An Automated Billing System in Shopping Malls Using Bascart

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Kalaivani P ◽  
Rajan C ◽  
Sandhiya S
Keyword(s):  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Standing Time ◽  
Shopping List ◽  
Billing System ◽  
Bidirectional Communication ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Exact Product

In modern days, people are getting too busy in their works but still they need to spend time in shopping malls. In Shopping malls, customers face a difficulty to follow a queue for the process of billing, which takes a long time under huge crowd. Customer thought that, to avoid the standing time in the billing section at shopping malls. To overcome the above problems, we emerged the Bascart system. To increase the pace of a billing process, RFID tags in products, then the product is read by the barcode scanner which describes the cost of that product and is displays on the LCD screen attached in our shopping list. As customer buy their exact product its price is add on the previous list. The cost of the product is displayed on the LCD screen by using microcontroller through Zigbee Communication from host PC. Zigbee supports bidirectional communication between microcontroller and host PC. We have proposed the Weighing Sensor for the purpose of checking the weight of the items and it is directly stored in the server database. Customer get direct bill at the billing section which is already stored at host PC which automatically reduces the queue. Then GSM Module in our system is used to detect the Geo-position of the customer’s mobile for the process of intimating the shopping details of the customer through messages which is already updated in database.

scholarly journals Seawater Absorption and Adhesion Properties of Hydrophobic and Superhydrophobic Thermoset Epoxy Nanocomposite Coatings

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Ayman M. Atta ◽  
Mohamed H. El-Newehy ◽  
Meera Moydeen Abdulhameed ◽  
Mohamed H. Wahby ◽  
Ahmed I. Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
In Situ Modification ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Seawater Environment ◽  
Thermoset Epoxy ◽  
The Cost

The enhancement of both thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy materials using nanomaterials becomes a target in coating of the steel to protect it from aggressive environmental conditions for a long time, with reducing the cost. In this respect, the adhesion properties of the epoxy with the steel surfaces, and its proper superhyrophobicity to repel the seawater humidity, can be optimized via addition of green nanoparticles (NPs). In-situ modification of silver (Ag) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) NPs with oleic acid (OA) was carried out during the formation of Ag−OA and CaCO3−OA, respectively. The epoxide oleic acid (EOA) was also used as capping for Ca−O3 NPs by in-situ method and epoxidation of Ag−OA NPs, too. The morphology, thermal stability, and the diameters of NPs, as well as their dispersion in organic solvent, were investigated. The effects of the prepared NPs on the exothermic curing of the epoxy resins in the presence of polyamines, flexibility or rigidity of epoxy coatings, wettability, and coatings durability in aggressive seawater environment were studied. The obtained results confirmed that the proper superhyrophobicity, coating adhesion, and thermal stability of the epoxy were improved after exposure to salt spray fog for 2000 h at 36 °C.

Wartime activities of the Vavilov Institute

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
I. G. Loskutov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Potato Collection ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Harsh Reality ◽  
Difficult Part

Among the chronicles relating the heroism of the besieged Leningrad, there are pages dedicated to the deeds performed by the staff the world-famous All-Union Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR, now the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources). With the beginning of the war, even before the city was surrounded by the Nazi troops, the government decided to evacuate a number of factories and institutes from Leningrad, including VIR, but the plan failed. Only in winter did the Institute start partial evacuation, although preparations had been going on for a long time. The largest and most important part of the collection was left behind in the besieged city. The remaining employees were forced to work under the hardest conditions of the siege, in unheated premises. In the harsh reality of the winter in 1941–1942, the daily bread rationing was cut down, and hunger raged in the city, killing tens of thousands of city residents, including VIR employees who kept the stored seeds and tubers untouched. The most difficult part was preserving the potato collection. In the spring of 1942, preparations were made for sowing to restore the viability of seeds and tubers in the fields of Leningrad’s suburban area under the fire from the enemy artillery. Only the heroic efforts of VIR’s staff helped to save the collection from destruction and loss of germination. This heroism cost more than 20 experts and scientists their lives. So, the most dangerous period for the Institute was overcome at such price. Immediately after the siege was lifted, a group of experts was sent to Leningrad from Krasnoufimsk to help with selecting seed accessions for urgent reproduction. Working under extreme physical exhaustion in frozen premises, without water or electricity, under continuous shelling, they saved, many at the cost of their own lives, the collection of cultivated plants and their wild relatives, the herbarium, and the scientific library for future generations. 

scholarly journals Complex Event Processing for Sensor Stream Data

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 3084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoungsoo Bok ◽  
Daeyun Kim ◽  
Jaesoo Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Complex Event Processing ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Event Processing ◽  
Stream Data ◽  
Internet Of Things Environment ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Single Operator ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Cost

As a large amount of stream data are generated through sensors over the Internet of Things environment, studies on complex event processing have been conducted to detect information required by users or specific applications in real time. A complex event is made by combining primitive events through a number of operators. However, the existing complex event-processing methods take a long time because they do not consider similarity and redundancy of operators. In this paper, we propose a new complex event-processing method considering similar and redundant operations for stream data from sensors in real time. In the proposed method, a similar operation in common events is converted into a virtual operator, and redundant operations on the same events are converted into a single operator. The event query tree for complex event detection is reconstructed using the converted operators. Through this method, the cost of comparison and inspection of similar and redundant operations is reduced, thereby decreasing the overall processing cost. To prove the superior performance of the proposed method, its performance is evaluated in comparison with existing methods.

scholarly journals Borehole Rehabilitation: A Case Study in the Dunkwa Mining Town

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
A. Ewusi ◽  
J. Seidu
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Implementation Cost ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Borehole Camera ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Very High

Rehabilitation works were carried out on boreholes in the Dunkwa Mining town in the Central Region of Ghana. These works were carried out because the boreholes had lost their original yields due to clogging, corrosion and encrustation and had been abandoned for a long time. The cost of drilling a new well and assessing the productivity of the well is $4,500 which is more expensive that carrying out rehabilitation works which is cheaper, about $800. Also, the initial yields of the boreholes were very high according to the feasibility report which is not a common characteristic of the rocks in the area. Camera inspection followed by rehabilitation, pre and post pumping tests were carried out to assess whether there has been an improvement in their yield after the exercise and that the yield obtained will be adequate for a water supply design. Results show that all the boreholes had an improvement in their yields (57.19 - 259.80 %) after the rehabilitation. It can therefore be concluded that rehabilitation is effective in restoring boreholes to their original yields. Organisations drilling boreholes to communities can take advantage of rehabilitation of the existing boreholes located in the communities which are high yielding, thereby reducing project implementation cost. Keywords: Borehole Rehabilitation, Borehole Yields, Borehole Camera Inspection, Pumping Test

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGY OF DEVICE OF FENCING METAL STRUCTURES IN CONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Elena Korol ◽  
Zarina Chipova
Keyword(s):  
Underground Structures ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Complex Engineering ◽  
Transport Problems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Transport Complex ◽  
Selection Of

Urban motor transport complex engineering structures, the construction of which is carried out for a long time, and the cost is often tunnels of structures. Despite this, urban tunnels remain in demand as a means of solving transport problems, especially for large cities, in areas with dense urban development or an established architectural appearance, the violation of which is unacceptable. The construction of tunnels makes it possible to increase the throughput of highways, especially in places of large intersections, one of the diverting high-intensity transit traffic flows underground, making them invisible on the surface and thus not disrupting the existing historical appearance of the area.

scholarly journals Solving the inverse heat conduction problem using NVLink capable Power architecture

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Szénási
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Heat Conduction Problem ◽  
Inverse Heat Conduction Problem ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Inverse Heat Transfer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cost

The accurate knowledge of Heat Transfer Coefficients is essential for the design of precise heat transfer operations. The determination of these values requires Inverse Heat Transfer Calculations, which are usually based on heuristic optimisation techniques, like Genetic Algorithms or Particle Swarm Optimisation. The main bottleneck of these heuristics is the high computational demand of the cost function calculation, which is usually based on heat transfer simulations producing the thermal history of the workpiece at given locations. This Direct Heat Transfer Calculation is a well parallelisable process, making it feasible to implement an efficient GPU kernel for this purpose. This paper presents a novel step forward: based on the special requirements of the heuristics solving the inverse problem (executing hundreds of simulations in a parallel fashion at the end of each iteration), it is possible to gain a higher level of parallelism using multiple graphics accelerators. The results show that this implementation (running on 4 GPUs) is about 120 times faster than a traditional CPU implementation using 20 cores. The latest developments of the GPU-based High Power Computations area were also analysed, like the new NVLink connection between the host and the devices, which tries to solve the long time existing data transfer handicap of GPU programming.

scholarly journals Research on Smart Shopping Cart

2020 ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Roopa C ◽  
Nivas Chandra Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Digital Display ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Shopping Cart ◽  
Rfid Reader ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
The Absolute

<p>In metropolitan cities, we will see an enormous rush at shopping malls on holidays and weekends. This becomes, even more, once there are large offers and discounts. Currently folks purchase a spread of things and place them within the trolley, after buying one ought to approach the counter for billing. By employing a barcode reader the cashier prepares the bill that may be a time overwhelming method. This ends up in long queues at the billing counters. This project presents a plan to build up a framework in shopping centers to beat the above issue. To realize this all merchandise within the mall to be equipped with RFID tags and every one trolley should be equipped with an RFID reader and digital display screen. When one puts any item in the trolley its code will be distinguished naturally, the item name and cost will be shown on the LCD, in this manner the expense gets added to the absolute bill. On the off chance that we wish to expel the item from the trolley, you can remove the item and the measure of that particular item gets deducted from the aggregate sum and a similar data goes to the central billing unit through ZigBee module. Subsequently the billing should be possible in the trolley itself accordingly sparing a ton of time to the clients.</p>

Cloud Computing

2018 ◽  
pp. 233-259
Author(s):  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Sunita Gond
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Personal Computing ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Shared Network ◽  
Cloud Users ◽  
Distributed And Parallel Computing

As this is the age of technology and every day we are receiving the news about growing popularity of internet and its applications. Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm of today that is rapidly accepted by the industry/organizations/educational institutions etc. for various applications and purpose. As computing is related to distributed and parallel computing which are from a very long time in the market, but today is the world of cloud computing that reduces the cost of computing by focusing on personal computing to data center computing. Cloud computing architecture and standard provide a unique way for delivering computation services to cloud users. It is having a simple API (Application Platform Interface) to users for accessing storage, platform and hardware by paying-as-per-use basis. Services provided by cloud computing is as same as other utility oriented services like electricity bill, water, telephone etc. over shared network. There are many cloud services providers in the market for providing services like Google, Microsoft, Manjrasoft Aneka, etc.

Cost Breakdown of 2.5D and 3D Packaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (DPC) ◽  
pp. 000324-000341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chet Palesko ◽  
Amy Palesko
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
High Price ◽  
Future Cost ◽  
The Future ◽  
3D Packaging ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost

2.5D and 3D packaging can provide significant size and performance advantages over other packaging technologies. However, these advantages usually come at a high price. Since 2.5D and 3D packaging costs are significant, today they are only used if no other option can meet the product requirements, and most of these applications are relatively low volume. Products such as high end FPGAs, high performance GPUs, and high bandwidth memory are great applications but none have volume requirements close to mobile phones or tablets. Without the benefit of volume production, the cost of 2.5D and 3D packaging could stay high for a long time. In this paper, we will provide cost model results of a complete 2.5D and 3D manufacturing process. Each manufacturing activity will be included and the key cost drivers will be analyzed regarding future cost reductions. Expensive activities that are well down the learning curve (RDL creation, CMP, etc.) will probably not change much in the future. However, expensive activities that are new to this process (DRIE, temporary bond/debond, etc.) provide good opportunities for cost reduction. A variety of scenarios will be included to understand how design characteristics impact the cost. Understanding how and why the dominant cost components will change over time is critical to accurately predicting the future cost of 2.5D and 3D packaging.

scholarly journals Estimating the Economic Impacts of Net Metering Schemes for Residential PV Systems with Profiling of Power Demand, Generation, and Market Prices

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antans Sauhats ◽  
Laila Zemite ◽  
Lubov Petrichenko ◽  
Igor Moshkin ◽  
Aivo Jasevics
Keyword(s):  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Billing System ◽  
Net Metering ◽  
Support Costs ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Long Time

This article analyses the influence of supporting scheme variants on the profitability of a projected investment of residential photovoltaic systems. The focus of the paper lies in evaluating the feasibility for the power system of solar power generation technologies to achieve a balance between energy generation and support costs in a more efficient way. The case study is based on a year-long time series of examples with an hourly resolution of electricity prices from the Nord Pool power market, in addition to the power demand and solar generation of Latvian prosumers. Electric energy generation and the consumption of big data from more than 100 clients were collected. Based on these data, we predict the processes for the next 25 years, and we estimate economic indicators using a detailed description of the net metering billing system and the Monte-Carlo method. A recommendation to change the current net system to a superior one, taking into account the market cost of energy, concludes the paper.

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