Leaf and root evaluation of bioactive compounds of different beetroot varieties

The importance of beetroot lies in the numerous health benefits, attributed to its wide-ranging array of minerals, vitamins and bioactive compounds which play a key role in the human diet. Generally, beetroot is consumed for its root, however, its leaves also contain a good amount of bioactive compounds. The experiment was carried out with four beetroot varieties in order to compare the amount of bioactive compounds in the root and the leaf. The analyzed data were total dry matter content, total polyphenol, flavonoid and vitamin C. Results have shown that roots contain the highest amount of bioactive compounds. Nevertheless, leaves can be also considered a significant source. Therefore, consumption of the young leaves is highly recommended due to their availability after thinning or at maturity stage (60 days after the germination). Of the examined varieties, ‘Libero’ demonstrated the highest total polyphenol, flavonoid and vitamin C values, although it was found to be statistically insignificant.

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Impact of Salt-tolerant Rootstock on the Enhancement of Sensitive Tomato Plant Responses to Salinity

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci14476-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Ayse Coban ◽

Yelderem Akhoundnejad ◽

Sultan Dere ◽

H. Yildiz Dasgan

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Susceptible Genotype ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Physical Measurements ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Sensitive Genotype ◽

Tolerant Genotype

In the present study, salt-tolerant (Tom 174) and sensitive (Tom 121) tomato genotypes were grafted onto their own roots (174/174 and 121/121), and a susceptible genotype was also grafted onto tolerant genotype 121/174. The grafted plants were grown under 50 mm NaCl and control conditions in a greenhouse. Plant physiological parameters, fruit yield, and physical measurements of fruit (e.g., weight, height, diameter, volume), and chemical analysis of fruit (e.g., vitamin C, pH, and total dry matter content) were investigated. When the sensitive genotype was grafted onto tolerant genotype 121/174, the tolerant genotype Tom 174 reduced the yield loss of susceptible genotype from 44% to 3%. Also, fruit size, total dry matter content, and vitamin C increased, while pH decreased under saline conditions. The rootstock Tom 174 seemed to be able to control sensitive scions’ stomatal openness and closure for transpiration and CO2 transition on photosynthesis because dry matter content was increased. It was found that the tolerant genotype played a role in ameliorating leaf osmotic adjustment of the sensitive genotype in grafting under salt stress. The combination 121/174 had the lowest Na+ concentration in young leaves. Thus, the tolerant rootstock Tom 174 decreased the transport of accumulation of Na+ ions to young leaves in this grafting combination.

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Folic acid content of beetroot leaf and root by different growing stages and genotypes

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/2/3688 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 115-119

Author(s):

Tímea Rubóczki ◽

Mária Takácsné Hájos

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Matter Content ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Randomized Field Experiment ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Young Leaves

An increasing interest has been observed of beetroot leaf as a salad component due to recent studies focusing on their nutritional value. The randomized field experiment was carried out on lowland chernozem soil with 6 varieties, 3 replications and 2 sowing dates. Sampling was performed on 23 of August 2018 at the stage of 30 and 50 days of vegetation, where leaf (30 and 50 days) and root (50 days) were collected. Total dry matter, folic acid and nitrate content were evaluated. The results of this investigation show that higher total dry matter content was measured in the root (8.47–10.30%) compared to the leaf in both developmental stages (6.47–9.20%). Nevertheless, higher folic acid content was found in the young leaves of 30 and 50 days of development (58.77–113.86 µg 100g-1). Among the examined varieties, Bonel has presented great amount of folic acid not only in the leaves (99.35–113.61 µg 100g-1), but also in the root (89.99 µg 100g-1). Finally, lower nitrate content was found in Libero (316.16 mg kg-1) at 30 days and in Akela (340.41 mg kg-1) at 50 days of development. Thereby, fresh consumption of beetroot leaves are highly recommended.

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Bioactive compounds in the aboveground part of hemiephemeroid onions (Allium L.)

PROCEEDINGS ON APPLIED BOTANY GENETICS AND BREEDING ◽

10.30901/2227-8834-2020-4-37-43 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 181 (4) ◽

pp. 37-43

Author(s):

T. I. Fomina ◽

T. A. Kukushkina

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

High Biological Activity ◽

Constant Weight ◽

Total Sugars

Background. Representatives of the genus Allium L. are valuable food and medicinal plants that have long been used for nutrition and human health. Modern research has proved their high biological activity. Earlier, we investigated the aboveground organs of a number of wild onion species in the consumer ripeness phase. Higher content of secondary metabolites has been observed in the hemiephemeroid species A. aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. microdictyon Prokh., and A. rosenbachianum Regel. The aim of this work was to determine the content of bioactive compounds in the green biomass of Allium species during flowering.Materials and methods. We studied the freshly harvested raw materials – leaves and flower scapes. Dry matter content was measured by drying 1 g of raw material at 100–105°C to constant weight. The amounts of phenolic compounds, pectic substances, total sugars and carotenoids were assessed spectrophotometrically using the SF-56 (Russia) and SF Agilent 8453 (USA) instruments, and ascorbic acid was measured by the titrimetric method. The result was taken as an average of three measurements for each indicator calculated on absolute dry weight of raw material (except ascorbic acid).Results and conclusions. The green biomass of Allium species was found to contain 8,2–16,2% of dry matter; 4,5–12,0% of phenolics (catechins, flavonols and tannins); 6,9–32,4% of total sugars; 9,5–12,6% of pectic compounds (pectins and protopectins); 20,8–102,5 mg% of carotenoids, and 38,0–197,7 mg% of ascorbic acid (wet weight). A significant range of variation in the content of secondary metabolites was due to the species’ characteristics and weather conditions of the growing season. A. microdictyon had a higher content of dry matter, flavonols and tannins, whereas A. aflatunense and A. rosenbachianum were rich in ascorbic acid and sugars. The findings testify to the prospects of using Allium spp. as a source of bioactive compounds.

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The effect of fertilisation with fermented pig slurry on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum)

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/2354-swr ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 116-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. Kouřimská ◽

L. Babička ◽

K. Václavíková ◽

D. Miholová ◽

Z. Pacáková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

Organic Fertiliser ◽

C 50

The effect of fertilisation with fermented pig slurry on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of two kinds of tomatoes was assessed by means of pot trials. These trials were carried out between the years 2005 and 2008. Each trial involved four treatments, namely (a) control without fertilisation, (b) fertilisation with mineral fertilisers, (c) 50% nutrients in mineral fertilisers and 50% in fermented pig slurry, and (d) fertilisation with fermented pig slurry only. Besides the yield parameters, the following characteristics were monitored: dry matter content, vitamin C content, titratable acidity, nitrogen compounds, nitrates and selected elements (Pb, Cd, As, Zn and Hg) contents. The fertilisation method showed no statistically significant influence on many parameters (titratable acidity, Hg, As, dry matter, vitamin C and nitrates contents). These results showed that anaerobically fermented pig slurry can be a suitable alternative to the use of mineral fertiliser. They also showed that its use as an organic fertiliser did not impair the hygienic quality and safety of the vegetable products grown, as all tomato samples fulfilled the tested heavy metals and nitrates legislation limits. The fertilisation method showed a statistically significant influence on the yield. Diffe-rences occurred between the organic and mineral methods in the case of Cd, and between non-fertilised and organic methods in the case of Zn. The fertilisation method also significantly influenced N-compounds content in tomatoes. A statistically significant influence of the year was found with all parameters except zinc and vitamin C contents. The influence of cultivar was also found, but only in the case of zinc and dry matter contents.

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Biochemical changes in affected potato tubers

Karantin i zahist roslin ◽

10.36495/2312-0614.2020.01.9-12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-12

Author(s):

S. Bomok ◽

B. Taktaiev ◽

M. Pikovskyi ◽

O. Marieva

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Microscopic Analysis ◽

Matter Content ◽

Biochemical Changes ◽

Fungal Diseases ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Standard Techniques ◽

Subsequent Identification

Goal. To establish biochemical changes (contents of dry matter, vitamin C, starch and carotene) in potato tubers in different degree affected by fungal diseases. Methods. Potato tubers (variety Bella Rosa) was selected in the conditions of private sector, Brusilovsky district, Zhytomyr region. Diagnosed disease by the visual method and a microscopic analysis with the subsequent identification of the pathogens. Biochemical analysis of potato tubers on dry matter content, vitamin C, starch, and carotene were performed according to standard techniques of the Institute of potato NAAS. The results of the research. The result of phytopathological examination of potato tubers during storage revealed fungal diseases: rot, Fusarium dry, Pomona, white, grey and verticillata; scab — plain and black or black scurf. Is established, that biochemical parameters in potatoes with different degree of damage differed. The amount of solids in healthy potato tubers were 21.0% in severely infected by Fusarium 14.5%, and famosa 13.9% and the usual scab — 18.2%; the blight of 15.6%. Starch in healthy tubers was 15.4% strongly struck by Fusarium is 7.5%, famosa — 6.9%, the usual scab — 11.2%, a Rhizoctonia — 9.8%. The content of vitamin C in healthy tubers was 0.17 percent, and in severe cases, Fusarium and 0.12%, famosa — 0.12%, ordinary scab and 0.12%, a Rhizoctonia — 0.12%. Biochemical indicators of carotene in healthy tubers was 0.18%, and in severely infected by Fusarium was reduced to 0.09%, famosa up to 0.06%, the usual scab — up to 0.11%, a Rhizoctonia — up to 0.10%. Conclusions. In potato tubers with different degrees of lesions of fungal diseases of reduced the content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C and carotene, which worsens their quality.

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Changes in quality characteristics of Golden Delicious apples under different storage conditions and correlations between them

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/3867-hortsci ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 30 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 81-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Blažek ◽

I. Hlušičková ◽

A. Varga

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Acid Content ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Storage Period ◽

Calcium Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Total Acid ◽

Ph Values ◽

Flesh Firmness

 In this four-year study, fruits of Golden Delicious cv. randomly sampled from four different orchards on M 9 were kept at 1 or 2<sup>o</sup>C in air storage, and in the course of storing individually assessed for weight, skin colour, skin blush, skin waxiness, flesh firmness, vitamin C content, total acid content, pH value, total sugars, dry matter and calcium content. Changes in some of these fruit quality characteristics during storage are presented and compared with their course during storage both in the cellar and ULO. The maximum storage life of the fruits in the air storage was estimated at 150 days on average. From individual fruit data, correlations between all the observed characteristics at different stages of the storage period were calculated. Fruit weight was positively correlated with dry matter, vitamin C, sugar and acid content, but negatively correlated with flesh firmness and calcium content. Fruits with more skin blush were correlated with higher vitamin C. Flesh firmness was mostly correlated with dry matter content, but negatively correlated with calcium content and pH values. Vitamin C content was positively correlated with total acids, but negatively correlated with pH values, sugar:acid ratio and calcium content. Total acids were negatively correlated with pH values and sugar:acid ratio. At the end of the storage period, the total acid content was also correlated with dry matter content. Total sugars were closely correlated with dry matter content and negatively correlated with calcium content.  Calcium content was very closely negatively correlated with dry matter content, and also negatively correlated with the sugar:acid ratio.      

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Chemical characteristics of nectarine genitors used for breeding program in Romania

International Journal of Horticultural Science ◽

10.31421/ijhs/8/2/323 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

A. Ivascu

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Geographic Location ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

High Vitamin

The geographic location of Bucharest area, the nature of its soil and its climate offer remarkably favourable conditions for nectarine growing, with juicy and well flavoured fruit, good for fresh consumption and processing. The five years' investigation (1996-2000) has helped to identify some nectarine cultivars and hybrids (NJN 58, ARK 165, ARK 139, Morton, ARK 107, Romamer I, ARK 125, Firebrite) with exceptional fruit quality (dry matter content, titratable acidity, vitamin C content, overall sugar, and amount of pectic substances). Dry matter content varied over the three years from 8.3 to 18.5% (NJN 68), meanwhile titratable acidity varied between 0.26 and 1.08% (Romamer I). Sugar / acidity ratio was within the limits of 8.6 and 36.5 (Nectared 7). Nectarines have high vitamin C content, over 10 mg/100g (Fairlane, NJN 67, Regina, Harko), glucides were found in Firebrite, Romamer I varieties and NJN 21, CIR1T127, HFSR3P4, HNA hybrids. Some cultivars have been recommended for planting in this southern area of Romania (Crimsongold, ARK 125, Harko, Hardyred, ARK 134), others used as quality genitors (ARK 85, Nectared 7, NJN 21, ARK 21, ARK 134, Fantasia) in breeding projects.

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Determination of optimum maturity stage of banana

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v40i2.24557 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 189-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MN Amin ◽

MN Hossain ◽

MA Rahim ◽

MB Uddin

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Winter Season ◽

Matter Content ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Maturity Indices ◽

Postharvest Life ◽

Time Of Harvest

Time of harvest based on maturity indices is very important for fruit quality. Fruits harvested before optimum maturity may not ripe adequately and may not develop adequate flavor, while fruits harvested late (over-matured) have a shorter postharvest life and deteriorate rapidly. Climacteric fruits can be harvested after reaching full maturation, and before reaching the ripening stage. The tissue culture suckers of BARI Kola1 and Sabri Kola varieties were used for the study. The experiment was conducted at the Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur in 2009-10. Optimum maturity stage of banana fruits reduced the postharvest losses and extended the storage life of fruits. BARI Kola 1 and Sabri Kola reached to flowering stages 10 and 15 months after planting, respectively. The optimum maturity stages of BARI Kola 1 and Sabri Kola were found to 120 and 100 days after emergence of flowering (DAEF) in summer and 130 and 110 DAEF in winter seasons, respectively. Higher pulp to peel ratio and yield of both the varieties was found in summer than those of winter season. The pre-harvest loss of banana fruits started at the point when it just exceeded the optimum maturity stage. Decreasing trend of shelf-life and firmness of fruits for both the varieties were observed with the advancement of maturity. On the other hand, dry matter content, angularity, pulp to peel ratio, and yield of banana fruits increased with the advancement of harvesting days. Degree days of these varieties were found to be 1750 and 1620, respectively.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 189-204, June 2015

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Stability of showing of biochemical traits of courgette fruits under different conditions of growing linear material

PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE ◽

10.31548/agr2020.03.070 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 70-79

Author(s):

S. I. Kondratenko ◽

◽

T. V. Shevchenko ◽

O. V. Sergienko ◽

O. P. Samovol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Matter Content ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Organic Cultivation ◽

Linear Material ◽

The Creation ◽

Growing Conditions

In connection with the development of organic vegetable growing in Ukraine, the topical issue of courgette breeding is the creation of varieties and hybrids of F1 with maximum adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of cultivation. The purpose of research is to identify genetic sources for the breeding of courgette with a stable manifestation of biochemical characteristics of the fruit. Breeding work was carried out with 20 lines of courgette of different geographical origin. Evaluation of linear genotypes was performed on the following indicators – general (GACi) and specific adaptive capacity (SACi), relative stability (Sgi), coefficient of ecological plasticity (bi) and selection value (BVGi). Courgette lines with a high content of dry matter, total sugar and vitamin C in fruits in the phase of technical ripeness have been created. Among them, 2 highly adaptive lines, which simultaneously exceeded the standard variety Chaklun in terms of dry matter content (4.46… 4.71%) and total sugar (2.77… 2.84%). Highly adaptive lines, better than the standard grade for the manifestation of one feature - the dry matter content – 1 line (4.58%), total sugar – 3 lines (2.72… 2.77%), vitamin C – 2 lines 14.93… 15.55 mg / 100 g). Low dependence on growing conditions at the same time on the manifestation of 2 traits (dry matter content and vitamin C in the fruit) was demonstrated by 3 lines (-1 Less than bi Greater than 1). The obtained lines are a valuable source material for the creation of varieties and hybrids of courgette F1, suitable for organic cultivation technologies with high quality fruits in the phase of technical maturity.

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Effect of biopreparates on the dry matter, starching and vitamin C in potato tubers

Agronomy Science ◽

10.24326/as.2019.3.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 47-56

Author(s):

PIOTR PSZCZÓŁKOWSKI ◽

BARBARA SAWICKA ◽

HONORATA DANILČENKO

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Herbal Extracts ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Order Factor ◽

Cultivation Techniques ◽

The Impact

The research was aimed at assessing the impact of growing technology with microbiological application and herbal extracts on dry matter content, starch and yields, as well as vitamin C content in two potato cultivars, as compared to traditional fungicide-based and pest control technology, and to the variant without using bio-preparations and fungicides. The results of the study were based on the field experiment conducted in 2014–2016 at in Uhnin (51°34'N, 23°02'E), slightly acidic soil. The experiment was performed by means of randomized blocks method, in dependent split-plot pattern, in three replicates. The 1st order factor was the potato cultivars (‘Vineta’ and ‘Satina’), while the 2nd order factor was six crop technologies. Organic and mineral fertilization of potato was uniform. The applied cultivation techniques using microbiological preparations, herbal extracts and fungicide applications contributed to a significant increase in the dry matter content, vitamin C, while did not significant influence on dry matter yield. Reaction of cultivars towards the bio-preparations used has varied.

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