scholarly journals ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ІНДИКАТОРІВ ДЕМОКРАТІЇ

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
І. В. Застава
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liberties ◽  
The State ◽  
Democratic Regime ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Measuring Democracy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Considered political indicators as a tool for measuring democracy. Special attention is paid to the methodological aspects of the formation of such indicators, in particular, checking whether indicators are an effective tool for measuring democracy. The main theoretical approaches to the definition of indicators of democracy are highlighted. Indicators of democracy make it possible to track which transformational-democratic processes are taking place in a particular state or in a region. It is determined that the basic indicators of democracy are competition and participation. The democracy index measures the level of democracy within the state and is based on the methodology of expert assessments and the results of public opinion polls from the respective countries, characterizing the state of 60 key indicators grouped into five main categories: electoral process and pluralism, government activity, political participation, political culture, civil liberties. Having systematized methodological approaches to indexing democracy, two things become apparent: firstly, the inherent connection is clearly traceable elections and democracy, because there is no scientific one project or approach to calculate democratic regime, which would not include Institute for Election to Level Measurement democracy; and secondly, a formalized approach to Democracy makes it possible to assume that it is itself The election institution is also subject to numerical measurement, so we can try to construct a methodology for calculating the index of democratic elections In this case, you can develop a model democratic elections as an important component of the democratic regime in general. The index of the institutional foundations of democracy determines the extent of the development of conditions conducive to the democratic attraction of citizens to the political sphere of society.

ECONOMIC SECURITY MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES AT THE REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-394
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Hmyria ◽  
Volodymyr Kucherenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this article is to study theoretical approaches to definition of economic essence and directions of economic security formation of agricultural enterprises at the region. Analysis of the theoretical aspects of the research object showed that currently there are different approaches to the economic security interpretation. It is considered as a process of meeting public needs, protection of the state national interests, the economic stability, the state of the national economy, in which the country provides its own sovereignty, a state of protection against a certain type of threats. Certain realities of a market economy require fundamentally new approaches to the formation and increase of efficiency of agrarian enterprises functioning, and thus ensure their economic security. In the context of the latest scientific dimensions, it has been found out that the economic security of agricultural enterprises is a complex of sophisticated branched processes, methods, tools, levers of influence on activity for the purpose of increasing the economic activity efficiency of entities. In this regard, there are many different opinions regarding the components of enterprises economic security. It is proved that the economic security of enterprises is characterized by certain features in the regional context of their formation and application to agricultural production. The proposed model Forsythe technology modernization of a regional mechanism of economic security at agricultural enterprises will allow to determine more efficiently the volume of investments, tax burden on the industry and crediting enterprises, depreciation deductions etc., which will effectively affect the activity of the enterprise, and hence ensure its basic – economic security. Keywords: economic security, agricultural enterprises, natural conditions, fixed assets, information security, financial security.

scholarly journals THE MECHANISM OF FISCAL POLICY

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Lidiia Fedoryshyna
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Absolute Magnitude ◽  
The State ◽  
National Debt ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Finance Theory

The purpose of this article is to study fiscal policy, which is one of the methods of regulating the country's macroeconomic policy. Theoretical approaches of scientists to the definition of the term "fiscal policy" are investigated. The contents and principles of the functioning of the mechanism of fiscal policy are disclosed. Method. Theoretical approaches to the definition of mechanisms and discrete components of the fiscal policy of the state and its criteria characteristics have been developed. The research has been based on the use of a systematic approach to the consideration of fiscal phenomena, on the fundamental principles of economic theory, systems theory, theory of finance, theory of taxes, etc. Results. It is observed that the budget deficit and the national debt are closely linked: the increase in the budget deficit leads to an increase in the national debt. But the absolute magnitude of the budget deficit, and therefore of the public debt, does not provide enough information for economic analysis. It is necessary to know what processes the budget deficit is serving, what changes in the reproduction cycle it reflects. It is also very important to measure changes in public debt in relation to changes in GDP. In addition, the tax burden is increasing as a result of these changes. Value/originality. It is determined that along with the expected changes in the methodology of calculation and procedure of tax payment, taxpayers are also concerned about the question of changing the tariff grid by the total amount of taxes due in absolute terms and in relation to the volume and resultant indicators of production activity (revenue, profit). An innovative tariff policy has been proposed and opportunities for using non-traditional agricultural insurance products have been revealed. Recommendations to improve the fiscal policy of the state have been made. The conceptual platform for harmonizing the mechanism of fiscal policy regarding economic entities is substantiated.

scholarly journals Methodological Aspects of the Internal Control Organization at the Enterprise and Financial Stability Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1795-1813
Author(s):  
Nodira B. Abdusalomova
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The author analyzes the internal control organization in the management accounting system in this scientific article. In addition, the article is devoted to the definition of internal control and determination of the role of internal control in the financial and economic activities of the enterprise. As a result of the research, the author has developed proposals to analyze the key indicators, financial condition and profitability indicators reflected in the financial statements of the enterprise and to implement the process of planning internal control on the basis of improved stages. Moreover, the theoretical and methodological bases of the internal control system have been identified, ways to improve its reliability have been determined, and the method of organizing internal control in reliance upon the information system to raise production and sales, as well as to reduce costs has been proposed.

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
E. P. SOLODOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Investment Management ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Risk Managers

The article highlights the theoretical approaches to the definition of the concepts of “innovation” and “investment project”, identifies their common and specific features. The analysis of the scientific literature led to the conclusion: project management requires constant monitoring of work and processes, which determines the need for a detailed decomposition of the innovation life cycle. The author summarizes and structures the approaches to the content of the phases, stages and stages of the innovation project. The work is interdisciplinary, written at the intersection of innovation and investment management. This view will be of interest to risk managers and economists, specialists in the field of project management, including innovative ones.

INTERNAL SECURITY OF POLAND. CASE STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-564
Author(s):  
Witold Skrzypek
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
The State ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Classical Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Description of situations and phenomena, which have a direct impact on the shaping of the internal security. It is an attempt to answer the question, whether a stronger state is more important or civil liberties. In addition, the analysis of the area of technological progress and advancing globalization - the impact on relations between the state in the aspect of building multidimensional security. Various dimensions of security are analyzed in order to better systematize the problem. The conclusion is the indication of the state as the main subject that should be interested in the consumption of the classical definition of internal security.

Competitive Environment and its Impact on Business Climate Development in a Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
A. A. Zyus’kin
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Definition Of

The presented study examines the business climate of the Smolensk region, with applied developments based on the material of this region.Aim. The study aims to characterize the specific features of ‘competitive environment’ as an economic category in the context of formation of a favorable business climate within the region.Tasks. The authors analyze theoretical approaches to the definition of ‘competitive environment’ and ‘business climate’; assess the state of the competitive environment as a factor affecting the business climate in the region (through the example of the Smolensk region) with allowance for the competition intensity rating and survey of entrepreneurs; examine the implementation of government initiatives aimed at forming a favorable competitive environment in the Smolensk region; formulate proposals to improve the efficiency of implementation of measures by the local authorities of the Smolensk region aimed at forming a favorable competitive environment.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the factors of formation of a favorable business climate in various aspects and to identify trends in the current state and development of entrepreneurship in the region.Results. Analysis of measures taken by the authorities of the Smolensk region to implement a government competitive policy and qualitative assessment of the competitive environment in the region by the business community show that changes and adjustments to the regulatory framework are not introduced quickly enough, while entrepreneurs show a low level of awareness about the activities of the authorities in enhancing competition. A potential solution to this problem involves creating a Competition Development Project Office in the region, which would unite representatives of the authorities, including employees of the Office of the Federal Antimonopoly Service (OFAS) in the Smolensk region, natural monopolies, and entrepreneurs (by including representatives of associations and business communities). Establishment of such an office would make the decision-making more balanced and immediate, which would in turn improve the quality of the competitive environment in the Smolensk region.Conclusions. The authors propose assessing the quality of the competitive environment, ranking regions, and including the results into the annual report of the Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) on the state of competition in Russia. Improvement of the business climate is identified as a priority for regional authorities. Therefore, monitoring and evaluation of the business climate and its factors is an essential task.

1. Defining peace

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver P. Richmond
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Stable State ◽  
The State ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Peace Movements ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Multiple Approach ◽  
Definition Of

‘Defining peace’ explains why there is no single definition of peace and looks at theories about peace. A narrow version of peace would be basic but relatively insecure. A broader version produces a more complex state of peace which would be more sustainable. Using a multiple approach would result in an even more complex but more stable state. Each version tries to answer the same question: can peace be made by subjugating enemies, assimilating them by converting them into something resembling the dominant group, or by accepting and reconciling with their differences? There are several theoretical approaches to peace focusing on the constitution of the state, the role of international organizations, the philosophy of peace, and social peace movements.

scholarly journals САНАЦІЯ ЯК СПОСІБ ЗАПОБІГАННЯ БАНКРУТСТВУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

2020 ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
Olha Kalchenko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The Political ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Market Management ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Financial Recovery

Given the instability of the political and economic situation, which negatively affects solvency of domestic enterprises and threatens their bankruptcy, issues of financial recovery of economic entities are now becoming particularly relevant. Within the article, importance of the reorganization of enterprises in the context of ensuring their financial stability, liquidity and solvency in crisis conditions is considered; it is proved that reorganization is an objective necessity of market management; it is complex and covers financial, production, organizational and social aspects of the enterprise operation. Theoretical approaches to the definition of reorganization are studied; the author's vision of this term is substantiated, the main purpose of reorganization of enterprises is defined. A statistical analysis of the state of bankruptcy proceedings and the effectiveness of its procedure during 2011 – 2019 is carried out.

scholarly journals Psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process of students with disabilities in the context of professional education

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 18093
Author(s):  
Anna Kabushko ◽  
Olga Artemenko ◽  
Maria Kirillova ◽  
Eugenia Shipilova ◽  
Elena Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
Pedagogical Institute ◽  
State Pedagogical Institute ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Empirical Approaches

The article presents theoretical and empirical approaches to the study of the process of psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process of students with disabilities in the context of professional education. The article considers theoretical approaches to the definition of "psychological and pedagogical support", its content aspects, due to the specifics of the construction of the educational process with students with disabilities. It is shown that changes in the educational process of students with disabilities often relate not so much to technological and organizational and methodological aspects as social and psychological ones. A program for accompanying students with disabilities in the context of professional pedagogical education is presented on the example of the Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF CONSTITUTIONAL FREEDOM OF A PERSON TO CONDUCT ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Serhii Penkov ◽  
Mykola Chabanenko
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Natural Person ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Private Entrepreneur

The article studies the concept and features of the constitutional freedom of a natural person to conduct business activity in Ukraine. It is analysed features of human freedom under consideration. The authors present their own definition of the constitutional freedom of a person to conduct entrepreneurial activity. The issue of peculiarities of management of a natural person as a business entity is considered. It compares the legal status of a natural person with the legal status of a private entrepreneur. The article lists the duties of a private entrepreneur, as well as limitations on the performance of any types of activities by private entrepreneurs. It considers a procedure of the state registration of a private entrepreneur. The paper defines the essence and main range of tools of mechanisms of state regulation of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine. The issue of mechanisms regulation is covered. It is formed the principal functions, tools, and methods which the state follows in regulating entrepreneurship. The role of the state in managing the economy and functioning of business entities is discovered. The international experience of state business regulation is described. Statistics are indicated, and specific examples of countries are formed. Lines for handling problems concerning stimulating small and medium-sized enterprises are specified. Based on the analysis, generalization and systematization of research papers, and also weaknesses of government regulation of entrepreneurship in Ukraine are presented. The authors draw conclusions and propose ways for improving government regulation in order to improve and develop entrepreneurship in Ukraine. Theoretical approaches to the determination of the concept of the subject of offences counteraction are presented. Definition of the subject of offences counteraction in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity is analysed, and a range and system of the mentioned subjects are specified. Subjects of offences counteraction in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity vested with administrative and jurisdictional powers are put into an individual group.

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