scholarly journals Effect of fish feeds with high vegetable oil and low fish oil content on the growth performance and innate immune system of common carp (preliminary results)

2009 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
László Ardó ◽  
Galina Jeney ◽  
András Rónyai ◽  
István Csengeri
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Fish Feeds

Fish meal and fish oil are very important components of fish feeds used by aquaculture. They contain poly-unsaturated fatty acids, which are essential nutrients both for fish and human nutrition. However, sources of fish meal and fish oil are limited, there is a need for new feed components to supply the increasing fish production and the increasing demand for fish feed. The aim of AQUAMAX project, supported by the European Union is to replace the fish meal and fish oil with vegetable oils. As a participant of this project, group of immunology in ResearchInstitute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation (HAKI) examined the effect of three different fish feeds on the growth performance, innate immune response and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection of common carp in an in vivo experiment. Fish feed supplemented with Camelina oil, but still containing fish oil significantly increased growth performance of experimental fish and their resistance against the infection. Fish feed containing linseed oil only did not enhance the growth performance, and it had a negative effect on resistance against infection. Based on the experimental results it can be concluded that fish oil used in fish feeds cannot be replaced effectively with vegetable oils, but can be supplemented with them. 

scholarly journals Development of farmed fish: a nutritionally necessary alternative to meat

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Sargent ◽  
A. G. J. Tacon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Fish Feeds

The projected stagnation in the catch from global fisheries and the continuing expansion of aquaculture is considered against the background that fishmeal and fish oil are major feed stocks for farmed salmon and trout, and also for marine fish. The dietary requirement of these farmed fish for high-quality protein, rich in essential amino acids, can be met by sources other than fishmeal. However, the highly-polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) present in high concentrations in fish oil are essential dietary constituents for marine fish and highly-desirable dietary constituents for salmonids. Currently, there is no feasible alternative source to fish oil for these nutrients in fish feeds. Vegetable oils rich in linoleic acid (18:2n-6) can partially substitute for 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 in salmonid and marinefish feeds. However, this is nutritionally undesirable for human nutrition because the healthpromoting effects of fish-derived 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 reflect a very high intake of 18:2n-6 relative to linolenic acid (18:3n-3) in Western diets. If partial replacement of fish oils in fish feeds with vegetable oils becomes necessary in future, it is argued that 18:3n-3-rich oils, such as linseed oil, are the oils of choice because they are much more acceptable lrom a human nutritional perspective, especially given the innate ability of freshwater fish, including salmonids, to convert dietary 18:3n-3 to 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3. In the meantime, a more judicious use of increasinglyexpensive fish oil in aquaculture is recommended. High priorities in the future development of aquaculture are considered to be genetic improvement of farmed fish stocks with enhanced abilities to convert C18 to C20 and C22n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, enhanced development of primary production of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 by single-cell marine organisms, and continuing development of new species.

scholarly journals Assessment of growth performance of African catfish (Clariasgariepinus) fed with feed produced from blend of pigeon pea (Cajanuscajan) bambara groundnut (Vignasubterranea) and fish meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
C.N. Ishiwu ◽  
A.G. Opara ◽  
J.E. Obiegbuna ◽  
P.A. Okeke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Fish Feeds

A 3-factor -factorial experiment (2K) was designed to produce fish feeds from mixture of pigeon pea, bambara groundnut and fish meal as major ingredients, while maize, red palm oil, salt and micro nutrient pre-mix were added as minor ingredients. The raw materials were processed into flours. The ingredients were weighed out in various ratios and mixed. The mixture was extruded; sun-dried and packaged and labeled F1-F8 and a commercial feed labeled F9 served as control. The feeds were feed to juvenile Clariasgariepinus kept in 9 separate plastic bowels and fed for 42 days. The forty-five fish of uniform weight and age were grouped into 9 and stocked in the nine artificial ponds, each pond contained five fish. The feeds were analyzed for proximate composition, while the growth performance of the fish was evaluated at the end of the feeding period. Result showed that F3 (20g pigeon pea, 20g Bambara ground nut and 16g fish meal) contains the highest protein (33.14 %) and F1(20g pigeon pea, 30g bambara ground nut and 16g fish meal) the least (23.13 %). F3 exhibited the highest specific growth rate (1.14 %) followed by the F9 (control) which contains 1.09%. The highest weight gain (16 g) was observed in the fish fed the control feed. However, F3 and F4 (20g pigeon pea, 30g bambara ground nut and 18g fish meal) ranked next to the control with respect to growth performance. It is therefore possible to produce quality catfish feed from bend of pigeon pea, Bambara ground nut and fish meal. Keywords: catfish, fish feed, bambara groundnut, pigeon pea, fish meal

Effects of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio on growth performance, apparent digestibility, blood lipid profiles, fecal microbiota, and meat quality in finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-281
Author(s):  
Hao Yang Sun ◽  
Hyeok Min Yun ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Finishing Pigs

The effects of dietary omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on growth performance, digestibility, blood lipid profiles, fecal microbial counts, and meat quality in finishing pigs were examined by using linseed and fish oil. A total of 140 crossbred finishing pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were used in a 10 wk trial. Pigs were blocked based on body weight (BW) and sex and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments formulated to have n-6/n-3 ratios of 5/1, 10/1, 15/1, and 17/1 (control). Throughout the experiment, BW, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with a decreased ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA. Energy digestibility and fecal Lactobacillus count showed a linear (P < 0.05) increase in week 10. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood triglyceride concentrations increased (P < 0.1) during week 10. However, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced (P < 0.05) linearly during week 5 and week 10 with a reduction in dietary n-6/n-3 ratio. This study provides a basis for future research on altering n-6/n-3 ratio by using linseed oil and refined fish oil in finishing pigs.

scholarly journals Effects of total replacement of dietary fish oil by vegetable oils on growth performance, nutritional quality and fatty acid profiles of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at optimum and high temperature conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246
Author(s):  
Seval Dernekbaşı ◽  
Ayşe Parlak Akyüz ◽  
İsmihan Karayücel
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dietary Fish

The present study investigated the effects of total replacement of dietary fish oil by different vegetable oils on growth performance, nutritional quality and fatty acid profiles of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at optimum and high temperature conditions. Five iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets including 100% fish oil and vegetable oils were prepared for rainbow trout fingerlings with an average weight of 11.27±0.01 g. After the fish were fed experimental diets for 9 weeks at the optimum temperature (17.74±0.01°C), all groups were fed an FO diet containing only fish oil for 4-weeks at the upper optimum temperature conditions (19.28±0.11°C). In both feeding trials, experimental fish were hand-fed ad libitium twice a day. Results showed that growth performance and feeding efficiency were significantly better (p<0.05) in groups fed by VO-based diets compared to groups fed by FO based diet at optimum temperature. Survival was 100% in CANO, SFO, CO PNO groups and 94.12±3.39% in FO (control) group at the end of the 9 weeks. Growth, feed consumption and survival of fish fed the upper-optimum temperature were significantly differed (p<0.05). In particular, while the survival rate of the groups fed with vegetable oil-based diets at optimum temperature and then fed only fish oil remained 100%, this rate decreased to 54.17±1.39% in the control group. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and n-3 PUFA of fish fed by VO based diets were low. When all groups were fed only FO diet for 4 weeks at upper-optimum temperatures, EPA, DHA and n-3 PUFA ratios increased. In addition, after the upper-optimum temperature trial, increases in the nutritional quality indices of fish meat were also detected.

scholarly journals Black Soldier Fly Full-Fat Larvae Meal as an Alternative to Fish Meal and Fish Oil in Siberian Sturgeon Nutrition: The Effects on Physical Properties of the Feed, Animal Growth Performance, and Feed Acceptance and Utilization

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2119
Author(s):  
Mateusz Rawski ◽  
Jan Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Bartosz Kierończyk ◽  
Damian Józefiak
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Siberian Sturgeon ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Feed Quality ◽  
Positive Effects

This study provides data on the use of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) full-fat meal (BSFL) in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) nutrition, examining pellet physical properties, growth performance, feed acceptance and utilization, apparent protein, and fat digestibility. The study consisted of: feed quality assessment; a growth performance; feed acceptance; digestibility trials. The effect of the use of BSFL as a replacement for fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) was investigated. The applied BSFL shares were 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% of the diet, replacing up to 61.3% of FM and allowing us to reduce FO use by up to 95.4% in the case of 30% incorporation. The applied substitution affected feed quality, increasing the expansion rate, and decreasing feed density, sinking speed and water stability. However, body weight gain, specific growth rate, feed, and protein conversion ratios, were improved in groups fed BSFL. Moreover, feed acceptance was increased with treatments containing 10 to 30% BSFL. No effects on nutrients digestibility were observed. The results show that the use of BSFL as an FM and FO replacement may have positive effects on sturgeon growth performance, and BSFL can be developed as a promising alternative feed material.

scholarly journals Effects of different dietary lipid sources on fatty acid composition and gene expression in common carp

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Hongtao Ren ◽  
Guang-Qin Zhang ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
Xiao-Chan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Linoleic Acid

The effects of fatty acid composition in artificial feed on the change in the fatty acid composition of carp muscles and the relationship between Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 genes participating in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis were studied. Juveniles were fed three semi-purified diets (D1–D3) for 6 weeks with different lipid sources: D1, fish oil with high highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA); D2, corn oil with high linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA), D3, linseed oil with high α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3, LNA); then, samples were taken to explore the molecular mechanism and the factors which affect the synthesis of carp HUFA. The content of LA and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, AA) in common carp fed Diet 2 was higher than in carp receiving D3 (P &lt; 0.05), but the contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) were lower than in carp fed D1 and D2 (P &lt; 0.05). The liver transcript abundance of Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 in fish fed D2 and D3 at the end of 6 weeks was generally higher than the abundance in the initial stage and in the fish fed D1 (P &lt; 0.05). The results suggest that the common carp can biosynthesise HUFA, and the type and content of fatty acids in feed affected not only the composition and content of fatty acids in common carp muscles, but also the Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 gene expression involved in the biosynthesis of HUFA. Feeding high levels of n-3 HUFA diet can increase the body content of EPA and DHA in common carp. The results of this research may provide a theoretical basis for choosing an appropriate source of lipid for common carp feeds.  

scholarly journals Impact of the partial replacement of fish meal with a chloroplast rich fraction on the growth and selected nutrient profile of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 733-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Gedi ◽  
Kieran J. Magee ◽  
Randa Darwish ◽  
Patchaniya Eakpetch ◽  
Iain Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Increasing global aquaculture production, is putting pressure on fishmeal and fish oil supply. There is therefore a growing search for more sustainable sources of proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids as fish feed ingredients.

scholarly journals Impact of Diets Containing Plant Raw Materials as Fish Meal and Fish Oil Replacement on Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata), and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Freshness

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigorakis Kriton ◽  
Kogiannou Dimitra ◽  
Genevieve Corraze ◽  
Pérez-Sánchez Jaume ◽  
Agnes Adorjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Plant Raw Materials

The present study aimed to evaluate whether the total or high substitution of fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) by sustainable plant raw materials (plant meal and oils) in long-term feeding for rainbow trout, gilthead sea bream, and common carp can result in spoilage alterations during ice storage. These three species were fed throughout their whole rearing cycle with plant-based diets and compared to counterparts that received FM/FO-based diets or commercial-like diets. Sensory QIM schemes adopted for these species and ATP breakdown products (K-value and components) were used to evaluate the freshness. Sensory acceptability of 14, 15, and 12 days was found for rainbow trout, gilthead sea bream, and common carp, respectively. This corresponded to K-values of approximately 80%, 35%, and 65% for rainbow trout, gilthead sea bream, and common carp, respectively. No major effect of dietary history on postmortem shelf life was shown for gilthead sea bream and common carp; neither sensory-perceived nor chemical freshness showed diet-related differences. Rainbow trout fed with the plant-based diet exhibited slightly worse sensory freshness than fish fed with FM/FO-based diets, at the end of shelf life. These findings imply that FM and FO can be successfully substituted without major impacts on shelf life of fish.

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