scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE FORESTRY COMPLEX OF THE VORONEZH REGION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Irina Marchuk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Investment Level ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Almost All

The article analyzes and evaluates the state of forest resources, including the Voronezh region. Based on the assessment and analysis, the following problems of the forestry complex were identified: failure to perform thinning; insufficient investment level; lack of development of the use of forests for the purpose of carrying out recreational activities; wear and tear of vehicles; the lack of information on the markets for the sale of wood from the Voronezh region in other constituent entities of the Russian Federation, here the negative aspects are that almost all the wood of the region is consumed within the region, only a small part of the wood is exported. The main problem of the forestry complex is the lack of a comprehensive information resource (lack of up-to-date forest inventory data in electronic formats; centralized database; inconsistency and dissociation of forest data stored in various information systems of subordinate institutions of Rosleskhoz; lack of reliable information on the volumes of harvesting, turnover and export of timber etc.). In addition to the problems, the article outlines the prospects for the development of the forest complex of the Voronezh region: zoning of the forest fund by the types of planned forest development; formation of forest plots for use and putting them up for auctions taking into account demand; determination of the initial rent, taking into account the demand for forest plots in various forest districts.

СОСТОЯНИЕ МЯСНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: реалии и перспективы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. DUNIN ◽  
S.E. TYAPUGIN ◽  
R.K. MESHCHEROV ◽  
V.P. HODYKOV ◽  
V.K. ADZHIBEKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Further Development

Рассмотрены состояние и перспективы развития мясного скотоводства в Российской Федерации. Проведен мониторинг численности поголовья, породного состава и продуктивности мясного крупного рогатого скота во всех категориях хозяйств, изучены масштабы и объемы бонитировки скота за 20102018 годы. По данным Минсельхоза России, в 2018 году поголовье крупного рогатого скота в стране составило более 18 млн голов, в том числе численность животных специализированных мясных пород во всех категориях хозяйств достигла 2,26 млн голов. Комплексная оценка 711,16 тыс. голов, или 34,1 от общей численности мясного скота, в том числе 389,8 тыс. коров, принадлежащих к 15 породам и типам, разводимым в 57 регионах Российской Федерации показала, что наибольшее подконтрольное поголовье имеют абердин ангусская порода (417545 гол.), калмыцкая (137262 гол.), герефордская (87278 гол.) и казахская белоголовая породы (52563 гол.). Все подконтрольное поголовье животных является чистопородным и IV поколения, в том числе 99,7 быков-производителей и 99,3 коров. Анализ живой массы пробонитированного поголовья выявил тенденцию к ее повышению у коров всех возрастов в среднем на 54 кг, быков производителей на 39 кг, или на 16,7 и 5,2 за последние 9 лет, соответственно. Живая масса коров по итогам 2018 года в среднем составила 546 кг, быков-производителей 791 кг. По состоянию на 1.01.2019 года, племенная база мясного скотоводства страны представлена 270 племенными стадами, в том числе 46 племенными заводами и 224 племенными репродукторами. В 2018 году в различные категории хозяйств из племенных предприятий было продано 35517 голов племенного молодняка, в том числе 6388 ремонтных бычка с классами элита и элита-рекорд (85,3). В 2018 году было продано племенного молодняка в расчете на 100 коров галловейской породы 33,0 головы, казахской белоголовой 29,1 герефордской 28,0 калмыцкой 22,2 лимузинской 15,5 абердин ангусской 8,8 русской комолой 8,2 и симментальской мясной 4,7 голов. На основании мониторинга состояния мясного скотоводства страны за 20102018 годы были намечены перспективы дальнейшего развития.The article considers the state and prospects of development of beef cattle breeding in the Russian Federation. The number of livestock, breed composition and productivity of beef cattle in all categories of farms was monitored, the scale and volumes of bonding of cattle for the studied 9-year period (20102018) were studied. According to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, in 2018 the number of cattle in the country amounted to more than 18 million heads, including the number of cattle of specialized meat breeds in all categories of farms reached 2.26 million heads. A comprehensive assessment of the number of livestock in the amount of 711.16 thousand animals or 34.1 of the total number of beef cattle, including: cows 389.8 thousand heads belonging to 15 breeds and types bred in 57 regions of the Russian Federation, showed that the largest controlled livestock are: Aberdeen Angus breed 417545 animals, Kalmyk 1372726 animals, Hereford 87278 animals and Kazakh white-headed breed 52563 animals. Almost all of the controlled livestock of animals is purebred and IV generation, including: respectively 99.7 of bulls producers and 99.3 of cows. The analysis of live mass of a livestock revealed a tendency to its increase at cows of all age on average on 54 kg, bulls on 39 kgor for 16.7 and 5.2 for the last 9 years respectively. The live mass of cows following the results of 2018 averaged 546 kg, bulls 791 kg. As of January 1, 2019, the breeding base of beef cattle breeding in the country is represented by 270 breeding herds, including: 46 breeding plants and 224 breeding reproducers. In 2018, 35,517 heads of pedigree young animals were sold to various categories of farms from pedigree enterprises, including 6,388 repair bulls with elite classes and an elite record record for appraisal (85.3). An analysis of the sales volume of pedigree young animals in the context of farmed meat breeds showed that in 2018 pedigree young animals per 100 cows were sold in the country: Galloveian breed 33.0 goals, Kazakh white-headed 29.1 goals, Hereford 28, 0 goals., Kalmyk 22.2 goals., Limousin 15.5 goals., Aberdeen Angus 8.8 goals, Russian kolola 8.2 and Simmental meat 4.7 goals. Based on the monitoring of the state of beef cattle breeding in the country for the study period (20102018), prospects for further development were outlined.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE BASE OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Yuriy V. Katayev ◽  
◽  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽  
Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽  
Zoya N. Mishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Technical Readiness

The repair industry in almost all countries has entered a critical period, characterized by the need to combine and use various strategies and technologies for maintenance and repair of new equipment, as well as equipment produced many years ago. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the state of the repair and maintenance base of the agro-industrial complex and justifying the possibilities of its modernization using intelligent technologies. (Materials and methods) Authors used methods of generalizing data from various services of agro- industrial formations of individual regions, materials of scientific and technical literature and research developments, studied data on the practical use of modern resource-saving technologies by engineering services of the agro-industrial complex of the regions when carrying out repairs and service and technological services. (Results and discussion) The lack of information about the state of the repair and maintenance base makes it difficult to determine all the criteria associated with the transition of manufacturers to a contract of the entire life cycle. Obtaining information about the state of the repair and maintenance base of the agro-industrial complex is a very important stage that contributes to the modernization of this base and attracting not only the governments, but also agricultural machinery manufacturers to modernization. (Conclusions) The technological level of the enterprises of the repair and maintenance base of agriculture has significantly decreased in recent years, and this has affected the decline in technical readiness indicators, which confirms the need to conduct research and implement in practice the main measures related to the modernization of the specified repair and maintenance base.

scholarly journals THE STATE OF THE TIMBER INDUSTRY COMPLEX OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN A SPARSELY FORESTED REGION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE VORONEZH REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Irina Marchuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Far East ◽  
The State ◽  
Timber Industry ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Logging Industry ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

The timber industry complex of the Russian Federation ranks fourth among all branches of the country, because in terms of forest area Russia ranks first in the world (8148895 km2), which is about 49.76% of the total area of Russia. The timber industry complex is a complex system and consists of four components (logging industry, woodworking industry, pulp and paper industry, wood chemical industry). Particular attention is paid to this industry in Eastern Siberia, Western Siberia and the Far East, because these regions have the greatest forest cover. In sparsely wooded regions, the timber industry is not a priority and little attention is paid to it, both by the state and by investors. In this article, we examined the state of the forestry complex of the Voronezh region, the forest cover of this territory is only eight percent of the entire territory of the country, all forests are protective, therefore the volume of timber is carried out thanks to sanitary felling and is about 285 thousand m3. In this region there are about 20 large and medium-sized enterprises involved in the timber industry and about 40 small private enterprises. The main problem of the timber industry complex in a low-wooded region is low-quality products, imperfection of regulatory legal acts at the regional level, and lack of investment. In this regard, measures were proposed that will contribute to the development of the timber industry complex in the low-forest region.

scholarly journals DEvELopMENT of TEOHNiQuEs FoR THE DETERMiNATioN oF MoisTuRE (Loss oN DRYING) oF MEDiOiNAL PLANT RAW MATERiALS oF MoRPHoLoGiOAL group “FRUiT” by infrared thermogravimetric method

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
D. A Zhdanov ◽  
V. B Braslavsky
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Thermogravimetric Method ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the development of new and perspective for the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF) techniques for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of medicinal plant raw materials of the morphological group “Fruit” and medicinal plant preparations by the use of infrared thermogravimetric (IRTGM) method. The techniques for determination of moisture (loss on drying) IRTGM-method as exemplified by the fruit of the following medicinal plants: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Rosa cinnamomea L. and Anethum graveolens L. were developed. The comparable results for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of the medicinal plant raw materials of investigated plants were obtained by means of two methods: IRTGM and pharmacopoeial method, which allow us to recommend the developed techniques for inclusion into the relevant monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals The ergatic system personal factor formalizing method

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
B. I. Bachkalo ◽  
V. I. Zolotykh
Keyword(s):  
System Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Operator ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
System Safety ◽  
Aviation Accidents ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Influence Degree

The majority of reasons for aviation accidents that occurred with the state aircraft in the Russian Federation are due to the flight personnel manifestations of the “personality factor” during the flight mission. However, the aviation system security record and evaluation of “personality factor” influence is carried out fragmentarily at present and does not have a systemic character. This is the factor that impedes the use of a systematic approach to the problem of the human factor influence on flight safety. In this regard, there is a need to quantify the "personality factor" impact on the safety of the upcoming flight in order to reduce this impact. The solution to this problem will require the determination of the most significant pilot’s upcoming flight “personality factor” safety indicators set and a substantial description of each specific indicator value. Due to the lack of the assessment mechanisms to solve this problem which are known to the authors the article substantiates the need to develop a tool for the quantitative assessment of potential threats impact associated with the social and psychophysiological restrictions of a human-operator on ergatic system safety controlled by this person. As a result of a personality-oriented approach to assessing the state of system security, implemented by means of using an integral indicator determining the total threats magnitude of a particular human operator personality factor to the ergatic system state the total human operator hazard indicator, and developing criteria for ergatic system safety this indicator influence degree; a universal tool for assessing the influence of the personality factor on ergatic system safety has been obtained. This tool is called the “The ergatic system personality factor formalizing method". The obtained method allows us to develop a methodology for assessing the influence of the operator’s personality factor which is applicable to any ergatic system, including the system of “crew – aircraft”.

scholarly journals Current trends in the development of the Russian agrarian economy in ensuring food security

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00035
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kirillova ◽  
Alfiya F. Sadreeva ◽  
Svetlana V. Markova ◽  
Farida A. Mukhametshina
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation

The situation in the Russian Federation in the spring of 2020 is quite serious and directly related to ensuring food security. Achieving the country’s food security always depends on the ability of the state to overcome threats and risks of various kinds. There is the situation that requires a rapid study of information, accumulation of available resources, the creation of the necessary reserves and the determination of current directions for the development of the agrarian economy in such emergency conditions. But in these conditions, Russia has faced many problems that need to be addressed in the short term. The need for state support for agriculture in this situation is clear and more necessary than ever. At the same time, we must consider its features determining the directions, forms and methods of state support. The article determines that for the development of the agrarian economy and ensuring food security of the country require sustainable development of agricultural production, raw materials and food, the implementation of policies to support the neediest segments of the population and poverty alleviation, the development of interregional integration, the development of transport and logistics infrastructure to support the regions, support for farms, the formation of the state reserve of agricultural products, raw materials and products nutrition, the creation of a network of distribution centres under the mechanism of domestic food assistance to the population, etc.

scholarly journals The Attitude of High-Class Athletes to Doping in Sports and Measures to Counter It

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Olga S. Kulyamina ◽  
◽  
Maria I. Tarasova ◽  
Eugenia M. Bronnikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Doping Analysis ◽  
High Class ◽  
Doping In Sports ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject of the study is the attitude of high-class athletes to doping in sports and measures to counter it. The methodology of the work consists in the application of a set of techniques and methods that made it possible to use an integrated approach to the research. The results of the study are systematized data on attitudes towards and awareness of doping, analysis of the prevalence of information about doping in sports, identification of causes, consequences and determination of methods to combat it based on the data of surveys of high-class athletes for the period from 2019 to 2021. The scope of application of the research results affects the sports of the Russian Federation. The novelty of the study lies in the assessment of the state and potential of doping in sports in Russia over the course of 3 years. According to the results of the study, the main trends of athletes opinions about doping were identified, revealing the possibilities of improving the fight against doping in sports, which will ultimately contribute to improving the anti-doping culture in the country.

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE PROGRAM “PROVIDING AFFORDABLE AND COMFORTABLE HOUSING AND UTILITIES TO CITIZENS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION”

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
E.V. Ivankina ◽  
◽  
F.А. Polyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
State Program ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Programs ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Goals And Objectives

Currently, in the Russian Federation, economic development largely depends on the implementation of national projects and government programs adopted by the president and government. The federal executive bodies are developing specific goals and objectives of strategic planning affecting almost all areas of the economy, as well as a set of various measures with established indicators for the timing of their implementation and the resources necessary for their implementation. State programs are divided into 5 areas, each of which is responsible for a specific area. The state program “Providing affordable and comfortable housing and utilities for citizens of the Russian Federation” is part of a major area of “New Quality of Life” under which projects are being implemented in the field of social policy and construction. This article presents an assessment of the goals and objectives set in the state program “Providing affordable and comfortable housing and utilities for citizens of the Russian Federation”, analyzes the results of achieving the goals, considers examples of foreign practices and techniques in this area, and presents possible actions to reduce risks failure to achieve program targets.

scholarly journals Some gifts of the 13th Dalai Lama to Nicholas II in the collection of the State Hermitage

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-418
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Elikhina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Dalai Lama ◽  
Art Objects ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Tibetan collection of the State Hermitage contains some of the gifts of the 13th Dalai Lama to the Russian Emperor Nicholas II. The State Archives of the Russian Federation has a document titled “A copy of the list of Tibetan gifts sent to the Winter Palace”. It consists of two lists, the first list describes 14 items, the second - 9. Almost all of these gifts were in the private rooms of Nicholas II in the Winter Palace. Of course, not all things have survived to this day. Number 1 in the first list is the chakra (wheel of teaching), the sign of the king offered to the Tibetan rulers upon accession to the throne, as a sign of goodwill (Inventory No. KO-884, Tibet, late 19th century); number 4 is a silver teapot, partially gilded (Inventory No. KO-896, Tibet, end of the 19th century); number 5 - men’s turquoise hoop earring; at number 9 - a gold reliquary gau (Tib. Ga'u), decorated with turquoise, such were worn and are worn by Tibetan women on the chest; at number 10 - women’s gold earrings decorated with turquoise. Earrings and a reliquary after the organization of the Oriental Department and the redistribution of exhibits were included in the collection of art objects of Central Asia. From the second list, presumably, there is a sculpture of Buddha Shakyamuni in the Hermitage collection. It is quite possible that enamel objects and some others have also been preserved in different collections of the Oriental Department. In addition, the collection contains two pencil portraits of the 13th Dalai Lama, painted by the Russian artist N. Ya. Kozhevnikov in 1905 in Urga (present-day Ulan Bator). The Dalai Lama was hiding in Mongolia during the British expansion into Tibet in 1903-1904. Thus, some of the gifts of the 13th Dalai Lama are presented in the Tibetan collection of the Hermitage. Some of them are masterpieces, such as the silver chakra, others are very typical ethnographic objects.

scholarly journals Review of the state of populations of Neottianthe cucullata (L.) Schlechter in various regions of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-423
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Speranskaya ◽  
A. D. Lyashchenko ◽  
T. A. Zembrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
European Part ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Logging Disturbance ◽  
Very High

Many members of the Orhidaceae family are rare plants. One of the effective ways to preserve these speciesis to include them in the Red Book and give them a certain status of rarity. Neottianthe cucullata has a wide species rangein the Russian Federation. This species is found in almost all regions located in the temperate zone. Neottianthe cucullatais included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation and, accordingly, is protected in 48 regions of Russia. The speciesgrows mainly in coniferous and mixed forests, so the main threat to it is the increasing rate of logging. Disturbance of soilcover and changes in environmental conditions are limiting factors. However, the analysis showed that the state of populations in different regions is very different. In the European part, where the pressure on forest resources is very high,Neottianthe cucullata has a status ranging from «probably extinct» to «very rare». In some cases, reliable information is notavailable. On the territory of Siberia, the species belongs to category 3 – rare. On the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, it belongs to category 7 – out of danger. Most often, the populations of Neottianthe cucullata are well studied and protected in nature reserves and sanctuaries. In a number of regions, there is no information on the state of local populations.

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