scholarly journals ersentase Mortalitas Ulat Grayak Terhadap Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Bunga Pukul Empat

bionature ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Irma Suryani ◽  
Nova Hariani ◽  
Ahmad Fudhail Majid ◽  
Siti Risqa
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Percentage Mortality ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Abstract. Caterpillar grayak (Spodoptera litura) is one of the pests in various types of vegetable plants are polyphagous and have a wide range of hosts. One common way of controlling farmers to overcome Spodoptera litura attack is to use insecticide. The use of insecticides that are not rational will accelerate the occurrence of pest resistance against insecticides. An alternative is needed to develop biological products which are generally narrow-spectrum chemicals to target organisms. Flowers at four (Mirabilis jalapa) contain bioactive compounds that are toxic. M. Jalapa contains some secondary metabolite compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols. Based on the description above it is necessary to conduct a research to determine the percentage mortality of caterpillar grayak on giving the leaf extract at four o'clock flowers. The method used is leaf dipping methods and analysis with POLO-PC software. The results showed that 1.6% concentration of extract of M. jalapa can kill the number of larvae as much as 30 tails with a percentage of 75% within 48 hours. The LC50 value of mortality of M. jalapa extract on Spodoptera litura larvae was 0,507% (0,378-0,661 with p <0,05) with slope1,516 ± 0,318.Keywords: Bioinsecticides, Mirabilis jalapa, Spodoptera litura, Mortality 

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SRIKAYA (Anonna squamosa) TERHADAP KEMATIAN KECOA AMERIKA (Periplaneta americana)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Denai Wahyuni ◽  
Reni Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Percentage Mortality

Cockroaches as mechanical vectors for some pathogenic microorganisms such as: Streptococus, Salmonella and contributing to spread diseases of dysentery, diarrhea, cholera, hepatitis A viruses and Polio. Controling of cockroaches presents using synthetic insecticides but it can be subtitutes by naturalinsecticides that called srikaya leaf extract. The aims of this study to looked the content of secondary metabolite compounds in srikaya leaves, determining the mortality of cockroaches and LC50. This study used 6 cockroaches with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20% and 30%, K (+) baygon, K (-) aquades with 3 times replications and observed for 3 hours. The data were analyzed using Probit Analysis to determine LC50. The result of identification of phytochemical compound, srikaya leaf contains flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and tannin. The percentage mortality of cockroach at concentration 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% respectively were 11,11%, 22,22%, 27,77%, and 53,33% with LC50 346.736 ppm.

scholarly journals Efek subletal campuran ekstrak daun srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) dan rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) terhadap larva Spodoptera litura F.

Agromix ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Ramadhan Taufika ◽  
Siti Sumarmi ◽  
Setyo Andi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Polyphagous Insects ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae are polyphagous insects whose populations cause damage to various types of plantations, horticulture, and food so that control efforts need to be done. One way to control the environment of environmentally friendly S. litura larvae is to use a plant-based insecticide, a mixture of A. squamosa leaf extract and C. domestica rhizome (test extract appendix). The purpose of this study was to determine the subletal effect of the test extract mixture on S. litura larvae, namely the duration of larvae and pupae stage, pupae weight, morphology and imago viability, and the ability of female imago to lay eggs to produce offspring. The test was carried out by the method of feed dip into the test extract mixture. Data on pupae weight were analyzed with ANOVA, followed by Duncan's further test with a 5% confidence level using SPSS 21 program. The results showed that the test extract mixture extended the stages of larvae and pupae, reduced pupa weight, imago wings did not develop fully, reduced imago size, and did not imago able to produce eggs. The results of this study could then be further tested on a greenhouse scale and photochemical analysis of a test extract mixture to determine bioactive compounds that act as plant-based insecticides.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF NYCTANTHES ARBOR-TRISTIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajani KS ◽  
Swasha Khandeparker Naik ◽  
Subhadarshini Satapathy ◽  
Sweta Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Wide Range

The present study highlights preliminary phytochemical analysis of the leaf extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis. Plants produce a wide range of bioactive molecules which make them as a rich source of various types of medicines. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is one of the well-known medicinal herbs of Indian origin belonging to family Oleaceae, commonly known as night Jasmine. The leaf extract is taken by percolation method. Various bioactive primary and secondary metabolites were tested using colour reactions with specific reagents. The study reveals that it contains some bioactive compounds which indicate that this plant might be used as anti-malarial, anti-viral and antidiabetic.

Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kepayang (Pangium edule Reinw.) sebagai Bahan Pestisida Nabati pada Mortalitas Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.)

BIOSCIENTIAE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Miaranty Archi ◽  
Evi Mintowati Kuntorini ◽  
Rusmiati Rusmiati
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Random Design ◽  
Rotary Evaporator ◽  
Observation Times ◽  
Dose Levels

Grayak caterpillar is a pest that always attacks the crops of horticultural and vegetables in Indonesia every growing season that causes farmers to experience crop failure. Kepayang plants contains some secondary metabolite compounds including high glycocyanide acid in each part of the plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect and optimal dosage of kepayang leaf extract as a vegetable pesticide on grayak caterpillar mortality. This research used Non-Factorial Randomized Complete Random Design (RCRD) with four treatments in two observation times and each treatment there were three replications. The extraction was done by maceration method using aceton p.a and thickened using rotary evaporator. Mustard as grayak caterpillar feed is dipped in kepayang leaf extract with three dose levels of 1.5gr / L, 1.75gr / L, and 2gr / L is observed for 72 hours and 96 hours. The results showed that pepper leaf extract had an effect on mortality of grayak caterpillar. Variant dose of pepper leaf extract (1.5gr / L, 1.75gr / L, and 2gr / L) in this study have the same cidal effect on grayak caterpillar.

Phytochemical screening for identification of bioactive compounds of Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) responsible for larvicidal action against Aedes triseriatus Say, 1823 (Diptera : Culicidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Rhitayu Chakraborti ◽  
Probir Kumar Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Lc50 Value

Study to assess the larvicidal property of Lantana camara leaves against Aedes triseriatus larvae found that the ethyl acetate extract had profound larvicidal action with the crude extract having a LC50 value of 409.831ppm. GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extract confirmed the presence of twenty-one compounds out of which beta-caryophyllene covered the highest percentage of the chromatogram area. Further tests with beta-caryophyllene against the mosquito larvae proved it to be the active ingredient of L. Camara with a LC50 value of 104.243ppm.

USE OF CELL AND MOLECULAR GENETIC MANIPULATION TO IMPROVE PASTURE PLANTS

1988 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
D.W.R. White
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pasture Plants

Cell culture and genetic engineering techniques can be used to develop improved pasture plants. To utilise these methods we have developed procedures for regenerating plants from tissue cultures of perennial ryegrass and white clover. In both, the plant genotype influences regeneration capacity. There was significant genetic variation among regenerated perennial ryegrass plants in a wide range of characteristics. Most of the regenerants were resIstant to crown rust and this trait was highly heritable. This rust resistance is being used to breed a new ryegrass cultivar. A system for introducing cloned genes into white clover is described. This capability is bemg used to incorporate genes with the potential to improve nutritional quality and pest resistance. Other possibilities for engineering genetic improvements in white clover, genes conferring herbicide tolerance and resistance to white clover mosaic virus, are briefly outlined. Keywords: Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, cell culture, somaclonal variation, crown rust resistance, transformation, cloned genes, nutritional quality, proteinase inhibitors, Bt toxins, pest resistance, WCMV viral cross-protection, herbicide tolerance, Agrobacterium, Bacillus thuringenisis.

Pharmacologically potentials of different substituted coumarin derivatives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Coumarin Compounds

Coumarin and its derivatives are widely spread in nature. Coumarin goes to agroup as benzopyrones, which consists of a benzene ring connected to a pyronemoiety. Coumarins displayed a broad range of pharmacologically useful profile.Coumarins are considered as a promising group of bioactive compounds thatexhibited a wide range of biological activities like anti-microbial, anti-viral,antiparasitic, anti-helmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer,anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-convulsant, and antihypertensiveactivities etc. The coumarin compounds have immense interest due to theirdiverse pharmacological properties. In particular, these biological activities makecoumarin compounds more attractive and testing as novel therapeuticcompounds.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KONSENTRASI BIOINSEKTISIDA DAUN DAN BIJI MIMBA (Azadirachta indica) TERHADAP KEMATIAN ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Ajiningrum ◽  
I. A. K. Pramushinta
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Variant Analysis ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Army Worm

Red spinach (Alternanthera amoena) is one of the vegetable commodities that many people in demand for consumption because of its high nutritional content. Efforts to increase the production of red spinach often experience various obstacles. The main obstacle that limits the productivity of red spinach in the tropics is the number of Plant Disturbing Organisms  in the form of pests and potential diseases that can attack and decrease the production of spinach. One of the pests that often attack spinach is the existence of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.). Therefore, farmers need a way to eradicate the pest. This research is experimental using Random Complete Group. The data obtained were analyzed with variant analysis (ANOVA) in one direction and continued with LSD (Least Significant Different) test. Provision of botanical insecticide done by spraying the extract of leaves and seeds mimba with concentration dose 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. In the final analysis of mortality data of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.) treated with mimba leaf extract obtained significant value of 76.263 at a significant level of 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is influence of mimba leaf extract on mortality of army worm. In the final analysis of mortality data of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.) treated with mimba seed extract obtained significant value of 78.625 at a significant level of 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is an effect of mimba seeds extract on mortality army worm.   Keywords: mimba leaf extract,  mimba seed extract, red spinach (Alternanthera amoena), army worm (Spodoptera litura F.), botanical insecticide

Evaluation of antioxidant enzyme content, phenolic content, and antibacterial activity of Commiphora gileadensis grown in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-343
Author(s):  
Yaaser Q. Almulaiky ◽  
Ammar AL-Farga
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Peel Extract

Commiphora gileadensis is commonly used in Saudi Arabia for oral hygiene. A lack of data about its biological activity encouraged us to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of its leaf and stem extracts. Ethanol, methanol, acetone and deionized water were tested as extraction solvents. 80% methanol gave the highest extracted concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid substances. The leaf and stem extracts were respectively evaluated for their radical scavenging activity with DPPH (EC50 = 3.39, and 1.06), ABTS (EC50 = 0.690, and 0.55), and peroxide scavenging activity (EC50 = 2.43, and 1.28). GC-MS identified a wide range of compounds that may be responsible for these activities of the results observed. The highest levels of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and lycopene were found in the leaf extract while level of proanthocyanidins was found in the stem peels extract. The peroxidase and catalase activities of stem peel extract were higher than those of the leaf extract. The findings showed that the leaf and stem peel extracts of C. gileadensis exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the test organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for the plant extracts were compared with the standard reference drug Augmentin but the time–kill curves for the C. gileadensis extracts showed that they were less effective than Augmentin. Moreover, the stem peel extract exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than the leaf extract. In conclusion, C. gileadensis can be an important source of natural antioxidants, used as a healthy chewing stick for teeth brushing and oral hygiene purposes.

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