Effect of biopreparates on the dry matter, starching  and vitamin C in potato tubers

The research was aimed at assessing the impact of growing technology with microbiological application and herbal extracts on dry matter content, starch and yields, as well as vitamin C content in two potato cultivars, as compared to traditional fungicide-based and pest control technology, and to the variant without using bio-preparations and fungicides. The results of the study were based on the field experiment conducted in 2014–2016 at in Uhnin (51°34'N, 23°02'E), slightly acidic soil. The experiment was performed by means of randomized blocks method, in dependent split-plot pattern, in three replicates. The 1st order factor was the potato cultivars (‘Vineta’ and ‘Satina’), while the 2nd order factor was six crop technologies. Organic and mineral fertilization of potato was uniform. The applied cultivation techniques using microbiological preparations, herbal extracts and fungicide applications contributed to a significant increase in the dry matter content, vitamin C, while did not significant influence on dry matter yield. Reaction of cultivars towards the bio-preparations used has varied.

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Successive Harvests Modulate the Productive and Physiological Behavior of Three Genovese Pesto Basil Cultivars

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030560 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 560

Author(s):

Luigi Formisano ◽

Michele Ciriello ◽

Christophe El-Nakhel ◽

Marios C. Kyriacou ◽

Youssef Rouphael

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Stomatal Resistance ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Net Co2 Assimilation ◽

Dry Biomass ◽

Crop Cycle ◽

The Impact

In the Italian culinary tradition, young and tender leaves of Genovese basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) are used to prepare pesto sauce, a tasty condiment that attracts the interest of the food processing industry. Like other leafy or aromatic vegetables, basil is harvested more than once during the crop cycle to maximize yield. However, the mechanical stress induced by successive cuts can affect crucial parameters associated with pesto processing (leaf/stem ratio, stem diameter, and dry matter). Our research accordingly aimed to evaluate the impact of successive harvests on three field-grown Genovese basil cultivars (“Aroma 2”, “Eleonora” and “Italiano Classico”) in terms of production, physiological behavior, and technological parameters. Between the first and second harvest, marketable fresh yield and shoot dry biomass increased by 148.4% and 172.9%, respectively; by contrast, the leaf-to-stem ratio decreased by 22.5%, while the dry matter content was unchanged. The increased fresh yield and shoot dry biomass at the second harvest derived from improved photosynthetic efficiency, which enabled higher net CO2 assimilation, Fv/Fm and transpiration as well as reduced stomatal resistance. Our findings suggest that, under the Mediterranean environment, “Italiano Classico” carries superior productive performance and optimal technological characteristics in line with industrial requirements. These promising results warrant further investigation of the impact successive harvests may have on the qualitative components of high-yielding basil genotypes with respect to consumer expectations of the final product.

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Study of knotweed (Reynoutria) as possible phytomass resource for energy and industrial utilization

Research in Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.17221/46/2009-rae ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 85-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Z. Strašil ◽

J. Kára

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Ash Content ◽

Winter Period ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Reynoutria Japonica ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

The Impact

This paper deals with the Reynoutria × bohemica and Reynoutria japonica under conditions of the Czech Republic. It evaluates the impact of soil, weather conditions and various terms of harvest (autumn, spring) on the yield, dry matter content, phytomass loss, ash content, and basic elements content change in plants. Heavy metals content was determined in soil where plants were grown and consequently in plants themselves. The average yield of dry matter at the fully closed stands of Reynoutria japonica were 9.06 t/ha in autumn, Reynoutria × bohemica from 13.23 to 21.41 t/ha, according to the site. The yield losses within the winter period were found on average 42% for Reynoutria japonica and 34% for Reynoutria × bohemica. The moisture decrease of Reynoutria japonica was found from 68% in the autumn to 24% in the spring, and of Reynoutria × bohemica from 67% to 23%, respectively. Decreased content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the knotweed phytomass was found during the latter (spring) harvest periods in comparison with the earlier harvest periods. Decreased elements content in phytomass during the latter harvest period (spring) increases the phytomass quality as a fuel from both aspects – technical and emissions generation. The ash content in plants varied according to the site, on average from 3.12% in Ruzyně to 4.6% in Chomutov. None of the heavy metals monitored in knotweed plants reached the maximum admissible values determined for the food or feed purposes in the Czech Republic. From the results of combustion experiments, it is evident that Reynoutria × bohemica is a good fuel. Energy sorrel shows the extreme CO concentration in flue gases in comparison with other monitored fuels. According to the ČSN EN 12809 (2001) standard it does not meet even the third class of requirements. On the contrary, knotweed and wood bark fulfill the requirements for the first class. The surprising fact is that both of these fuels show the lower level of CO emissions, than the wooden briquettes. Concentrations of nitrogen oxids are comparable with biofuels, except of wood, and probably are related to the nitrogen content in heating material.

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The influence of chemical composition of milk on yield of semi-hard cheese

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1004167b ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (3-4) ◽

pp. 167-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Bojanic-Rasovic ◽

S. Mirecki ◽

N. Nikolic ◽

R. Rasovic

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

High Positive Correlation ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Average Value ◽

Theoretical Yield ◽

Bulk Milk ◽

Actual Yield ◽

The Impact

The aim of paper was to examine the impact of the milk quality on yield of semi-hard naturally dried cheese, produced in cheese plant factory ZZ 'Cijevna' in Podgorica. Tests were conducted on 6 samples of bulk milk of cows and 6 productive batch of cheese. Chemical tests of the bulk milk have been done on the device MilcoScan 4000, and the determination content dry matter of whey and dry matter of cheese on the device MilcoScan FT 120. Theoretical yield of cheese was determined in two ways: 1) based on the content of fat and protein content in milk and 2) based on dry matter content of milk, dry matter of whey and dry matter of cheese. Actual yield of cheese is determined on the base of the total amount of cheese obtained after pressing and the amount of wasted milk. The average value for the fat content in the examined milk amounted to 3.79%, protein 3.24%, 4.26% lactose and dry matter content without fat 8.24%. The average value for the theoretical cheese yield by first method was 10.65% and by second method 9,30%. The average of actual cheese yield amounted to 11.26%. We found a very high positive correlation between content of fat in milk and actual cheese yield (0.929032) and mean positive correlation between content of protein in milk and actual cheese yield (0.613141), content of lactose in milk and actual cheese yield (0.651317) and between dry matter content in milk and actual cheese yield (0.651956).

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Performance of modern and old, European and national potato cultivars in different environments

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620170310 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 377-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vlandiney Eschemback ◽

Jackson Kawakami ◽

Paulo Eduardo de Melo

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Federal District ◽

Growth Cycle ◽

Matter Content ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Average Weight ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Tuber Dry Matter ◽

Commercial Yield

Abstract Little information on the comparative yield of the main potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum) used in Brazil is available. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of modern and old, European and Brazilian potato cultivars in different environments. Two experiments were carried in the field in 2013, in Brazil: in Guarapuava, in the state of Paraná, from January to April; and in Brasília, the Federal District, from August to November. Treatments consisted of six cultivars (origin, year of release): Bintje (European, 1910), Monalisa (European, 1982) and Agata (European, 1990); Baronesa (Brazilian, 1955), Catucha (Brazilian, 1995) and BRS Clara (Brazilian, 2010), arranged in complete blocks at random, with four replications, in both areas. Growth cycle, total and commercial yield (number of tubers and mass), tuber average weight and tuber dry matter content were evaluated. We observed significant differences in yield among cultivars, both in Guarapuava and in Brasilia. We also observed that increases in yield in Brazil are possible, the modern cultivars having higher yield potential than old cultivars. No significant differences in yield were detected between European and Brazilian cultivars, in none of the growing zones. We suggest that the use of imported cultivars by Brazilian potato growers is related to factors not associated to yield.

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Chickpea Cultivar Selection to Produce Aquafaba with Superior Emulsion Properties

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8120685 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 685 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yue He ◽

Youn Young Shim ◽

Rana Mustafa ◽

Venkatesh Meda ◽

Martin J.T. Reaney

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Hydration Kinetics ◽

Cultivar Selection ◽

Emulsion Capacity ◽

Chickpea Cultivar ◽

Oil Emulsions ◽

The Impact ◽

Product Solution

Aquafaba (AQ), a viscous by-product solution produced during cooking chickpea or other legumes in water, is increasingly being used as an egg replacement due to its ability to form foams and emulsions. The objectives of our work were to select a chickpea cultivar that produces AQ with superior emulsion properties, and to investigate the impact of chickpea seed physicochemical properties and hydration kinetics on the properties of AQ-based emulsions. AQ from a Kabuli type chickpea cultivar (CDC Leader) had the greatest emulsion capacity (1.10 ± 0.04 m2/g) and stability (71.9 ± 0.8%). There were no correlations observed between AQ emulsion properties and chickpea seed proximate compositions. Meanwhile, AQ emulsion properties were negatively correlated with AQ yield and moisture content, indicating that AQ with higher dry-matter content displayed better emulsion properties. In conclusion, the emulsification properties of aquafaba are greatly influenced by the chickpea genotype, and AQ from the CDC Leader chickpea produced the most stable food oil emulsions.

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The effect of fertilisation with fermented pig slurry on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum)

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/2354-swr ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 116-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L. Kouřimská ◽

L. Babička ◽

K. Václavíková ◽

D. Miholová ◽

Z. Pacáková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

Organic Fertiliser ◽

C 50

The effect of fertilisation with fermented pig slurry on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of two kinds of tomatoes was assessed by means of pot trials. These trials were carried out between the years 2005 and 2008. Each trial involved four treatments, namely (a) control without fertilisation, (b) fertilisation with mineral fertilisers, (c) 50% nutrients in mineral fertilisers and 50% in fermented pig slurry, and (d) fertilisation with fermented pig slurry only. Besides the yield parameters, the following characteristics were monitored: dry matter content, vitamin C content, titratable acidity, nitrogen compounds, nitrates and selected elements (Pb, Cd, As, Zn and Hg) contents. The fertilisation method showed no statistically significant influence on many parameters (titratable acidity, Hg, As, dry matter, vitamin C and nitrates contents). These results showed that anaerobically fermented pig slurry can be a suitable alternative to the use of mineral fertiliser. They also showed that its use as an organic fertiliser did not impair the hygienic quality and safety of the vegetable products grown, as all tomato samples fulfilled the tested heavy metals and nitrates legislation limits. The fertilisation method showed a statistically significant influence on the yield. Diffe-rences occurred between the organic and mineral methods in the case of Cd, and between non-fertilised and organic methods in the case of Zn. The fertilisation method also significantly influenced N-compounds content in tomatoes. A statistically significant influence of the year was found with all parameters except zinc and vitamin C contents. The influence of cultivar was also found, but only in the case of zinc and dry matter contents.

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Leaf and root evaluation of bioactive compounds of different beetroot varieties

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/74/1678 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 135-139

Author(s):

Tímea Rubóczki ◽

Mária Takácsné Hájos

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Significant Source ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Human Diet ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Young Leaves

The importance of beetroot lies in the numerous health benefits, attributed to its wide-ranging array of minerals, vitamins and bioactive compounds which play a key role in the human diet. Generally, beetroot is consumed for its root, however, its leaves also contain a good amount of bioactive compounds. The experiment was carried out with four beetroot varieties in order to compare the amount of bioactive compounds in the root and the leaf. The analyzed data were total dry matter content, total polyphenol, flavonoid and vitamin C. Results have shown that roots contain the highest amount of bioactive compounds. Nevertheless, leaves can be also considered a significant source. Therefore, consumption of the young leaves is highly recommended due to their availability after thinning or at maturity stage (60 days after the germination). Of the examined varieties, ‘Libero’ demonstrated the highest total polyphenol, flavonoid and vitamin C values, although it was found to be statistically insignificant.

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Biochemical changes in affected potato tubers

Karantin i zahist roslin ◽

10.36495/2312-0614.2020.01.9-12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-12

Author(s):

S. Bomok ◽

B. Taktaiev ◽

M. Pikovskyi ◽

O. Marieva

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Microscopic Analysis ◽

Matter Content ◽

Biochemical Changes ◽

Fungal Diseases ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Standard Techniques ◽

Subsequent Identification

Goal. To establish biochemical changes (contents of dry matter, vitamin C, starch and carotene) in potato tubers in different degree affected by fungal diseases. Methods. Potato tubers (variety Bella Rosa) was selected in the conditions of private sector, Brusilovsky district, Zhytomyr region. Diagnosed disease by the visual method and a microscopic analysis with the subsequent identification of the pathogens. Biochemical analysis of potato tubers on dry matter content, vitamin C, starch, and carotene were performed according to standard techniques of the Institute of potato NAAS. The results of the research. The result of phytopathological examination of potato tubers during storage revealed fungal diseases: rot, Fusarium dry, Pomona, white, grey and verticillata; scab — plain and black or black scurf. Is established, that biochemical parameters in potatoes with different degree of damage differed. The amount of solids in healthy potato tubers were 21.0% in severely infected by Fusarium 14.5%, and famosa 13.9% and the usual scab — 18.2%; the blight of 15.6%. Starch in healthy tubers was 15.4% strongly struck by Fusarium is 7.5%, famosa — 6.9%, the usual scab — 11.2%, a Rhizoctonia — 9.8%. The content of vitamin C in healthy tubers was 0.17 percent, and in severe cases, Fusarium and 0.12%, famosa — 0.12%, ordinary scab and 0.12%, a Rhizoctonia — 0.12%. Biochemical indicators of carotene in healthy tubers was 0.18%, and in severely infected by Fusarium was reduced to 0.09%, famosa up to 0.06%, the usual scab — up to 0.11%, a Rhizoctonia — up to 0.10%. Conclusions. In potato tubers with different degrees of lesions of fungal diseases of reduced the content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C and carotene, which worsens their quality.

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Impact of Salt-tolerant Rootstock on the Enhancement of Sensitive Tomato Plant Responses to Salinity

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci14476-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Ayse Coban ◽

Yelderem Akhoundnejad ◽

Sultan Dere ◽

H. Yildiz Dasgan

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Susceptible Genotype ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Physical Measurements ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Sensitive Genotype ◽

Tolerant Genotype

In the present study, salt-tolerant (Tom 174) and sensitive (Tom 121) tomato genotypes were grafted onto their own roots (174/174 and 121/121), and a susceptible genotype was also grafted onto tolerant genotype 121/174. The grafted plants were grown under 50 mm NaCl and control conditions in a greenhouse. Plant physiological parameters, fruit yield, and physical measurements of fruit (e.g., weight, height, diameter, volume), and chemical analysis of fruit (e.g., vitamin C, pH, and total dry matter content) were investigated. When the sensitive genotype was grafted onto tolerant genotype 121/174, the tolerant genotype Tom 174 reduced the yield loss of susceptible genotype from 44% to 3%. Also, fruit size, total dry matter content, and vitamin C increased, while pH decreased under saline conditions. The rootstock Tom 174 seemed to be able to control sensitive scions’ stomatal openness and closure for transpiration and CO2 transition on photosynthesis because dry matter content was increased. It was found that the tolerant genotype played a role in ameliorating leaf osmotic adjustment of the sensitive genotype in grafting under salt stress. The combination 121/174 had the lowest Na+ concentration in young leaves. Thus, the tolerant rootstock Tom 174 decreased the transport of accumulation of Na+ ions to young leaves in this grafting combination.

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THE IMPACT OF MYCORRHIZAL PREPARATION MYKONET ON VALUABLE AGRONOMICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF PEPPER

Proceedings of the YSU B: Chemical and Biological Sciences ◽

10.46991/pysu:b/2020.54.1.046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (1 (251)) ◽

pp. 46-54

Author(s):

G.S. Martirosyan ◽

K.G. Azaryan ◽

A.H. Trchounian

Keyword(s):

Treatment Duration ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Matter Content ◽

Economic Indicators ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Hot Peppers ◽

Block Randomization ◽

The Impact ◽

Randomization Method

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the Indian mycorrhizal preparation Mykonet (Mn) of Endo type on agronomical and economic indicators of the hot and sweet pepper production. The study was conducted with two sweet (Zmrukht and Nush-55) and two hot varieties of pepper (Kon and Punj). The experiments were carried out according to the block randomization method. It has been shown that Mn improves the biological and economic characteristics of sweet and hot peppers, depending on the treatment duration and variety. The most effective was 2 h treatment. The dry matter content was increased slightly, but increased for sugars and ascorbic acid. The best effect was obtained for Zmrukht. Given that Mn has improved the agronomical and economic characteristics of sweet and hot peppers, it can be recommended for pepper production.

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