length of productive life (months) and lifetime productivity within the range of +0.669…+0.714. However, the relationship between the age of culling (lactations) and lifetime productivity is moderate, from +0.261 to +0.316. A moderate negative relationship was obtained between the age of culling (lactations) and milk yield per first lactation from –0.472 to –0.486. The average relationship was found between milk yield per first lactation and lifetime productivity from +0.567 to +0.588. Cows of the Altai Territory (3.08 lactations or 61.6 months), the Republic of Mordovia (3.38 lactations or 62.4 months) and the Lipetsk region (3.40 lactations or 65.7 months) were distinguished by low age of culling. While the greatest length of productive life was noted in animals and Bryansk (5.48 lactations or 86.9 months) and Irkutsk regions (4.57 lactations or 77.1 months). Bryansk (23 630 kg of milk), Tyumen (18 156 kg) and Irkutsk (17 751 kg) regions occupied the leading positions in lifetime productivity of cows in the sample, while the outsiders were the regions of traditional cattle breeding - Altai Territory (12658 kg of milk), the Republic of Bashkiria (12 482 kg). Scientific novelty. For the population Simmental cattle of the Russian Federation, for the first time, an assessment of selection and genetic parameters of lifelong productivity and length of productive life of Simmental cows was carried out, depending on the breeding region.

СОСТОЯНИЕ МЕЛИОРАТИВНОГО ФОНДА БАССЕЙНА Р.КУБАНЬ ПО КРАСНОДАРСКОМУ КРАЮ, РЕСПУБЛИКЕ АДЫГЕЯ И КАРАЧАЕВО-ЧЕРКЕССКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ

2020 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
V.R. Enakaeva ◽  
N.M. Popova ◽  
E.N. Getman
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Agriculture Land ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
The Republic

В статье приведены показатели по Краснодарскому краю, Республике Адыгея и Карачаево-Черкесской Республике, характеризующие мелиоративное состояние орошаемых земель. Выполнена сравнительная оценка мелиоративного состояния орошаемых и осушаемых сельскохозяйственных угодий и технического состояния мелиоративных систем за 2013 и 2018 годы по официальным данным сайта Департамента мелиорации Минсельхоза РФ.The article presents indicators for the Krasnodar territory, the Republic of Adygea and the Karachay-Cherkess Republic that characterize the reclamation status of irrigated lands. A comparative assessment of irrigated and drained agricultural lands reclamation status and technical condition of reclamation systems in 2013 and 2018, according to the official website of the Russian Federation Ministry of agriculture land reclamation department.

Analysis of the Main Trends in the Development of the Waste Management System in Russia: Problems and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Zhukova ◽  
S.N. Nikulina ◽  
O.V. Yakovleva ◽  
E.A. Cherikanova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Consumption Waste

The article is devoted to the study of problems of environmental pollution by production and consumption waste and prospects for their solution. The paper analyzes the management of production and consumption waste for five years in the Russian Federation in relation to the dynamics of economic development of the country. The dynamics of indicators of production and consumption waste generation in the Russian Federation is given. It is shown that the main contribution to the total amount of waste is made by waste of hazard classes V and IV. Analysis of the dynamics of waste generation for the main types of economic activity showed that the largest volume for the study period falls on the type of activity "mining". An analytical study of data on the growth rate of GDP, the volume of production and consumption waste generation, waste disposal and investment in environmental protection showed an increase in waste generated per unit of GDP. The paper shows that a set of measures to change the structure of the circulation system.

scholarly journals CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TWENTY YEARS: ACHIEVEMENTS AND MISSED OPPORTUNITIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
G. L. Minakov ◽  
L. A. Abashina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Twentieth Anniversary ◽  
The Many

This paper analyzes the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which is 1 January 2017 marks the twentieth anniversary of the entry into force. Draws attention to a number of problems associated with the many changes made to the text of the Law. There is a significant difference between a modern edition of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation of the sample 2016 from the Criminal code of the Russian Federation at the time of its adoption in 1996. Indicates the number of egregious errors and omissions of the legislator in constructing the norms, not all of which today are corrected. It is stated that hitherto the criminal code of the Russian Federation in full is not entered into force. In particular, not put into effect the provisions of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation on the punishment in the form of arrest, despite the expiry of the deadline of entry (2006). Thus it is proved that stipulated by the legislator in the Criminal-Executive code of the Russian Federation of conditions of serving of arrest for much stricter than the conditions of detention of the convict in jail, which violates the principle of fairness criminal law. The authors emphasize that the economic factor in justifying the imposition of arrest generally not taken into account. In this connection, the conclusion about the need to exclude these norms of the current legislation. It is noted that a similar situation exists with the new punishment in the form of forced labor. The paper argues that the inability of the purpose of forced labor may result in adverse legal consequences for the persons serving compulsory work, corrective labour and restriction of freedom in case of malicious evasion from serving of the latter. The authors note, requires a final decision and issue the death penalty.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document