scholarly journals Yields of maize hybrids depending on their early ripeness, usage of fertilizer and plant density in the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Palapin ◽  
◽  
M.V. Marchenko ◽  
S.A. Kiryachek ◽  
T.R. Toloraya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Early Ripening

Research results include the study of grain productivity of maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness against the background of fertilizer usage in autumn, nitrogen dressing in spring, and plant density. In the arid 2018, top dressing against the background without fertilization in autumn was more effective; in 2019, early ripening hybrid ‘Krasnodar 194 MV’ provided maximum yield at a rate of 6.05 t/ha when N30P30K60 fertilization was carried out in autumn and N30 top dressing in spring. The average yield (6.30 t/ha) provided early ripening hybrid when plant density was 70 thousand per hectare and fertilizer levels reached N60P60K60. Mid-season hybrid ‘Krasnodar 377 AMV’ under similar plant density and a half-dose of fertilizer led to obtaining maximum yield (7.67 t/ha).

scholarly journals Optimization of the parameters of quantitative traits of maize hybrids used for grain

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Early Ripening

The studies were carried out in 2015–2017 at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in order to determine the opti­mal values of quantitative traits, the combination of which allows forming the maximum yield for hybrids of grain use in arid conditions. The 96 maize hybrids were the initial material which were studied for grain productivity, plant height, height of ear attachment, length of the vegetation period and of the period from germination to ear flowering. The presence, strength and direction of correlation between grain productivity and quantitative characteristics have been established. There has been identified a weak positive correlation between the grain productivity and plant height (r = + 0.10…+0.23). Maize hybrids for grain use should be of medium height with an optimal value of the trait of 220–250 cm. The grain productivity had an average in 2016 (r = + 0.49) and a weak in 2015 and 2016 (r = + 0.05; r = +0.17) dependence on an ear attachment height. The optimal values of the trait were 80–95 cm. The nature of the dependence between grain productivity and the length of the vegetation period greatly differed through the year of study. In 2016 an average positive correlation was r = + 0.52; in 2015 and 2017 there was a weak negative correlation r = –0.14, r = –0.24. Through different years, the hybrids of various groups of ripeness formed the maximum grain productivity of 5.0–5.5 t/ha. The hybrids of the middle-early group of ripening, as well as the early-ripening and middle-ripening hybrids had an advantage before the middle-early group slightly differing in the length of the vegetation period. The optimum length of the vegetation period is 97–110 days, the period from germination to ear flowering is 53–61 days.

scholarly journals Yields of maize of different maturity groups depending on the planting dates and plant density in the northern zone of the Krasnodar Territory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Kiryachek ◽  
◽  
T.R. Toloraya ◽  
M.V. Marchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Early Planting ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Northern Zone ◽  
Maturity Groups

Research tasks include identifying the optimal planting dates, plant density, establishing morphological characteristics and yield of maize hybrids of different maturity groups. Studies were conducted in the northern zone of the Krasnodar Territory. On average for two years, the yields of early ripening and mid-early hybrids were 6.15 and 7.58 t/ha, respectively (early planting dates, plant density - 80 thousand per hectare). However, the maximum grain productivity (6.48 t/ha) showed late-ripening maize hybrid when planting lately at density of 50 thousand per hectare.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL TRIALS OF NEW MAIZE HYBRIDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF VARIOUS MOISTURE SUPPLY

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
High Responsiveness ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The article presents the results of ecological trials of ten new maize hybrids developed by the ARC “Donskoy” at six points with different moisture supply. According to grain yields there have been identified such valuable for definite conditions hybrids as: ‘Ze 235’ with 5.0 t/ha and ‘Ze 428’ with 6.55 t/ha (ARC “Donskoy”, Zernograd); ‘Ze 182’ with 9.02 t/ha (ARRI of maize, Pyatigorsk); ‘Ze 286’ with 4.92 t/ha (RCG named after P.P. Lukiyanenko, Krasnodar); ‘Ze 428’ with 7.61 t/ha (RPE “Semenovodstvo Kubani”, v. of Ladozhskaya, Krasnodar Area); ‘Ze 331’ with 10.1 t/ha (Agrofirm “Otbor”, v. of Komsomolsky); ‘Ze 428’ with 6.55 t/ha (RusRC “Rossorgo”, Saratov). For the arid conditions there has been recommended the hybrid ‘Ze 428’ with 5.11 t/ha of grain on average at the points with insufficient moisture supply. For the conditions of sufficien moisture supply there has been recommended the hybrid ‘Ze 331’ with 8.06 t/ha at the points with high moisture supply. The new hybrids ‘Ze 182’, ‘Ze 236’, ‘Ze 285’, ‘Ze 286’, ‘Ze 331’, ‘Ze 332’, ‘Ze 333’, ‘Ze 427’, ‘Ze 428’ have been characterized with high responsiveness on the change of growing conditions, regression coefficient (bi) was 1.42–2.02; the hybrid ‘Ze 235’ is found to be an ecologically adaptable genotype (bi = 1). All hybrids belong to ecologically stable genotypes (σd2=0,13–0,74). The hybrids ‘Ze 235’ and ‘Ze 331’ showed the highest index of drought tolerance (72.7 and 67.3% respectively). The early ripening hybrid ‘Ze 182’ (FAO 180), the middle-ripening hybrid ‘Ze 286’ (FAO 250), the middle ripening hybrid ‘Ze 331’ (FAO 300) and the middle-late hybrid ‘Ze 428’ (FAO 400) are the most promising hybrids for practical use according to such their economic-valuable traits as grain productivity, harvesting moisture of grain, resistance to lodging, resistance to smut viruses and ear attachment height.

Productivity of maize hybrids of different FAO groups depending on conditions of irrigation and dosage of fertilizers in the southern steppe of Ukraine

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
T. Glushko
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Aim. To determine optimal doses of mineral fertilizers taking into consideration biological specifi cities of new maize hybrids of different FAO groups in irrigation conditions of the southern Ukraine and to trace their impact on the formation of grain productivity of plants. Methods. The fi eld method was used to study the in- teraction of the investigated object and both experimental and environmental factors via the registration of the yield volume and biometric measurements; the laboratory method was used to determine soil humidity, humidity content in grain and quality indices of grain; the statistical method was used to estimate the reli- ability of the results obtained; and the computational method was used in economic and energetic estimation of the employed cultivation techniques. Results. The yield of maize grain of 13–15.42 t per ha on condition of irrigation and introduction of the estimated amount of mineral fertilizer N 240 P 0 K 0 is registered for hybrids of mid-ripening and middle-late groups – Azov, Krasyliv 357 MB, Sokolov 407 MB, Bystrytsia 400 MB. Without irrigation, the highest yield is remarkable for the hybrids of early-ripening and middle-early groups – Tendra, April 187 MB, Syvash, Orzhytsia 237 MB (grain yield of 3.15–3.39 t per ha). Conclusions. The following hy- brids are recommended for cultivation on condition of irrigation of dark-chestnut soils of the southern steppe of Ukraine: early-ripening Tendra, middle-early – Orzhytsia 237 MB, mid-ripening – Krasyliv 357 MB, and middle-late – Bystrytsia 400 MB, with the introduction of the estimated dose of the mineral fertilizers, defined by the difference between the amount of nutritious elements, required for the formation of productivity of the desired level and their content in the soil of a specific plot.

scholarly journals Effect of the plant density on different maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids yields and leaf area index (LAI) values

2015 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Eszter Murányi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
The University

We have investigated the plant number reactions of three maize hybrids of various genotypes in a small-plot field experiment. The plant numbers were 50, 70 and 90 thousand ha-1, while the row distances were 45 and 76 cm. The experiment was set on the Látókép Experimental Farm of Centre for Agricultural Sciences of the University of Debrecen in four replications on calcareous chernozem soil. The assimilation area and the leaf area index have important role in development of the crop yield. The studied three different genotype maize hybrids reached its maximum leaf area index at flowering. The maximum leaf area index increased linearly with increasing plant density. The season-hybrids reached less yield and leaf area index. According to our experimental results, we have concluded that with the decrease of the row spacing, the yield increased in the average of the hybrids. The studied hybrids reached the maximum yield at 70 and 90 plants ha-1 plant density. We determined the optimal plant number that is the most favourable for the certain hybrid under the given conditions.The higher plant density was favourable at 45 cm row spacing than 76 cm. The hybrids reached the maximum grain yield at 45 cm row spacing between 76 712–84 938 plants ha-1, while the optimum plant density at 76 cm row spacing changed between 61 875–65 876 plants ha-1. The leaf area index values between the applied plant density for the flowering period (July 1, 24), we defined a significant differences. In the archived yields were significant differences at the 45 cm row spacing between 50 and 70, 90 thousand ha-1 plant density, while the number for the 76 cm row spacing used did not cause a significant differences in the yield. There were significant differences between the examined hybrids of yields.

scholarly journals Productivity of maize hybrids of different maturity groups for green fodder depending on the planting dates and plant density

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Cherkashyna ◽  
◽  
E.F. Sotchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
The Republic

Optimization of planting dates and plant density for maize cultivation for green fodder is of particular importance under increased aridity in the Republic of Crimea. The aim of the research was to identify optimum planting dates and plant density for maize hybrids for green fodder harvested at the late milk stage under rain-fed conditions of the steppe zone of the Crimea. In the course of the experiment, we found that for the period from 2016 to 2019 yield of green fodder depended on the hydrothermal conditions of the year and plant density, as well as we observed the interaction of planting dates and conditions of the year. The optimum plant density was 70 thousand plants per hectare. On average, the yield of green fodder of early-ripening maize hybrid ‘Nur’ was 19.58 t/ha; medium early hybrid ‘Mashuk 220 MV’ – 19.25 t/ha, medium ripening hybrid ‘Mashuk 355 MV’ – 21.3 t/ha.

scholarly journals Studies of plant density increase – on maize hybrids of various genotypes on chernozem soil

2014 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Eszter Murányi ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Density Increase ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Number Range ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
The University ◽  
The Given

The yield and crop safety of maize are influenced by numerous ecological, biological and agrotechnical factors. It is of special importance to study one of the agrotechnical elements, the plant density of maize hybrids, which is influenced by the growing area conditions and the selected hybrid. We have investigated the effects of three different plant numbers (50 thousand plants ha-1, 70 thousand plants ha-1 and 90 thousand plants ha-1) on the yield of 12 maize hybrids of different genotypes in Hajdúság, on calcareous chernozem soil, in the Látókép Research Farm of the University of Debrecen, Centre for Agricultural Sciences, in 2013. The experiment was set in four replications, besides commonly applied agrotechnical actions. In the experiment, 1 hybrid of very early (Sarolta), 9 of early (P 9578, DKC 4014, DKC 4025, P 9175, NK Lucius, Reseda, P 37N01, DKC 4490, P 9494) and 2 of medium (Kenéz, SY Afinity) maturation were used. With the increase of the plant number, the number of individuals per unit area increases. According to our experimental results, we have concluded that with the increase of the plant number, the yield increased in the average of the hybrids. In the average of the hybrids, in the case of 50 thousand plants ha-1, the yield was 13 130 kg ha-1, in the case of 70 thousand plants ha-1, it was 13 824 kg ha-1, while in the case of 90 thousand plants ha-1, the yield became 13 877 kg ha-1. In addition to plant density increase, it is necessary to determine the optimal plant number that is the most favourable for the certain hybrid under the given conditions. To fulfil this aim, we have determined the optimal plant number corresponding to the maximum yield of the given hybrid, within the given plant number range. The optimal and applied plant numbers differ, since the optimal one could only be applied under ideal conditions. Since the agrotechnical actions cannot always be carried out in appropriate quality and one has to adapt to the weather conditions, thus we have determined a plant number range in the case of each hybrid. The hybrids were classified into categories of producible in narrow and broad plant number range.

Responses of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids to sowing date, N fertiliser and plant density in different years

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Berzsenyi ◽  
D. Q. Lap
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Maize Grain

The responses of Hungarian-bred maize hybrids with different vegetation periods to sowing date, N fertiliser and plant density were studied in small-plot field experiments between 2002 and 2004. The maize grain yield was highest in the early and optimum sowing date treatments (8.563 and 8.325 t ha-1) and significantly less in the late and very late treatments (7.908 and 7.279 t ha-1). The year had a substantial effect on both the yield and the grain moisture content. In a long-term maize monoculture experiment set up in 1961, the N fertiliser responses of 6 maize hybrids with different vegetation periods were investigated. Averaged over the years 2002 and 2004 the maize grain yields in the N treatments were as follows (t ha-1): N0: 4.780, N80: 7.479, N160: 8.577, N240: 8.226. The grain yield and yield stability of maize were greatest at a N rate of 160 kg ha-1. The yield response was similar in both years, but the year had a considerable effect on the yield level. The N supplies to maize plants during the vegetation period could be well characterised using a SPAD 502 chlorophyll meter in the R3 phenological stage (18-22 days after silking). The plant density responses of maize hybrids were described by fitting a quadratic function to the data of 19-22 hybrids in the years 2002-2004. The optimum plant density averaged over the hybrids was between 67,483 and 70,161 plants ha-1. The maximum yield associated with optimum plant density was 7.978 t ha-1 in 2002, 6.60 t ha-1 in 2003 and 9.37 t ha-1 in 2004. The annual patterns of plant density responses for the maize hybrids exhibited considerable differences.

ALFALFA VARIETIES ZONED IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
State Register ◽  
Independent Evaluation ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
Central Chernozem

The article describes the main morphological and biological features of alfalfa varieties included in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use in the Central Chernozem zone of Russia. A total of 32 alfalfa varieties are included in the State register. This is 9 varieties of blue alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. Sativa) of domestic selection and 8 foreign, 11 varieties of variable alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. nothosubsp. varia (Martyn) Arcang.) domestic selection and 1 variety of foreign and 3 varieties of yellow alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang.). It shows the average and maximum yield of varieties determined in the process of state variety testing, as well as independent evaluation in research institutions in the region. Varieties of blue alfalfa of domestic selection Kevsala, Elena, Satellite, Vavilovskaya Yubileynaya were the most productive. The average yield of dry matter of these varieties reaches 8.4–9.2 t/ha, the maximum — 15.3–17.7 t/ha. Alfalfa varieties Timbale and Galaxy were the most productive among foreign varieties: the average yield of dry matter was 8.1 and 8.3 t/ha, the maximum – 15.5 and 17.2 t/ha. Varieties of alfalfa variable Vitalina and Vela provided an average yield of dry matter of 7.6 and 9.0 t/ha, the maximum yield reached 15.4 and 18.1 t/ha.

New cultivar of red clover Prima

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
R. I. Polyudina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
The State ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Early Ripening

The results of breeding work on creation of the new cultivar of red clover are presented. The hybrid population (15-10-D (2n)) was created by the method of crossbreeding and selection in the conditions of artifi cial climate. Selection of winterhardy high-yielding forms of this hybrid population was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of West Siberia. The population 15-10-D (2n) was tested in three cycles of competitive variety trial (crops of 2006, 2008 and 2010) and was submitted to the State variety testing under the name Prima. According to the results of the competitive variety trial during 2007–2013, the new early-ripening diploid cultivar Prima showed high winter hardiness of 97.0-99.0%. The duration of the growing season is 115 days (on the level of standard early-ripening tetraploid cultivar Meteor). The yield of green mass in two cuts is 19.6-58.7 t/ha, the yield of dry matter is 4.2-13.5 t/ha, the yield of seeds is 276-392 kg/ ha. The average yield of green mass in two cuts of the new cultivar is 38.8 t/ha, the average yield of dry matter is 8.7 t/ha, the average yield of seeds is 317 kg/ha, which exceeds standard cultivar Meteor by 52%. The seed content of Prima cultivar is 52%, Meteor – 38%. The crude protein content in dry matter is 16.1%, the fi ber content is 26.0%. Prima cultivar has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation to be grown in the West Siberian region since 2019. The copyright certifi cate and patent for the breeding achievement were received.

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