scholarly journals GENEOLOGI KEBIJAKAN DESENTRALISASI DARI KOLONIALISTIK HINGGA PASCAKOLONIALISTIK DEMOKRATIK DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mursyidin Mursyidin

Decentralization has become one of the important phenomena that must be mentioned in the era of the last 10 years, where the great power of the central government in the past (precisely in the New Order era) has now been replaced with the introduction of regional autonomy, although this work is still being carried out, revised here and there , while we also see the phenomenon of more regional leaders (mayors, regents, or governors) who are suspected of corruption cases in various regions. Inevitably corruption becomes something decentralized too. In this situation, where is the position of the local press? Did he participate in guarding the existing democratization process, or did he also become part of the existing problem? Exactly whether we are talking about the role of the local press as a solution to the problem of corruption, or whether the local press is actually part of the problem of corruption. Keywords: Decentralitation, Media, Local Politic

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanis S. Ulimpa ◽  
Jullie J. Sondakh ◽  
Treesje Runtu

In line with regional autonomy that is oriented towards empowerment (emporwerment) and community guidance in the implementation of clean authority and free of corruption, collusion and nepotism, the public sector is often regarded as a nest of wasteful efficiency and institutional fund leakage that always loses money. But the public sector still has wide opportunities to improve the performance of the benefits of resources economically, effectively and efficiently. Knowing the performance measurement of the Sorong Regency government. Knowing the role of indicators in the Sorong Regency government. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The result is the performance measurement of the local government is carried out because of the provisions of the central government to make performance accountability reports for each government agency.Keywords :Performance Measurement, Performance Indicator, LAKIP, Sorong District Government   


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Desi Sommaliagustina

Abstrak Otonomi daerah adalah suatu bentuk demokrasi yang diberikan oleh Pemerintah Pusat kepada Pemerintah Daerah untuk mengelola rumah tangga mereka sendiri dengan berpegang pada hukum dan peraturan yang berlaku. Implementasi otonomi daerah merupakan titik fokus penting dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat. Pengembangan suatu daerah dapat disesuaikan oleh pemerintah daerah dengan potensi dan kekhasan masing-masing daerah. Ini adalah kesempatan yang sangat baik bagi pemerintah daerah untuk membuktikan kemampuannya menjalankan wewenang yang merupakan hak daerah. Otonomi daerah adalah salah satu agenda utama reformasi yang bertujuan mengurangi kesenjangan ekonomi-politik antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah. Era reformasi menjadi titik awal pergeseran paradigma terpusat yang diadopsi oleh Orde Baru ke era desentralisasi. Desentralisasi dalam konteks Indonesia diyakini sebagai cara untuk membangun pemerintahan yang efektif, mengembangkan pemerintahan yang demokratis, menghormati keanekaragaman lokal, menghormati dan mengembangkan potensi masyarakat lokal, dan mempertahankan integrasi nasional. Masyarakat menaruh harapan yang besar pada otonomi daerah untuk membawa perubahan dalam sistem negara. Sayangnya desentralisasi telah menyebabkan banyak korupsi di wilayah ini. Inilah yang terjadi pada 2018 lalu. Tahun 2018 tampaknya menjadi tahun yang gelap bagi upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan korupsi, terutama di daerah. Pada 2018 Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) telah menjerat puluhan kepala daerah dalam sejumlah kasus dugaan korupsi mulai dari gubernur, bupati, walikota, hingga pejabat daerah. Hingga akhir 2018, KPK masih menjerat kepala daerah yang tersandung kasus korupsi yaitu Bupati Jepara Ahmad Marzuqi dan Bupati Cianjur Irvan Rivano Muchtar sebagai tersangka. Daftar panjang kepala daerah yang dijerat oleh KPK selama 2018 menunjukkan bahwa penanganan kejahatan korupsi di Indonesia masih membutuhkan perhatian serius dari banyak pihak. Demikian juga, Indeks Pencapaian Korupsi Indonesia masih jauh dari ideal, yaitu 3,7, seperti yang dikatakan oleh juru bicara KPK Febri Diansyah. Ini menunjukkan bahwa korupsi yang dilakukan oleh sejumlah kepala daerah merupakan salah satu bentuk kegagalan otonomi daerah. Dengan kata lain ada banyak pekerjaan rumah yang harus dilakukan terkait dengan implementasi otonomi daerah. Karena kasus-kasus yang ditangani oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi menunjukkan bahwa korupsi masih terjadi dan merupakan gejala di banyak lembaga. Kata Kunci: Otonomi Daerah, Korupsi, Kepala Daerah         Abstract Regional autonomy is a form of democracy given by the Central Government to the Regional Government to manage their own household by sticking to the applicable laws and regulations. The implementation of regional autonomy is an important focal point in order to improve people's welfare. The development of an area can be adjusted by the regional government with the potential and distinctiveness of each region. This is a very good opportunity for the local government to prove its ability to exercise the authority that is the right of the region. Regional autonomy is one of the main agendas of reform aimed at reducing the economic-political gap between the central and regional governments. The era of reform became the starting point of shifting the centralized paradigm adopted by the New Order to the era of decentralization. Decentralization in the Indonesian context is believed to be a way to build effective governance, develop democratic governance, respect local diversity, respect and develop the potential of local communities, and maintain national integration. The community places considerable expectations on regional autonomy in order to bring about changes in the state system. Unfortunately decentralization has caused a lot of corruption in the region. This is what happened in 2018 ago. The year 2018 seems to be a dark year for efforts to prevent and eradicate corruption, especially in the regions. In 2018 the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) has ensnared dozens of regional heads in a number of cases of alleged corruption ranging from governors, regents, mayors, to regional officials. Until the end of 2018, the KPK still ensnared the regional heads who tripped over corruption cases namely Jepara Regent Ahmad Marzuqi and Cianjur Regent Irvan Rivano Muchtar as suspects. The long list of regional heads snared by the KPK during 2018 shows that the handling of corruption crimes in Indonesia still needs serious attention from many parties. Likewise, the Indonesian Corruption Achievement Index is still far from ideal, namely 3.7, as said by KPK spokesman Febri Diansyah. This indicates that corruption committed by a number of regional heads is one form of failure in regional autonomy. In other words there is a lot of homework that must be done related to the implementation of regional autonomy. Because the cases handled by the Corruption Eradication Commission indicate that corruption still occurs and is a symptom in many institutions. Keywords: Regional Autonomy, Corruption, Regional Head


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Eva Marín Hlynsdóttir

An ongoing debate on the purpose of local self-government in Iceland has been simmering mainly between those who believe that local authorities should amalgamate in order to assume more responsibilities and those who believe that local autonomy, understood as the right of citizens to govern their own jurisdictions, should not be weakened. The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of local self-government in Iceland from these two very different perspectives by situating it within the context of the Nordic model of local self-government. This study’s findings reveal that the Icelandic central government has successfully introduced functional reforms at the local level over the past 25 years, but it has not been as successful in initiating territorial reforms. The findings also show that conflict between the ideologies of the traditional autonomous model and the more modern model of integration is growing.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Tajuddin Tajuddin ◽  
Ilyas Ilyas

The consequence of the implementation of regional autonomy is that the regions must have their own abilities to implement government affairs and regional development. There is some research on the financial performance of the area but is still done in a partial autonomic region only. This research compares the financial performance between the autonomic regions of the expansion and the parent area. Based on this, study aims to compare the financial performance of the parent regency and the expanded district. In this study financial performance is measured based on Regional Financial Independence (KKD) rastio, Fiscal Decentralization Degree (DDF) ratio and the Regional Financial Effectiveness Ratio (EKD). Overall, secondary data are used, namely the realization of Regional Original Revenues (PAD), PAD targets, Balancing Funds, Loan Funds, and Regional Expenditures. To answer the research problem, the data is processed using ratio analysis. The results showed that the Regional Financial Performance measured by the ratio of KKD and DDF in the parent regency was still higher than the KKD and DDF in the expanded districts. Both the parent district and the expanded districts of KKD and DDF are included in the Instructive category. The role of the central government is still very dominant in regional financing. In general, the expanded district EKD ratio was very effective while the parent district EKD ratio was generally included in the quite effective category. The financial performance of the regional results is better than the parent region due to the existence of autonomous regions to promote maximum income sources.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-439
Author(s):  
Ririn Tri Nurhayati

Abstract With the pervasive violations of human rights, including mass atrocities, which happened during the authoritarian New Order administration, the literature on human rights in Indonesia has often been highly critical of the regimes’ human rights record. Indonesia’s regime change in 1998 brought in a more optimistic outlook; successive regimes have shown a stronger commitment to respecting human rights. However, the government still faces challenges in protecting such rights, and in acknowledgement and resolving past gross human rights violations. Consequently, future mass atrocities may not be readily avoided. This study aims to explore Indonesia’s capacity for avoiding future atrocities by evaluating three relevant factors: the influence of the interest-based arguments of the central government elites, the extent to which the idea of ‘sovereignty as responsibility’ has spread among Indonesian governmental institutions, and the role of non-state actors. All of these factors shape Indonesia’s capacity to respond to and prevent any occurrence of mass atrocities in the future.


2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Pannier ◽  
Olivier Schmitt

Abstract This article examines the ways in which recent military experiences have affected France's approach to the use of military power, the role of allies and its vision of future warfare. In its management of strategic challenges, we identify the persistence of many traits of France's historical habits and practices. France remains a distinct, outward looking, and militarily willing and able European power. However, the threats that France has sought to address and the operational and financial constraints it has faced in the past decade in particular, have led to significant changes in its approach to and conduct of warfare. In particular, the threat of Islamist terrorism has led to a reframing of French governments' priorities around more narrowly-defined national interests. It has translated into a ‘pragmatic’, or ‘realist’ turn in foreign policy, and a move from ‘wars of choice’ to ‘wars of necessity’. In this context, France's military alliances are being rethought around a core number of functional partnerships to compensate for capability gaps and military overstretch. Meanwhile, French armed forces are getting prepared to face the challenges posed by emerging technologies and the future of Great-Power competition. Overall, the multiple security challenges faced by successive French governments have confirmed, yet redefined, the contours of France's traditional dilemma between a desire for an autonomous defense policy and the reality of a necessary reliance on allies.


2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Raksaka Mahi

Indonesia currently adopts a new decentralization policy. In the past, central government had been the major role of regional and cities development. With the new policy, central government has transferred its role in developing cities and regions to the local governments. This policy adopts two complimentary laws. Law No.22/1999, which is basically the devolution policy, has been accompanied by Law No.25/1999, which basically is the fiscal decentralization policy. Both laws reflect that decentralization policy in Indonesia has adopted the concept of "money follows functions".Before the implementation of decentralization policy, the government of cities had been benefited from many facilities built by central government on the city area. With the decentralization policy, it is expected that a reduced role of central government will have a significant impact on the growth of cities in Indonesia. The policy has three major fiscal instruments; a block grant funding, a specific grant and revenue sharing. The block grant funding is considered as the most important instruments of fiscal decentralization in Indonesia. About 80 percent of financial transfer from central to local governments will be in the block grant type of transfer. In the past, the use of transfers was determined by central government specifically. Therefore, the role of block grant was very minimal. With the new fiscal decentralization scheme, the benefits of cities from central government investments are expected to decrease. Therefore, there is a question to what extend the cities will be sustainable in the decentralization era.This paper attempts to answer the impacts of current fiscal decentralization policy on the growth of the cities. The first objective of the paper is to evaluate the current intergovernmental tranfers and their impact to cities revenues. Secondly, by utilizing a regional macroeconometric model, this paper also elaborates the implication of the transfers to the city growth and interregional disparity in Indonesia. 


Daedalus ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate O'Regan

In a society such as South Africa in which the past has been deeply unjust, and in which the law and judges have been central to that injustice, establishing a shared conception of justice is particularly hard. There are four important strands of history and memory that affect the conception of justice in democratic, post-apartheid South Africa. Two of these, the role of law in the implementation of apartheid, and the grant of amnesty to perpetrators of gross human rights violations, are strands of memory that tend to undermine the establishment of a shared expectation of justice through law. Two others, the deeprooted cultural practice of justice in traditional southern African communities, and the use of law in the struggle against apartheid, support an expectation of justice in our new order. Lawyers and judges striving to establish a just new order must be mindful of these strands of memory that speak to the relationship between law and justice.


2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
I ketut Ardhana

Indonesian government policies that emphasize economic growth and national stability, characterized by authoritarian and centralized government in the past, inflict a disparity in regional growth. The control of central government to the region, seems to disturb the sense of justice and the welfare of the people on the borderline territory which are considered retarded, isolated, and marginalized. Moreover, the increasing of smuggling, human trafficking, and terrorism has been disturbing the sense of historical awareness in relation to the issue of nationality. It started from reform era followed by regional autonomy policy gives space to the region government to balance the local development. This article discussed, first: The importance of History education in borderline territory, Second: ethnic historical concept and regional studies in borderline territory, third: ethnical integration based on sociocultural aspect of national character reinforcement in borderline, and fourth: history education development to increase the competitiveness, which also expected to strengthen the nationalism in borderline territory.


Humanus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Nora Eka Putri

Decentralization has become an important factor in managing smaller administrative region. The regional autonomy ruled by the central government through the legislation UU No. 32 in 2004 about Regional Government is expected to improve the outcome of policies of Indonesia’s local administration. One of the authorities delegated to the local administration is the responsibility to manage the natural resources, which is important in increasing the regional income for the development of the communities. However, the implementation of natural resource management still cause several problems such as environmental degradation, poverty, and income inequality. In order to solve the problems, politics play an important role in the regional policy making including the planning, budgeting, implementing and monitoring the policy as well as maximizing the role of communities’ participation. This cooperation between the local administration is expected to result in the effective, efficient, fair, and sustainable use of natural resources. Key words: natural resources management, politics of management, local administration


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