STUDY ON HOSPITAL INFECTION AND RELATED FACTORS IN PHU YEN PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL IN 2011

2011 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Infection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
General Internal ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Neurological Surgery

Background: Data on hospital infection and related factors are really necessary to have a strategy to reduce hospital infection. Aim: assessing the hospital infection situation in Phu Yen hospital. Method: cross study on the situation of hospital infection in Phu Yen province hospital in 2011. Results and conclusion: The prevalence rate of hospital infection is 5.6%, in which male patients accounted for 57.1% and female patients are 42.9%, in which wound infections are 28.6%, respiratory tract infections are 25,0%, blood infections is 21.4%, infected burns are 10.7%, skin and soft tissue infections 7,1%, neonatal infections and urinary tract infections are 3,6%. Hospital infections related to the time in hospital. The patients that are hospital infections stay in hospital longer. Hospital infection rates is highest in infants that was 12.5%, followed by the 1-15 age group that was 7.9% and group above 60 years was 7.0%. The departments have hospital infection in high rate are emergency (58.8%), surgical trauma, surgical burns and neurological surgery are 13.3%, 8.0% of patients in general surgery department are hospital infections, that was 5.3% in medical services, 4.5% in neonatal department, 1.5% in obstetrics and 1.2% in general internal department.

scholarly journals Post-Operative Pain After Knee Arthroscopy and Related Factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.I Drosos ◽  
N.I Stavropoulos ◽  
A Katsis ◽  
K Kesidis ◽  
K Kazakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Pain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Tourniquet Time ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Diagnostic Arthroscopy ◽  
Independent Observations ◽  
Male Patients

The aim of this study was to explore the intensity of post-arthroscopy knee pain during the first 24 hours, and to study the influence of pre-operative pain, tourniquet time and amount of surgical trauma on post-arthroscopy pain. In 78 male patients that underwent elective arthroscopic menisectomy or diagnostic arthroscopy of the knee, preoperative and post-operative pain were registered using the Visual Analogue Scale. Variance for repeated measures and for independent observations was analysed. Supplementary analgesia was required for 23% of the patients, more often in the recovery room and between 2 and 8 hours postoperatively. Of all factors analyzed, only time was statistically significant in determining the level of post-operative pain. Supplementary analgesia was required only in patients that underwent operative arthroscopy, and more often in patients with tourniquet time of more than 40 minutes. In conclusions, post-operative time is the most significant factor related to the post-arthroscopy knee pain.

HOSPITAL INFECTION IN SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Dinh Tan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: To study nosocomial infections and identify the main agents causing hospital infections at Hue University Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 385 patients with surgical interventions. Results: The prevalence of hospital infections was 5.2%, surgical site infection was the most common (60%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (35%), urinary tract infections (5%). Surgical site infection (11.6%) in dirty surgery. There were 3 bacterial pathogens isolated, including Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcusspp (25%). Conclusion: Surgical site infection was high in hospital-acquired infections. Key words: hospital infections, surgical intervention, surgical site infection, bacteria

scholarly journals First Study of the Prevalence and Characterization of Brachial Plexus Injuries in Guatemala

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. e46-e50
Author(s):  
Carmen Joanna González Lemus ◽  
Fernando Xavier Romero Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Brachial Plexus Injury ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Surgery Department

Abstract Objective This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of brachial plexus injuries and to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients with brachial plexus injury. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 2,923 medical records of patients aged 1 to 64 years who presented at outpatient peripheral nerve unit of the Orthopedic Surgery Department of Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala, from January 2017 to December 2017, were prospectively analyzed to identify the prevalence and factors associated with brachial plexus injuries. Results The prevalence rate of brachial plexus injuries in patients was 5.74%. This injury is more common in men (90.5%) aged 24 to 64 years. Brachial plexus injuries occurred secondary to motorcycle accident in 72% of the cases, with the majority affecting the dominant upper extremity. In addition, 64.28% of the patients took 1 to 6 months to seek consultation, whereas only 16.07% requested medical assistance <1 month from the onset of symptoms, and this result was associated with early diagnosis and adequate recovery during follow-up. Furthermore, 66.67% presented upper brachial plexus injury with no associated fractures or vascular injury, manifesting distress while performing daily activities that required hand, arm, and elbow movements. Conclusion The risk of suffering BPIs in Guatemala increases in economically active male patients that use motorcycles as main mode of transportation. Patients should consult immediately after injury onset to optimize management results. For this reason, hospitals must develop specialized clinical guidelines to speed up the identification and treatment of BPI injuries.

In memory of Georgiy Nicolaevich Tsibulyak

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
I. M. Samokhvalov ◽  
V. I. Badalov ◽  
N. A. Tiniankin ◽  
P. P. Liashedko ◽  
K. P. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Traumatic Shock ◽  
Gold Medal ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Terminal State ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Senior Lecturer ◽  
War Surgery ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Surgery Department

The biography of colonel of Medical Corps, professor Georgiy Nicolaevich Tsibuliak (19322020) is presented. In 1956 G.N. Tsibuliak graduated from the Kirov Military Academy being awarded with gold medal. When being a cadet, he got actively engaged in research. In 1961 G.N. Tsibuliak defended candidates dissertation on the injury treatment in casualties damaged by ionizing radiation, took part in the study of multiple injuries occurring in atomic tests. After graduating from the medical residency he stayed in War Surgery department of the Academy, was eventually assigned as a senior lecturer, the head of the research laboratory carrying out the study of shock and terminal state. In1966 he defended a doctorate in pathogenesis, clinical findings and treatment of tetanus. G.N. Tsibuliak became one of the leading advocates for the concept of traumatic shock in individuals. This fact that at present emergency physicians and surgeons dealing with traumatic shock consider to be an axiom, is scientifically based, and was gained through hard routine work in treating severely injured casualties. From 1976 to 1982 Georgiy Nicolaevich was Surgeon-in-Chief in Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. In 19901993 he was in charge of research laboratory dealing with combat surgical trauma in the Academy. Since 1993 G.N. Tsibuliak had retired from active duty, holding the position of a professor at the War Surgery department. He is the author of more than 200 scientific papers, including 7 monographs. G.N. Tsibuliak was closest associate of A.N. Berkutov in studying traumatic shock in casualties, took an active part in formation of a new clinical specialty resuscitation.

scholarly journals Assessing longitudinal and cross-sectional effects of age on adult obesity in an Iranian population: results from a large population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Rafiee Alhossaini ◽  
Anoshirvan Kazemnejad ◽  
Farid Zayeri ◽  
Masoumeh Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Background Obesity is a significant risk factor for Noncommunicable diseases, and it is related to many adverse health consequences. The risk of obesity commonly changes with age, which is called a longitudinal or aging effect. Also, individuals born or enter to the study of the same age have similar living conditions that may influence their obesity risk in a particular way; this is a cross-sectional effect. In the current study, an advanced statistical model is used to distinguish between longitudinal and cross-sectional effects of age on the risk of obesity for men and women. Methods Participants are a group of 6504 Iranian adults over 35 years of age in 2001, who live in the central region of Iran. They were followed up for 12 years in a large community-based study. Various medical indexes, including Body Mass Index, were collected in 2001, 2007, and 2013. The Marginal Logistic Regression model, which includes linear and quadratic effects of the Baseline Age and its difference with current age, is used. Results Between 2001 and 2013, the prevalence of obesity raised from 13% to 18% in men and from 31% to 44% in women. The odds of obesity for women was approximately three times the odds of obesity for men on average adjusting for the age effects. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age were significantly associated with the odds ratio of obesity. There was a rise in the prevalence of obesity for individuals with Baseline Age 35 to 55 and a decline thereafter. Also, the odds ratio of obesity across one’s life course, had about 3% increase, on average, by each year aging, regardless of the age at baseline. Conclusions The high rate of obesity and its fast growth is a serious public health issue among Iranians, especially in adults age 35-55, and women. In the present study, Baseline Age was more strongly associated with the risk of obesity than aging. Considering both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age, helps us to understand the effect of age on obesity better and to identify the related factors.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGY, BACTERIAL PROFILE, AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN SANA’A AND DHAMAR CITY, YEMEN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Y. Al-Haifi ◽  
Abdul Salam Mohamed Al Makdad ◽  
Mohammed Kassim Salah ◽  
Hassan A. Al-Shamahy ◽  
Wadee Abdullah Abdulwahid Al Shehari
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
E Mail

Objectives:  Lower respiratory infections (LRTIs) are the leading reason of death infectious diseases in the world and the fifth leading cause of death in general. The study aimed to identify the general characteristics of LRTI, the causative bacteria and the results of sensitivity to antibiotics. Subjects and methods:  A multicentre prospective study was performed at 3 University hospitals. The study included 555 clinical diagnostic cases as LRTI cases, 328 male and 227 female, aged 3 to 69 years. Clinical and demographic data were collected in the standard questionnaire, and samples included sputum or bronchial lavage (BAL) staining and culture. Samples were cultured in 3 different bacterial media, blood agar and LJ slope, chocolate agar with Co2; cultures were then examined for possible bacterial pathogens of LRTI. Possible bacterial pathogens were isolated and identified by standard laboratory techniques, and microbial sensitivity testing was carried out by disc diffusion method. Results:  LRTI was recorded among all age groups and with less frequency in children less than 16 years of age. A large number of LRTI (36.2%) was not diagnosed, most in CAP (52.4%), followed by HAP (33.9%) while unidentified cases were lower in AECOPD (22.8%). CAP isolates are K. pneumoniae (26.2%), S. pyogens (12.3%), and S. pneumoniae (9%); in HAP are MSSA (24%), E. Coli (12.9%), MRAS (11.1%), K. pneumoniae (10.5%) and P. aeruginosa (7%); and in AECOPD are M. catarrhalis (47.2%), K. pneumoniae (17.2%), H. influnzae (10.7%) and P. aeruginosa (2%). In Gram-positive bacteria, high resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam (100%) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (100%) was recorded, while moderate resistance to amikacin, vancomycin, cefepime and moxifloxacin was recorded. In Gram-negative bacteria, a high resistance to 3rd g Cephalosporin’s  (68.5%) was recorded, while a moderate sensitivity to the other antibiotics tested was recorded. Conclusion:  There is a high rate of undiagnosed LRTI in Yemen and this highlights the need for health authorities to develop strategies to diagnose most of the causes of LRTI, including Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, and viral causes. No antibiotics are completely effective in treating LRTI in our area and antibiotic sensitivity should be performed in all cases. Peer Review History: Received 22 April 2019; Revised 4 May; Accepted 9 May, Available online 15 May 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Michael Otakhor Erhunmwunse Affiliation: St. Philomena Catholic Hospital, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected]   Name: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly Affiliation: Princess Nourah bint abdulrahman university, Riyadh E-mail: [email protected] Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: BIOFILM FORMATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF UROPATHOGENS IN PATIENTS WITH CATHETER ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN IBB CITY -YEMEN PREVALENCE, ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN AND RISK FACTORS OF MRSA ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SPECIMENS AMONG MILITARY PATIENTS AT 48 MEDICAL COMPOUND IN SANA'A CITY-YEMEN

scholarly journals MECHANISM OF ACTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CERTAIN ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS IN CORRELATION WITH THEIR ACTIVITY ON SELECTED MICROORGANISMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
Biljana Gjorgjeska ◽  
Dino Karpicarov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

Antiseptics and disinfectants represent a large group of compounds such as: alcohols, aldehydes, acid and base compounds, anilides, biguanides, diamidines, halogen release agents, heavy metals and their compounds, peroxygens, phenols, bis–phenols, halophenols, quaternary ammonium compounds and volatile compounds for sterilization. Both antiseptics and disinfectants are labeled as biocides which are compounds that have the ability to destroy microorganisms or prevent their growth, development and reproduction. Usually, when referring to biocides that inhibit growth, other terms may be more specific, such as “–static” and when referring to biocides that kill the target microorganism the term “–cidal” is often used. These chemical compounds have different effects depending on the concentration in which they are used. The main difference between antiseptics and disinfectants is the place of application. As such, antiseptics remove microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites that have varying degree of pathogenicity and virulence) from living tissues while disinfectants remove the same type of microorganisms from variety of objects and equipment, or to remove pathogens from the immediate environment. The action of antiseptics and disinfectants is due to mutual reaction with the cell surface of the microorganisms, followed by their penetration into the cells and the influence on a certain target area. As a result of that, antiseptics and disinfectants are an integral part of the practices for controlling infections and preventing the occurrence of intra–hospital infections. One of the biggest problems facing modern medicine is the occurrence of the intra–hospital (inpatient, nosocomial) infections. These infections can be defined as localized or generalized infections caused by microorganisms acquired during hospitalization. More specifically, an intra–hospital infection is one for which there is no evidence that the infection was present or incubating at the time of a hospital admission. In fact, these infections can result from inappropriate use of antiseptics and disinfectants. To be used in hospital conditions, antiseptics and disinfectants must meet several criteria: easy to use; non–volatile; not harmful to equipment, staff or patients; free from unpleasant smells and effective within a relatively short time.The goals of this study are to present the most common microorganisms that cause the occurrence of intra–hospital infections; to present the characteristics and mechanisms of action of the most frequently used antiseptics and disinfectants in hospital conditions; to give guidance as to which antiseptic or disinfectant would be most suitable for use against the microorganism which occurs in the function of the causative agent of the intra–hospital infection. The establishment of such an approach is crucial because it is necessary to know which antiseptic or disinfectant has the greatest activity against the microorganism which is the cause of the intra–hospital (nosocomial) infection. As a result of that, the incidence of intra–hospital infections will be minimized.

scholarly journals Pregnancies and Neonatal Outcomes in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD): Still a (High-)Risk Constellation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Pia Proske ◽  
Laura Distelmaier ◽  
Carmen Aramayo-Singelmann ◽  
Nikolaos Koliastas ◽  
Antonella Iannaccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Acute Chest Syndrome ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: This monocentric study conducted at the University Hospital of Essen aims to describe maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes in sickle cell disease (SCD) documented between 1996 to 2021 (N = 53), reflecting the largest monocentric analysis carried out in Germany. Methods/Results: 46 pregnancies in 22 patients were followed. None of the patients died. In total, 35% (11/31) of pregnancies were preterm. 15 pregnancies in eight patients were conceived on hydroxycarbamide (HC), of which nine had a successful outcome and three were terminated prematurely. There was no difference regarding the rate of spontaneous abortions in patients receiving HC compared to HC-naive patients prior to conception. In patients other than HbS/C disease, pregnancies were complicated by vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs)/acute pain crises (APCs) (96%, 23/24); acute chest syndrome (ACS) (13%, 3/24), transfusion demand (79%, 19/24), urinary tract infections (UTIs) (42%, 10/24) and thromboembolic events (8%, 2/24). In HbS/C patients complications included: VOCs/APCs (43%, 3/7; ACS: 14%, 1/7), transfusion demand (14%, 1/7), and UTIs (14%, 1/7). Independent of preterm deliveries, a significant difference with respect to neonatal growth in favor of neonates from HbS/C mothers was observed. Conclusion: Our data support the results of previous studies, highlighting the high rate of maternal and fetal/neonatal complications in pregnant SCD patients.

Hospital Infections

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Patchen Dellinger ◽  
Heather L. Evans ◽  
Erik G. Van Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Postoperative Fever ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
Risk Detection ◽  
Mediastinal Infection ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Device Associated Infection ◽  
Tract Infections

Nosocomial infections are a threat to all hospitalized patients. They can increase morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and costs and occur in almost every body site. This review features an algorithmic approach to the risk, detection, and treatment of nosocomial infections. Respiratory infections include pneumonia, tracheitis or tracheobronchitis, paranasal sinusitis, and otitis media. Operative site or injury-related infections include those occurring in wounds, the intra-abdominal space, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), empyema, posttraumatic meningitis, osteomyelitis, and sternal and mediastinal infection. A review of intravascular device--associated infection focuses on catheter-related bacteremia and its management. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and enteric infections are also considered. Enteric infections and transfusion-associated infections are covered in depth, reviewing the most important recent advances and studies. A discussion of postoperative fever addresses the magnitude and incidence of hospital infections, UTIs, and catheter duration and pathogens typically involved and considers the associated costs and the risks of acquiring a nosocomial infection. This review contains 5 figures, 1 table,1 algorithm, and 292 references.

Urinary Retention Following General Anesthesia for Endoscopic Nasal Surgery in Men Aged Over 60 Years: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Won Lee ◽  
Bum Sik Kim ◽  
Jihyun Chung
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Nasal Surgery ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Endoscopic Nasal Surgery

Abstract Background: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) after anesthesia and surgery is influenced by many factors, and its reported incidence rate varies widely. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and risk factors for urinary retention following general anesthesia for endoscopic nasal surgery in male patients aged over 60 years. Methods: Retrospective review of medical records between January 2015 and December 2019 identified 253 subjects for inclusion in our study. Age, body mass index, history of diabetes/hypertension, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, and urologic history were included as patient-related factors. Urologic history was subdivided into three groups according to history of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)/lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and current medication. The following were analyzed as perioperative variables for the development of POUR: duration of anesthesia and surgery; amount of fluid administered; rate of fluid administration; intraoperative requirement for fentanyl, ephedrine, and dexamethasone; postoperative pain; and analgesic use. Preoperatively measured prostate size and uroflowmetry parameters of patients on medication for symptoms were compared according to the incidence of urinary retention.Results: Thirty-seven patients (15.7%) had urinary retention requiring catheterization. Among analyzed variables, only urologic history was identified as a predisposing factor. The incidence rate among patients without urologic issues was 5.9%. This compared to 19.8% among patients with a history of BPH/LUTS, which was not reduced by taking medical treatment. Among patients taking medication for symptoms, the maximal and average velocity of urine flow were significantly lower in subjects with POUR. Conclusions: General anesthesia for endoscopic nasal surgery is a potent trigger of urinary retention in male patients aged over 60 years. The urological history of the patient was the most important risk factor, and the occurrence of POUR appears to be affected by urinary conditions. The present study is helpful in understanding the occurrence of POUR following general anesthesia in elderly male patients.

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