scholarly journals Optimization of the parameters of quantitative traits of maize hybrids used for grain

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Early Ripening

The studies were carried out in 2015–2017 at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in order to determine the opti­mal values of quantitative traits, the combination of which allows forming the maximum yield for hybrids of grain use in arid conditions. The 96 maize hybrids were the initial material which were studied for grain productivity, plant height, height of ear attachment, length of the vegetation period and of the period from germination to ear flowering. The presence, strength and direction of correlation between grain productivity and quantitative characteristics have been established. There has been identified a weak positive correlation between the grain productivity and plant height (r = + 0.10…+0.23). Maize hybrids for grain use should be of medium height with an optimal value of the trait of 220–250 cm. The grain productivity had an average in 2016 (r = + 0.49) and a weak in 2015 and 2016 (r = + 0.05; r = +0.17) dependence on an ear attachment height. The optimal values of the trait were 80–95 cm. The nature of the dependence between grain productivity and the length of the vegetation period greatly differed through the year of study. In 2016 an average positive correlation was r = + 0.52; in 2015 and 2017 there was a weak negative correlation r = –0.14, r = –0.24. Through different years, the hybrids of various groups of ripeness formed the maximum grain productivity of 5.0–5.5 t/ha. The hybrids of the middle-early group of ripening, as well as the early-ripening and middle-ripening hybrids had an advantage before the middle-early group slightly differing in the length of the vegetation period. The optimum length of the vegetation period is 97–110 days, the period from germination to ear flowering is 53–61 days.

scholarly journals The effect of hydrothermal coefficient on productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
N. A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The improvement of the breeding programs, selection of the optimal group of ripeness depends on the soil and climatic conditions for which varieties and hybrids are developed. One of the most important indicators of climatic conditions is the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of HTC on the productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness. The studies were carried out in 2014–2019 at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the southern zone of the Rostov Region, characterized by unstable moisture. The objects of the study were 96 interlinear maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness, namely an early ripening group (FAO 150), a middle-early ripening group (FAO 200) and a middle ripening group (FAO 300). There was a systematic use of variants in the trials. The weather conditions of the years 2014 and 2018 could be estimated as arid (HTC = 0.32–0.57). The years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2019 were of medium aridity (HTC = 0.58–0.89). The HTC determined only for the entire vegetation period did not allow estimating objectively the growing conditions. There has been required a more detailed analysis of the HTC for the periods (months) of vegetation. On average, over the years of study, the middle ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the largest grain productivity (3.98 t/ha). The early ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the smallest productivity (3.31 t/ha). The middle-early ripening hybrids were characterized with the average value (3.80 t/ha). However, in different years, the maximum grain yields were produced by the hybrids of various groups of ripeness, including by the early ripening varieties, that depended on the amount of HTC in different vegetation periods. There have been identified average positive correlation coefficients between the HTC values and maize hybrids’ productivity (r = 0.64–0.74). The use of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness can stabilize the gross harvest of maize.

scholarly journals Yields of maize hybrids depending on their early ripeness, usage of fertilizer and plant density in the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Palapin ◽  
◽  
M.V. Marchenko ◽  
S.A. Kiryachek ◽  
T.R. Toloraya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Early Ripening

Research results include the study of grain productivity of maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness against the background of fertilizer usage in autumn, nitrogen dressing in spring, and plant density. In the arid 2018, top dressing against the background without fertilization in autumn was more effective; in 2019, early ripening hybrid ‘Krasnodar 194 MV’ provided maximum yield at a rate of 6.05 t/ha when N30P30K60 fertilization was carried out in autumn and N30 top dressing in spring. The average yield (6.30 t/ha) provided early ripening hybrid when plant density was 70 thousand per hectare and fertilizer levels reached N60P60K60. Mid-season hybrid ‘Krasnodar 377 AMV’ under similar plant density and a half-dose of fertilizer led to obtaining maximum yield (7.67 t/ha).

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides on Yield and Yield Components of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. KHAN ◽  
G. HASSAN ◽  
N. MALIK ◽  
R. KHAN ◽  
H. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Hybrid Maize

ABSTRACT Maize crop (Zea mays) is facing lots of problems from different pests throughout Asia, including Pakistan. Weed infestation is one of the serious pests that remarkably decrease the grain yield in maize. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, the trend of maize hybrid cultivation is gaining the attention of the farmers due to its higher production. Therefore, in this research we tested herbicides (Stomp 330 E, Dual gold 960 EC, 2,4-D, ester) in maize hybrids (P-3025, P-32T78, P-3203). The experiment was done in RCB design with split plots arrangement, where maize hybrids were kept in main plots, while herbicides were assigned to the subplots. Each treatment was repeated three times at the New Developmental Farm (NDF), at the Peshawar University of Agriculture, Pakistan. Results revealed that both hybrids and herbicides significantly increased plant height, biological yield and grain yield. However, the lowest weed density (142.50 m-2) was observed in Dual Gold 960 EC treated plots. Similarly, plant height (247.188 cm) and grain yield (2.253 ton ha-1) was maximum in maize hybrid P-3025 and Dual gold treated plots. From the instant experiment, it is concluded that the Dual gold 960 EC herbicide is declared as the best herbicide for weed suppression in maize, while maize hybrid P-3025 was the best hybrid giving maximum yield in the study.

scholarly journals Agroecological estimation of the new soybean lines developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Ashiev ◽  
K. N. Khabibullin ◽  
M. V. Skulova
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Variety Testing

The current paper has presented a material on agroecological estimation of the new soybean lines developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. As a result of the competitive variety testing in 2017–2019, five soybean lines of the middle-early ripening group were selected with a vegetation period less than 120 days, exceeding the standard variety “Don 21” in seed productivity. The temperature and water conditions during the years of study were different, which allowed evaluating the lines in contrasting cultivation conditions. Statistical data processing was carried out by B. A. Dospekhov’s analysis of variance (2012). Agroecological estimation of the new soybean lines was carried out according to S. A. Eberhart and W. A. Russell’s method (1984) and according to V. V. Khangildin’s method (1984). Based on the conducted study, there were identified the lines “L-1016” and “L-1017”, which are characterized by stabile productivity, and the lines “L-1001”, “L-1012” and “L-1013” which are responsive to the improvement of the agricultural background. The identified soybean lines “L-1016” and “L-1017” will be used in future breeding as the sources of adaptability, and the lines “L-1001”, “L-1012” and “L1013” to develop varieties of intensive type. Comparing the time cost, the need for computer technology to carry out calculations according to the methods of agroecological estimation proposed by S. A. Eberhart / W. A. Russell and V. V. Khangildin, the first method is more labor-intensive. According to the first method, the indicators of agroecological estimation must be recalculated if the number of samples changes, since they affect the final result of the calculations, but the second method does not need it. It has been recommended when working with a large number of breeding material to use the method proposed by V. V. Khangildin to speed up math calculations in agroecological estimation.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL TRIALS OF NEW MAIZE HYBRIDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF VARIOUS MOISTURE SUPPLY

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
High Responsiveness ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The article presents the results of ecological trials of ten new maize hybrids developed by the ARC “Donskoy” at six points with different moisture supply. According to grain yields there have been identified such valuable for definite conditions hybrids as: ‘Ze 235’ with 5.0 t/ha and ‘Ze 428’ with 6.55 t/ha (ARC “Donskoy”, Zernograd); ‘Ze 182’ with 9.02 t/ha (ARRI of maize, Pyatigorsk); ‘Ze 286’ with 4.92 t/ha (RCG named after P.P. Lukiyanenko, Krasnodar); ‘Ze 428’ with 7.61 t/ha (RPE “Semenovodstvo Kubani”, v. of Ladozhskaya, Krasnodar Area); ‘Ze 331’ with 10.1 t/ha (Agrofirm “Otbor”, v. of Komsomolsky); ‘Ze 428’ with 6.55 t/ha (RusRC “Rossorgo”, Saratov). For the arid conditions there has been recommended the hybrid ‘Ze 428’ with 5.11 t/ha of grain on average at the points with insufficient moisture supply. For the conditions of sufficien moisture supply there has been recommended the hybrid ‘Ze 331’ with 8.06 t/ha at the points with high moisture supply. The new hybrids ‘Ze 182’, ‘Ze 236’, ‘Ze 285’, ‘Ze 286’, ‘Ze 331’, ‘Ze 332’, ‘Ze 333’, ‘Ze 427’, ‘Ze 428’ have been characterized with high responsiveness on the change of growing conditions, regression coefficient (bi) was 1.42–2.02; the hybrid ‘Ze 235’ is found to be an ecologically adaptable genotype (bi = 1). All hybrids belong to ecologically stable genotypes (σd2=0,13–0,74). The hybrids ‘Ze 235’ and ‘Ze 331’ showed the highest index of drought tolerance (72.7 and 67.3% respectively). The early ripening hybrid ‘Ze 182’ (FAO 180), the middle-ripening hybrid ‘Ze 286’ (FAO 250), the middle ripening hybrid ‘Ze 331’ (FAO 300) and the middle-late hybrid ‘Ze 428’ (FAO 400) are the most promising hybrids for practical use according to such their economic-valuable traits as grain productivity, harvesting moisture of grain, resistance to lodging, resistance to smut viruses and ear attachment height.

scholarly journals Herbicide-Free Technology for Suppressing Weeds on the Crops of Late-Ripening Maize in the Kabardino-Balkaria Steppe Zone

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Sh. Tarchokov ◽  
Dzhuleta A. Tutukova ◽  
Ruslan M. Dugarliev
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Effective Care ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
The Republic

As a result of multi-year research (2015-2017) of effective care techniques in the post-sowing periods, the authors have concluded that it is possible to avoid the expensive use of herbicides to fight weeds of cultivated maize hybrids. Thus when a post-sowing packaging of ZKVG-1.4 was used; inter-row treatments with KRN-5.6 was carried out, additionally equipped with plowshares (sprinkling weeds in protective zones); harrows were weeded (effective combing in the area of crop rows); and irrigation furrows were cut with a ditch-furrow cutter, there was a 75.3-78.9% reduction in weeds, compared with a 78.5-84.3% reduction when chemical weeding was used. This saved up to 0.4 t/ha of Kabardinskaya-3812 and Mashuk-480 SV and up to 0.5 t/ha Krasnodar-620 MV from losses. When weeds were removed manually during the growing season as they appeared on the maize hybrid crops, an average of 0.4-0.6 t/ha were saved. Therefore, there is no need to use expensive herbicides for the crops of maize hybrids Mashuk-480 SV, Krasnodar-620 MV and Kabardinskaya-3812 in the fight against juvenile gramineous bilobated weed infestations. According to the results of our research, a significant alternative is the technologically competent use of all elements of agricultural technology with the obligatory consideration of the species composition of the weeds in each area. In addition, in Kabardino-Balkaria, the irrigated wedge accounts for only 130.7 thousand hectares of arable land out of the total sown area (286.8 thousand hectares). In the Republic, the main areas sown with maize are located on irrigated lands where the biological potential of this crop is realized to the greatest extent. However, it is on irrigated lands that weeds harm the maize crop the most. Therefore, the problem of protecting crops from weeds using cheaper methods for irrigation remains urgent. Keywords: herbicides, weeds, vegetation period, manual weeding, grain productivity, crops harrowing, soil packing

scholarly journals THE NEW MAIZE HYBRID ‘ZERNOGRADSKY 299 MB’ OF GRAIN AND SILAGE USE

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Variety Testing

Changing climatic conditions and the loss of immunity to diseases and pests of the developed varieties make breeding work to create new genotypes of great necessity. The new middle-early maize hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 299 MB’ of universal direction of economic use (for grain and green fodder) has been developed in the “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The hybrid is three-linear; it belongs to the varieties with crown yellow grain Zea mays L. indentata. It possesses high values of the main economically valuable traits. The average grain productivity through 3 years of competitive variety testing (2014–2016) was 5.36 t/ha, the variety yield exceeded the standard variety ‘Zernogradsky 291 AMB’ on 0.41 t/ha (8.3%). The average productivity of green mass is 27.6 t / ha, which is higher than that of the standard variety on 2.4 t/ha (9.5%). The new hybrid is resistant to lodging (2.1% of lodged plants), drought-resistant, resistant to smut on a natural background (0.4% of affected plants), has a high starch percentage (71.9%). In 2018, according to the results of the State Variety Testing, a new hybrid was introduced into the State List and approved for use in the Central Blackearth and NizheVolzhsky regions to cultivate it for grain and green fodder. It has a high potential for grain productivity. The maximum yield (11.23 t/ha) was obtained in the Central Blackearth region on the Oboyansk plot of the Kursk region, which is higher than the standard variety ‘Voronezhsky 279 CB’ on 2.03 t/ha (22.1%) with lower grain harvesting moisture (on 1,6%) than the standard variety.

Productivity of maize hybrids of different FAO groups depending on conditions of irrigation and dosage of fertilizers in the southern steppe of Ukraine

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
T. Glushko
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Aim. To determine optimal doses of mineral fertilizers taking into consideration biological specifi cities of new maize hybrids of different FAO groups in irrigation conditions of the southern Ukraine and to trace their impact on the formation of grain productivity of plants. Methods. The fi eld method was used to study the in- teraction of the investigated object and both experimental and environmental factors via the registration of the yield volume and biometric measurements; the laboratory method was used to determine soil humidity, humidity content in grain and quality indices of grain; the statistical method was used to estimate the reli- ability of the results obtained; and the computational method was used in economic and energetic estimation of the employed cultivation techniques. Results. The yield of maize grain of 13–15.42 t per ha on condition of irrigation and introduction of the estimated amount of mineral fertilizer N 240 P 0 K 0 is registered for hybrids of mid-ripening and middle-late groups – Azov, Krasyliv 357 MB, Sokolov 407 MB, Bystrytsia 400 MB. Without irrigation, the highest yield is remarkable for the hybrids of early-ripening and middle-early groups – Tendra, April 187 MB, Syvash, Orzhytsia 237 MB (grain yield of 3.15–3.39 t per ha). Conclusions. The following hy- brids are recommended for cultivation on condition of irrigation of dark-chestnut soils of the southern steppe of Ukraine: early-ripening Tendra, middle-early – Orzhytsia 237 MB, mid-ripening – Krasyliv 357 MB, and middle-late – Bystrytsia 400 MB, with the introduction of the estimated dose of the mineral fertilizers, defined by the difference between the amount of nutritious elements, required for the formation of productivity of the desired level and their content in the soil of a specific plot.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity In Exotic Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean

An experiment in alpha lattice design with three replication including 39 exotic maize hybrids was conducted at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishuardi, Pabna during Rabi season 2010-11 for analysis the genetic divergence in exotic maize hybrids. The genotypes were grouped in to seven clusters. Cluster VI comprised the maximum genotypes (13) indicating overall genetic similarity among them. The minimum genotype (1) was contained in the cluster III and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster V and III followed by cluster I and III and cluster III and VII suggesting wide diversity between them and the genotypes in these cluster could be used in hybridization program for obtaining a wide spectrum of variation among the segregates. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster VII and the cluster III and V were contained only one genotype and hence, their intra cluster distance was zero. The mean values of cluster IV recorded the highest yield per hectare (11.60 ton/ha) with medium plant height, days to maturity, days to 50% tasseling, silking and shelling percentage. Selection on the basis of plant aspect and ear aspect the genotypes of cluster III ranked first but plant height was high with medium seed size, medium yield, medium shelling percentage and also in late in case of maturity. The mean values of cluster V shown overall medium in case of yield and all yield contributing characters. Qualitative characters contribute maximum towards genetic divergence. Therefore, the genotypes from cluster III, V and VI could be utilized as source materials for getting desirable new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 335-341, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15894

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis Of Potato Genotypes For Genetic Diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arifa Khan ◽  
Shazia Erum ◽  
Naveeda Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Ibrar Shinwari ◽  
Maryum Ibrar Shinwari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Sustainable production of food crops relies on germplasm improvement and genetic diversity that helps to identify appropriate parents, which is very important step in breeding of genotypes having high yield potential for future use. This study was conducted to investigate the extent of genetic diversity using multivariate technique on the basis of qualitative and quantitative traits. An experiment was comprised of 74 exotic genotypes and started at National Agriculture Research Center Islamabad, Pakistan during autumn 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. Data was recorded on qualitative and quantitative traits by following standard procedures and Biplot analysis was used to calculate the significance among the studied quantitative traits to exhibit the strength of relationship between traits. Results showed significant diversity in qualitative traits and quantitative traits. Red, yellowish, brown, light yellow, light brown color tubers were produced. Alike, genotypes produced yellow, cream and white flesh color tubers. Genotypes had oval, round, oblong, elliptic and reform with medium, small and large size tubers. Alike, brown, light brown, dark red and yellow eyes color was noted. In case of quantitative traits, genotypes had high variance regarding plant height, leaf area and number of tubers per lane. Genotypes had very high genetic variance for weight of tuber per plant and weight of tuber per lane while low variance was recorded for germination, number of stem per plant and number of eyes per tuber. Significant positive correlation was observed between number of tubers per plant (TPP) with number of eyes on tubers (r = 0.241) and number of tubers per lane (TPL) (r = 0.349). But negative correlation was noted between number of tubers per plant (TPP) with plant height (r = -246), leaf area (-0.529) and germination (r = -0.283). Plant height was found significantly positive correlated with leaf area (r= 0.456), germination percentage (r = 0.255) and weight of tubers per plant (r = 0.307). Leaf area (LA) showed positive significant correlation with number of tubers per plant (r = 0.466) and weight of tubers per plant (r = 0.263)., yield and harvest index (r = 0.798, 0.755, 0.255). Weight of tubers per lane (WTL) showed positive correlation with weight of tubers per plant (r = 0.387). Regarding the interrelation between the traits and genotypes, the first two principal component axes (PC1, 24.83% and PC2, 23.46%) accounted for about 48.29% of the total variability reflecting the complexity of the variation between the plotted traits of genotypes.

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