Deriving the Final Image Criteria for the Wexler Scale the Jordanian Image of Children's Intelligence for Preschool and Primary Years for the Age Group 4 - 6.5 Years

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Ghadeer Almustafa
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Weighted Score ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Education Groups

The aim of this study is to derive the criteria for the final image of the Wexler scale, the Jordanian image of children's intelligence for pre-school and primary school for the age group 4 - 6.5 years. The study population consists of all children in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan for the age group 4 - 6.5 years. The sample of the study consisted of (1491) tests distributed by gender, age group, special education groups and the area of residence for the years 2016-2019, who were chosen in a stratified randomized manner, as the study tool was used, which is the Wexler scale of children's intelligence for pre-school, the Jordanian image. The indications of the validity of the scale were reached through the validity of the content and the correlative validity, as the correlation coefficient between the Wexler-Binet scale of intelligence reached the Jordanian image (0.71) and the illustrated IQ scale (0.72). Factor analysis found that there are two factors (verbal, performance) explain (50.98) of the total variance. As for the results of the discriminatory honesty, it showed statistically significant differences between ordinary children and special education groups in favor of ordinary children. The results also showed the existence of statistically significant differences according to the age group and in favor of older age. There were also indications of the stability of the scale by the half-segmentation method and the stability by the internal consistency method, where the reliability coefficients ranged between (0.86 - 0.89) for the sub-measures and (0.92) for the total degree. The criteria for the final image of the scale were also derived by converting the raw score to a weighted score for the sub-tests and then to a mean deviation intelligence ratio of 100 and its deviation 15. The study recommended the use of the Wexler scale in evaluating children for pre-school and primary school and taking appropriate decisions.

Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls Living in Rural Border Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Ravinder K Gupta ◽  
Vallabh Dogra ◽  
Himani Badyal
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Border Areas

Objective: To study the various beliefs and problems regarding menstruation among adolescent girls living in rural border areas. Design- Prospective study. Setting- Pediatric outpatient clinic. Materials and methods- About 200 adolescent girls (11-19 years) living in rural border areas were enrolled for the study. These girls were asked about menarche, duration of the cycle, amount of blood loss and the various menstrual problems. They were also asked about the various beliefs and myths regarding menstruation. The girls having any illness affecting the menstrual cycle or those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded from this study. Results- About 51% of the study population was in the age group 17-18 years. About 43.5% of girls attained menarche at the age of 10-12 years. About 51% of girls did not know about menstruation before menarche. Abdominal pain was the most common side effect seen in 41% of girls during menstruation. About 61% of girls considered themselves unclean during menstruation.  Twenty percent avoided schools, 20% avoided kitchen, 12% avoided temples while 10% stayed away from friends/ relatives. Only 33% of girls knew that menstruation stops temporarily after becoming pregnant. Twenty-two percent girls were using sanitary napkins while the rest used different types of clothes during the menstrual cycle. Conclusion- There is a dire need to educate girls regarding menstruation before menarche in the rural border areas. Every mother should discuss in a friendly way regarding various aspects of menstruation.

scholarly journals Validation of the Japanese Version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—Revised: A Preliminary Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Hirohito Tsuboi ◽  
Yui Takakura ◽  
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi ◽  
Sakae Miyagi ◽  
Keita Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Study Population

To make the Japanese version of the CESD-R—a revised version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale (CES-D)—in the assessment of depressive symptoms in a general population. The English version of CESD-R was translated into Japanese, and back-translated into English by three native speakers of Japanese and English; then, we selected the version most completely consistent with the original items. The CESD-R was applied to 398 community-dwelling people (191 men: 48.0%, and 207 women: 52.0%) who were over 40 years old. The Japanese version of the CES-D was also carried out in the same population. Factor analysis was performed. Additionally, the correlations between the CESD-R and CES-D results were identified. The CESD-R scores showed a significantly positive correlation with CES-D scores (r = 0.74, p < 0.0005). Analysis of the CESD-R yielded a Cronbach’s alpha result of 0.90. Factor analysis revealed one principal factor in the CESD-R, whereas the original CES-D had two factors because of reversed items. The Japanese version of the CESD-R appears to have the reliability to be applicable for assessing depressive symptoms in population-based samples. However, because the Japanese expressions for some items might be unusual, our study population was also limited; further studies on other populations and on incorporating improved Japanese terminology will be needed.

scholarly journals Influence of Calving Ease on In-Line Milk Lactose and Other Milk Components

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Dovilė Malašauskienė ◽  
Mindaugas Televičius ◽  
Mingaudas Urbutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Lactose Concentration ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Group 2

The aim of our study was to determine how the ease of calving of cows may influence changes in lactose concentration and other milk components and whether these two factors correlate with each other. To achieve this, we compared data of calving ease scores and average percentage of in-line registered milk lactose and other milk components. A total of 4723 dairy cows from nine dairy farms were studied. The cows were from the second to the fourth lactation. All cows were classified according to the calving ease: group 1 (score 1)—no problems; group 2 (score 2)—slight problems; group 3 (score 3)—needed assistance; group 4 (score 4)—considerable force or extreme difficulty. Based on the data from the milking robots, during complete lactation we recorded milk indicators: milk yield MY (kg/day), milk fat (MF), milk protein (MP), lactose (ML), milk fat/lactose ratio (MF/ML), milk protein/lactose ratio (MP/ML), milk urea (MU), and milk electrical conductivity (EC) of all quarters of the udder. According to the results, we found that cows that had no calving difficulties, also had higher milk lactose concentration. ML > 4.7% was found in 58.8% of cows without calving problems. Cows with more severe calving problems had higher risk of mastitis (SCC and EC). Our data indicates that more productive cows have more calving problems compared to less productive ones.

scholarly journals National Surveillance of Injury in the Republic of Korea: Increased Injury Vulnerability in the Late Middle Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1210
Author(s):  
Hansol Chang ◽  
Ji Young Min ◽  
Dajeong Yoo ◽  
Se Uk Lee ◽  
Sung Yeon Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Injury Outcomes

Surveillance of injury patterns and comparisons among different age groups help develop a better understanding of recent injury trends and early prevention. This study conducted a national surveillance of injury by age group. Data were collected retrospectively from Emergency Department-Based Injury In-Depth Surveillance (EDIIS) in South Korea, between January 2011 and December 2017. Patients were divided into the following four groups by age: Group 1–18 to 34 years, Group 2–35 to 49 years, Group 3–50 to 64 years, and Group 4—≥65 years. A total of 1,221,746 patients were included in the study. Findings revealed that, each year, the injury rate increased in the population aged ≥65 years. The place and mechanism of injury in Group 3 were similar to those in younger age groups, while injury outcomes and injured body parts were similar to those in Group 4. Further, hospital admission rate, ICU admission rate, hospital death, traumatic brain injury, and injury severity increased with an increase in age. In our study, each age group showed diverse characteristics pertaining to the mechanism, place, time, and outcomes of injuries. Interestingly, Group 3, which represented the late middle age, exhibited increased vulnerability to injury, and emerged as a gray zone between the young and old age groups. Therefore, different injury prevention methods are needed for each age group. Specifically, early prevention methods need to be implemented from the late middle age to improve the old age group’s injury outcomes.

scholarly journals Comparison of Prevalence of Periodontitis with Different Indices in Population of District Ghaziabad

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 023-030
Author(s):  
Vimal Kumar ◽  
Pallak Arora ◽  
Manish Khatri ◽  
Shivani Sharma ◽  
Sumit Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease with different indices. Methods & materials: The study population consisted of multistage stratified random sample of 1300 subjects from total population of district Ghaziabad. A cross-sectional study was conducted with multi stage stratified random sampling techniques to select the sample population. The subjects were divided into different age groups and the periodontal assessment was made on the basis of CPITN index and ESI Index. Results: The CPITN has shown to estimate incorrect periodontal disease prevalence because of its underestimation of the disease severity. A huge difference was noticed in the prevalence rate of periodontitis when subjects were examined with ESI index. Conclusion Periodontal disease was found to be highly prevalent in the study population and severity of disease increased with age. More number of subjects in younger age group were found to be healthy.

The yeast UME5 gene regulates the stability of meiotic mRNAs in response to glucose

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 3446-3458
Author(s):  
R T Surosky ◽  
R Strich ◽  
R E Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Transcript Stability ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Genetic Epistasis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Acetate Medium

We reported previously that early meiotic transcripts are highly unstable. These mRNAs exhibit half-lives of approximately 3 min when expressed during vegetative growth in glucose medium and are stabilized twofold during sporulation in acetate medium. Two genes, UME2 and UME5, that regulate the stability of meiosis-specific transcripts have been identified. The wild-type UME5 gene, which has been analyzed in detail, decreases the stability of all meiotic mRNAs tested approximately twofold when expressed during vegetative growth but has no effect on the half-lives of a number of vegetative mRNAs examined. The UME5 gene is dispensable for mitotic and meiotic development. Cells in which the entire UME5 gene has been deleted are viable, although the generation time is slightly longer and sporulation is less efficient. The UME5 transcript is constitutively expressed, and its stability is not autoregulated. The UME5 gene encodes a predicted 63-kDa protein with homology to the family of CDC28 serine/threonine-specific protein kinases. The kinase activity appears to be central to the function of the UME5 protein, since alteration of a highly conserved amino acid in the kinase domain results in a phenotype identical to that of a ume5 deletion. Genetic epistasis studies suggest that the UME2 and UME5 gene products act in the same pathway to regulate meiotic transcript stability. This pathway is independent of deadenylation and translation, two factors known to be important in regulating mRNA turnover. Significantly, the UME5-mediated destabilization of meiotic mRNAs occurs in glucose- but not in acetate-containing medium. Thus, the UME5 gene appears to participate in a glucose signal transduction pathway governing message stability.

Naturalists’ Hike As a New Form of Environmental Education for Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Golovina ◽  
I. Filatova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Environmental Literacy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
New Form ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Natural Communities

The article highlights the experience of conducting a naturalist hike - a new form of organizing environmental education for preschoolers and primary schoolchildren. The purpose of the trip, carried out in the form of a travel game, meets the requirements for the formation of environmental literacy in children of this age group, which are stated in the standards of preschool and primary school education. Game “What can you see in a pine forest?” is intended to enrich the sensory experience of children in the process of observing plants and animals of the forest, to acquaint them with observation as a method of studying natural communities, to develop a cognitive interest in the flora and fauna of their native land, to foster a desire to protect the forest and its inhabitants by participating in nature conservation activities. The article is intended for preschool teachers, primary school teachers, and additional education specialists.

scholarly journals Systemic glucocorticoid usage in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK: prevalence and risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa A Elkholly ◽  
Dan O’Neill ◽  
Andrea K Wright ◽  
Kennedy Mwacalimba ◽  
Laura S Nolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Systemic Glucocorticoid ◽  
Oral Preparation ◽  
Systemic Glucocorticoids ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
The Uk ◽  
To Receive

Glucocorticoids are widely used in primary care veterinary practices. The study aimed to quantify the usage of systemic glucocorticoids (SGC) in dogs in the UK using primary care treatment records recorded during 2013 in the VetCompass Programme. From a study population of 455 557 dogs, 28 472 dogs (6.2 per cent, 95 per cent CI 6.2 to 6.3) received a total of 50 971 SGC therapy events in 2013. Prednisolone represented the most frequently used oral preparation (27 362 events, 90.0 per cent of oral events). Dexamethasone sodium phosphate was the most commonly used injectable agent (12 796 events, 62.7 per cent of injectable events). The most common breed treated was Staffordshire Bull Terriers (2236/28 472 dogs, 7.9 per cent, 95 per cent CI 7.5 to 8.2) and within-breed prevalence of SGC usage was 2236/32 635, 6.9 per cent, 95 per cent CI 6.6 to 7.1. The most commonly treated age group was dogs older than eight years (8931/28472, 31.4 per cent) and the most commonly treated bodyweight group was 10.01–20.0 kg (7918/28 472, 27.8 per cent). Dexamethasone and prednisolone were the most commonly prescribed SGC. Short-acting and intermediate-acting injectable SGC were more commonly used compared with long-acting injectable SGC. Older and medium size dogs were most likely to receive SGC and certain breeds appeared predisposed. These data can provide a useful benchmark for glucocorticoid usage and highlight the benefits from ‘Big Data’ analyses.

Revolution without regime change: The evidence from the post-Euromaidan Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Matsiyevsky
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Operational Code ◽  
Formal And Informal Institutions ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hybrid Regime ◽  
Formal Procedures

What effects does a revolution have on the stability or change of a hybrid regime? Has the Ukraine’s regime changed since the 2014 revolution? To answer these questions I examine the changes in formal and informal institutions and the quantitative and qualitative composition of elites after the change of power in Ukraine in 2014. I argue that despite greater than in the post-orange period quantitative renewal of elites, qualitative change has not occurred. Meanwhile, the old operational code, or modus operandi, of elites’ political culture, composed of clientelism, secretive deals and quota based nominations to government positions continues to operate. The lack of elites’ renewal and the dominance of informal rules over formal procedures — two factors that keep the institutional core of Ukraine’s hybrid regime unchanged.

scholarly journals Prevalence of STHs (Soil transmitted helminthes) of school children in Sadar upazila, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Md Mahamudur Rahman ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Paul ◽  
Salma Ahmed ◽  
Md Murshed Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Mcmaster Method

Soil transmitted helminthes (STHs) infections are common throughout the tropics and subtropics and represents a major public health problem in developing countries. The rate of STHs infection found in the present study was very high in comparison to other countries of this Subcontinent, though they are taking antihelmintics every 6 months interval under Government National Health Program. The present study was carried out to see the Prevalence of STHs infection among the school children in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. A total of 500 stool samples from healthy individuals were collected during April, 2012 to February, 2013 from 20 schools comprising 10 rural and 10 urbans under Sadar upazila, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The samples were examined in the department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College using saline and iodine preparation microscopy and McMaster technique for the detection of ova of STHs.  The STHs prevalence irrespective of the age and sex of the individuals were 37.0% (185) out of 500 specimens where 68.0% (340/500) individuals were male represents the prevalence 38.0% (129/340) and 32.0% (160/500) individuals were female represents the prevalence 35.0% (56/160). Majority of the cases belonged to the age group >5-10 years 50.2% (251/500) of the total, constituted the prevalence 20.2% (101/500) of the total population and 40.2% (101/251) of the individual age group. The distribution of different STHs with their prevalence in the study population where Ascaris lumbricoides (AL) was 63.8% (118), Trichuris trichiura (TT) 37.3% (69), Enterobius vermicularis (EV) 8.1% (15), Ancylostoma duodenale (AD) 7.5% (14), and mixed infection was 15.1% (28). The upper socio-economic class constituted 5.0% (25/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 20.0% (5/25). The middle socio-economic class constituted 50.0% (250/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 37.2% (93/250) and the lower socio-economic class constituted 45.0% (225/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 38.6% (87/225). The urban population constituted 34.0% (170/500) of the total population representing the prevalence 31.2 % (53/170) and rural population constituted 66.0% (330/500) of the total population representing the prevalence 40.0% (132/330).  In this study, STHs detection by McMaster method was satisfactory. Thereby, McMaster method could be adapted for rapid detection and quantification of STHs. Moreover, one more frequent administration of antihelmintics with close monitoring of drug administration may reduce the prevalence of STHs infection in Bangladesh. CBMJ 2018 January: Vol. 07 No. 01 P: 04-09

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document