scholarly journals Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Aseton Daun Tumbuhan Tembelekan (Lantana camara Linn.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Rosni Kotala ◽  
Diana Eka Pratiwi ◽  
Ramdani Ramdani
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Secondary Alcohols ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Point Test ◽  
Acetone Fractionation ◽  
Spectrum Data

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplorasi yang bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak aseton daun tumbuhan tembelekan (Lantana camara Linn.). Daun tumbuhan ini diperoleh dari Kabupaten Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap yaitu preparasi sampel, maserasi dengan aseton, fraksinasi, pemurnian, dan identifikasi. Isolat yang diperoleh berbentuk serbuk berwarna putih yang terdekomposisi pada suhu 222 0C dan uji pereaksi menunjukan hasil positif pada pereaksi Lieberman- Buchard. Data dari hasil Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan pada bilangan gelombang 3126.61 cm-1 mengandung gugus hidroksil (OH), alkil (CH2 danCH3)padabilangangelombang2956,80cm-1 ,C-Oalkoholsekunder pada bilangan gelombang 1039.63 cm-1dan alkena (C=C) tak terkonjugasi pada bilanagan gelombang 1678,07 cm-1. Berdasarkan uji titik leleh, uji pereaksi serta data spektrum FTIR isolat diduga senyawa steroid yang termasuk golongan sterol (steroid alkohol). Kata kunci : Lantana camara Linn., Isolasi, Aseton, Sterol ABSTRACT This exploratory research aimed to isolate and identificate the secondary metabolite compound in aceton extract of tembelekan leaves (Lantana camara Linn.). Samples were obtained from Wajo regency, South Sulawesi. This research was conducted in several steps; preparation, maceration with acetone, fractionation, purification, and identification. The result obtained pure isolate form white powder, melting point of 222 0C and reagent test showed positive of Burchard Lieberman. Data spectrum of FTIR showed wave number (cm-1) of 3126.61 cm-1 as a hydroxyl group (OH), alkyl (CH2 and CH3) at wave number 2956.80 cm-1, CO secondary alcohols at wave number 1039.63 cm-1 and alkene (C = C) unconjugated at wave number of 1678.07 cm-1. Based on the melting point test, reagent test and FTIR spectrum data showed that the isolate steroid compound as sterol group (alcohol steroid). Keywords : Lantana camara Linn., Isolation, Acetone, Sterols

scholarly journals Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak n-Heksana Daun Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelica Houtt Merr.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Andi Surya Rahayu AM ◽  
Pince Salempa ◽  
Mohammad Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Crystal Shape ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Lannea Coromandelica ◽  
Needle Crystal ◽  
Test Result

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplorasi yang bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam ekstrak n-heksana Daun Lannea coromandelica Houtt Merr. yang berasal dari kecamatan Cina, kabupaten Bone, Sulawesi Selatan. Isolasi dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap yaitu maserasi, partisi dengan n-heksana, fraksinasi, pemurnian dan identifikasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh isolat murni berupa kristal jarum berwarna putih dengan titik leleh 140,20C. Hasil uji dengan pereaksi Meyer menghasilkan endapan putih dan Wagner menghasilkan endapan coklat menunjukkan positif alkaloid. Identifikasi dengan spektroskopi infra merah memberikan serapan pada bilangan gelombang (cm-1) : 3502,73 ; 2954,99 ; 2868,15 ; 1687,71; 1463,97; 1382,96; 1330,88; dan 1037,70 yang menunjukkan adanya gugus fungsi -N-H, -C-H alifatik (CH2 dan CH3), -C=O, -C=C, dan -C-N. Kata kunci : Daun L.coromandelica Houtt Merr., Isolasi, Alkaloid. ABSTRACT This study is exploratory research that aims to isolate the secondary metabolite compound contained in n-hexane extract of Lannea coromandelica Houtt Merr. leaves from Cina district, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi. The isolation was done through several stages, maceration, partitioning with n-hexane, fractionation, purification and identification. The results was obtained in pure needle crystal shape with a melting point 140,2°C. The test result with the Meyer reagent showed the formation of a white precipitated and the Wagner test showed the formation of a brown precipitated, there for it can be categorized as positive alkaloid. Identification with an infrared spectroscopy giving absorbance at the wave number (cm-1): 3502,73 ; 2954,99 ; 2868,15 ; 1687,71; 1463,97; 1382,96; 1330,88; and 1037,70 refers of function groups -N-H, -C-H aliphatic (CH2 and CH3), -C=O, -C=C, and -C-N. Keywords : L.coromandelica Houtt Merr., Leaves, Isolation, Alkaloid.

scholarly journals Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Fraksi Metanol Batang Belajang Susu (Scindapsus pictus Hassk.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Nurul Amaliah ◽  
Pince Salempa ◽  
Muharram Muharram
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Ftir Spectrum ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Spectrum Data

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplorasi yang bertujuan untuk mengisolasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam fraksi metanol batang belajang susu (S. pictus Hassk). Sampel penelitian diambil dari kecamatan Mambi, kabupaten Mamasa, Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap yaitu ekstraksi (maserasi), fraksinasi, pemurnian, dan identifikasi. Isolat murni yang diperoleh dengan cara rekristalisasi berupa kristal berwarna putih berbentuk serbuk dengan titik leleh 250-252oC. Identifikasi dengan spektrofotometer inframerah memberikan serapan yang khas untuk gugus fungsi OH, CH2 dan CH3 gem dimetil, C-O, serta =C-H. Berdasarkan hasil uji golongan dan data spektrum FTIR maka disimpulkan bahwa senyawa yang diperoleh adalah senyawa golongan triterpenoid. Kata kunci: Belajang Susu, S. pictus Hassk dan Triterpenoid ABSTRACT This research is an exploratory research that aimed to isolating compounds of secondary metabolite methanol fraction of Belajang Susu (Scindapsus pictus Hassk) stem extract. The sample of this research is taken from Mambi sub-district, Mamasa district, West Sulawesi. The research was done through several stages: extraction (maceration), fractionation, purification and identification. The pure isolates obtained by recrystallization in form of the white crystals, powder crystals with melting point 250-252oC. Identification with an infrared spectrophotometer giving wave number of functional groups OH, CH2 and CH3 gem dimetyl, C-O, and =C-H. Based on the results of the group test and FTIR spectrum data it was concluded that the compounds obtained were triterpenoid group compounds. Keywords: Belajang Susu, S. pictus Hassk, and Triterpenoid

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etil Asetat Kulit Batang Mangrove Pedada (Sonneratia caseolaris)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ita Hasmila ◽  
Muhammad Danial ◽  
Netti Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Purity Testing ◽  
Brown Powder

ABSTRAK Penelitian eksplorasi ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris yang diperoleh dari daerah pinggiran Sungai Tallo Kelurahan Paccerakkang, Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan. Isolasi dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu maserasi, partisi, fraksinasi, uji kemurnian dan identifikasi. Hasil penelitian berupa isolat murni berbentuk serbuk berwarna cokelat muda yang terdekomposisi pada suhu 140 0C. Pengujian dengan FeCl3 menunjukkan bahwa isolat positif flavonoid. Hal ini didukung oleh beberapa data spektrum FTIR pada isolat yang menunjukkan bilangan gelombang (cm- 1) yakni: 3380.93 (OH), 2954.95 (OH asam karboksilat), 1697.36 (C=O asam karboksilat), 1606.7 (C=C alkena); 2926.01 dan 2852.72 (CH3 dan CH2); 1359.82 (NO2); 1446.61 (C=C aromatik), 1211.3; 1188.15 dan 1037.7 (C-O alkohol) dan 1107.14 (C−O aril eter). Kata kunci: Isolasi, Etil Asetat, Sonneratia caseolaris, Flavonoid ABSTRACT This exploratory research have aim to isolate and identification the secondary metabolite compound contained in the etil acetate extract bark of Sonneratia caseolaris from Tallo River side, Paccerakkang district, Makassar City, South Sulawesi. Isolation were doned in several stages, were maceration, partitioning, fractionation, purity testing and identification. The result was obtained of pure isolate, it was light-brown powder with decompotition of 1400C. Identification result with FeCl3 test showed this isolate was flavanoid compound. It obtained with data spectrum of infrared result, where isolate showed several wave number (cm-1) were: 3380.93 (OH), 2954.95 (OH acid carboxilate), 1697.36 (C=O acid carboxilate), 1606.7 (C=C alchena); 2926.01 and 2852.72 (CH3 and CH2); 1359.82 (NO2); 1446.61 (C=C aromatic), 1211.3; 1188.15 and 1037.7 (C-O alcohol); 1107.14 (C−O aril eter). Keywords: Isolation, Etil Acetate, Sonneratia caseolaris, Flavonoid

PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK BIJI KESUMBA KELING ( Bixa orellana L) SEBAGAI PEWARNA ALAMI PADA SEDIAN LIPSTIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Luky Dharmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
Point Test ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Sediment Test ◽  
Orange Color

Lipstick (Lipstick) is a cosmetic sedan that is used to color the lips with an artistic touch so as to enhance aesthetics in facial makeup. One of the plants that can be used as natural dyes is kelumba keling (Bixa orellana L). Kesumba rivet contains bixsin and nonbixin compounds, which can be used as natural dyes that have the potential as antioxidants. The aim of this study is to utilize kelumba keling as a natural coloring agent in lipstick sedans.Making Keeling keumba seed extract by maceration using 70% ethanol as a solvent. The formulation was made by means of a lipstick base added with variations in the concentration of kesumba keling seed extract 18%, 20%, 22%. Tests carried out on a lipstick sedan made include organoleptic test, irritation test, PH test, melting point test, lipstick sediment test , during storage for 30 days.The results of the test of the lipstick extract of the kesumba rivet seed in the stable orange color organoleptic test can be seen in the irritation test of the non-irritating lipstick sedan, at the melting point test at 51oC for 15 minutes formulation F0, F1, F2, F3 the lipstick made can melt, at Sedian rub test was carried out 5 times basting. In this study it can be concluded that the kesumba keling seed extract can be used as a natural coloring agent in lipstick sedans. Kata Kunci    : Biji Kesumba Keling, Lipstik, Evaluasi lipstik

Synthesis of Three Novel Aromatic Biazomethine Liquid- Crystalline Epoxy Resins and Curing Reaction with Aromatic Diamine

2011 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Jun Gang Gao ◽  
Xiao Na Zhang ◽  
Yong Gang Du
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Diphenyl Ether ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Aromatic Diamine ◽  
Curing Reaction ◽  
Ozawa Equation ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Epoxy ◽  
Clearing Temperature

Three class of novel liquid crystalline epoxy resins containing azomething groups: N,N’-Bis[4-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)benzylidene]-4,4-diamino-diphenyl ether (p-BEPBDDE), N,N’-Bis[4-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)benzylidene]-4,4-diamino-diphenyl methane (p-BEPBDDM) and N,N’-Bis[(4-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-benzyliden)-1,4- phenylene diamine] (p-BEPBPD) were synthesized and characterized. The results show that p-BEBDDE and p-BEBDDM belong to smectic texture and melting point is 239.5 and 178 oC, respectively. The p-BEPBD is nematic texture between its melting temperature (Tm) of 192 oC and clearing temperature (Ti) of 238 oC. The curing reaction can be described by Ozawa equation, and the alcohol-hydroxyl group can accelerate the curing reaction and decrease Ea in DSC experiment.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Cinnamic Acid Based on Perkin Reaction Using Sonochemical Method and Its Potential as Photoprotective Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Erwin Indriyanti ◽  
Masitoh Suryaning Prahasiwi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Sonochemical Method ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Perkin Reaction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
C Nmr

<p>Cinnamic acid plays a vital role in the synthesis of other important compounds and as a precursor for the synthesis of commercial cinnamon esters used in perfumery, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this research is to synthesize cinnamic acid using sonochemical methods. Cinnamic acid was synthesized using Perkin reaction by reacting 0.05 mole of benzaldehyde with 0.073 mole of acetic acid anhydride and 0.03 mole of sodium acetate as a catalyst in the Erlenmeyer flask and then the mixture was put in a sonicator for 60 minutes at 70 <sup>o</sup>C. The synthesized compound was tested organoleptic properties, and the melting point was measured. The chemical structure was elucidated using FT-IR, H-NMR, and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR. The photoprotective activity was examined from its antioxidant and SPF values. The synthesized compound was found in the form of a shiny white fine crystal which had distinctive odor with a yield of 4.98% and the melting point was found at 133<sup> o</sup>C. In the structure elucidation using FT-IR (the aromatic ring absorption at the wave number 1580 cm<sup>-1</sup> -1600 cm<sup>-1</sup>. The wave number 1625 cm<sup>-1</sup>is an aromatic conjugated alkene group, while wave  number 1689.4 cm<sup>-1 </sup>is a carbonyl group. The wave number 2500 cm<sup>-1 </sup>– 3250 cm<sup>-1 </sup>is an OH carboxylic acid group) , H-NMR (7.410 (<em>m</em>, 5H, Ar-H); 7.425(<em>t</em>, 1H); 7.572 (<em>d</em>, 1H); 8.057 (d, 1H,C=CH) and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR (129.309 ppm; 130.998 ppm; 134.58 ppm; 170.017 ppm) showed that when compared with the standard compound as the reference, the synthesized compound was confirmed to be cinnamic acid. The antioxidant activity test showed that at the concentration of 20 ppm the synthesized compound was able to reduce free radicals by 46.69%. This finding showed that  the synthesized compound had antioxidant activity.</p>

scholarly journals Creep Instability of Ice Sheets

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (74) ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
Garry K.C. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Finite Thickness ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Slab Thickness ◽  
Perturbation Equation ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Advection Velocity

Abstract The equation governing the growth or decay of a temperature perturbation T’ in an ice slab under shear stress σ xy is where K and k are respectively the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ice, KB-v is the advection velocity normal to the bed and is the rate of increase of strain heating with temperature assuming a power law for flow. For a slab of infinite thickness under constant stress and at constant ambient temperature, T Fourier analysis gives -k2+a/k &lt; o as the condition for stability where k is the wave number of a sinusoidal perturbation. When the slab has finite thickness the stability depends on the sign of the eigenvalues λm of the perturbation equation and on the boundary condition at the ice-rock interface. In general the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues must be found by approximate methods such as the Rayleigh-Ritz procedure but in the case where the stress and ambient temperature are constant over the slab thickness and there is no advection the eigenfunctions are either sines or cosines depending on the boundary conditions. In this special case the stability condition is if the bed is frozen and if it is at the melting point. The eigenvalue associated with the smallest value of m is the least stable so the maximum stable thickness is thus h = ½ π(a/K)1/2 if the bed is frozen or h = π (a/K)1/2 if it is at the melting point. For typical flow-law parameters these depths are around 250 m and 500 m respectively. The eigenvalues are related in a simple way to the growth or decay rates of the eigenfunctions: (K λm)–1 is the time constant for the mth eigenfunction. Depth-dependent stress, temperature, and advection have a marked effect on stability. A slab in which stress and temperature increase to values B and T B at the bed is considerably more stable than a slab held at constant stressσB and a constant temperature T B. Advection normal to the bed also has a major influence on stability. If the advection velocity is taken to vary linearly with depth and the bed is frozen, the effect of upward advection is to decrease stability and of downward advection to increase it. When the bed is temperate the effect of advection is more complex: downward advection increases stability but upward advection may increase or decrease it depending on the magnitude of the advection velocity.

A stereoselective synthesis of sucrose. Part II. Theoretical and chemical considerations

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Fraser-Reid ◽  
David Erle Iley
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Stereoselective Synthesis ◽  
Primary Alcohol ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Borohydride Reduction ◽  
Conjugated Diene

Under the agency of an iodonium ion, the tertiary anomeric hydroxyl of tetraacetyl fructofuranose adds stereoselectively in a 1,4 sense, to a pyranoid 4,6-O-benzylidenated conjugated diene receptor. The resulting disaccharide, isolated in 45% yield, is an hex-2-enopyranoside possessing an allylic primary iodide which can be oxidised to an aldehyde either directly or after hydrolysis to the allylic primary alcohol. The aldehyde is decarbonylated and the unsubstituted hex-2-enopyranoside formed undergoes hydroxylation giving exclusively the manno-diol. After protecting the equatorial hydroxyl as the benzoate ester, the axial 2-hydroxyl group is inverted via oxidation followed by borohydride reduction. Acetylation gives the known 4,6-O-benzylidene hexaacetyl derivative of sucrose, which is identified by mixture melting point.

scholarly journals Manufacture Glycerol Byproducts From Waste Cooking Oil Through The Transesterification Process In Various Brands Of Oil In The Indonesian Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
Monica Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Cosmetic Industry

  Abstract.   Waste cooking oil is oil that has been used repeatedly, up to 2-4 times in the frying pan. The large number of Indonesian people who often consume waste cooking oil due to economic factors. The use of oil repeatedly reduces the nutritional value and affects the quality and value of fried food ingredients. However, this waste is very useful, it can be processed into glycerol which is useful in the cosmetic industry. The objective of this research is to prove that the glycerol byproduct of waste cooking oil with various oil brands in the Indonesian market has similar functional groups to commercial glycerol. The research was carried out experimentally by making glycerol using waste cooking oil. Glycerol is made using a transesterification process. Transesterification (alcoholic reaction) is a vegetable fat or oil that is reacted with alcohol to produce an ester and glycerol as a byproduct with the help of an alkaline catalyst. Evaluation of glycerol includes organoleptic, specific gravity, viscosity, glycerol content, ash content, moisture content, and sugar content. The results of the study using FTIR showed that the commercial glycerol wave number was 3291cm-1, brand X at 3291cm-1, and brand Y at 3267cm-1, which indicated the presence of an OH (hydroxyl) group. Commercial glycerol absorption bands at 2931 and 2877 cm-1, brand X at 2933 and 2879 cm-1, and brand Y at 2931 and 2877cm-1, indicating the presence of aliphatic (alkyl) CH groups. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the glycerol byproduct of waste cooking oil using the Indonesian market brands X and Y has similar functional groups to commercial glycerol. However, glycerol is the byproduct of waste cooking oil brand X which has the most similarities with commercial glycerol.   Keyword: waste cooking oil, glycerol, transesterification, oil Indonesian market  

Isolation and Characterization of Flavonoids from Black Glutinous Rice (Oryza Sativa L. Var Glutinosa)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Sri Benti Etika ◽  
Iryani Iryani
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Powder Analysis

This study aims to isolate and characterize the isolated flavonoid compounds from glutinous rice (Oryza Sativa L. Var Glutinosa). The method that used was maserasi with methanol solvent, multilevel fractionation with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The separation of chemical components using column chromatography and tested its purity by melting point test and TLC. Characterization of isolated flavonoids using color reagents (H2SO4, NaOH, Mg-HCl), KKt-2A, UV-Vis and FT-IR. The powder (amorphous) flavonoid isolation results have a melting point of 236.5-237.8 oC. Flavonoid powder added H2SO4 produces a yellow color, with NaOH producing a violet color, and Mg-HCl produces a red color. KKt-2A with a BAA developer has Rf 0.49 and 15% acetic acid having Rf 0.09. The UV-Vis spectrum shows maximum absorption at 532 nm wavelength. The results of powder analysis (amorphous) flavonoid using FT-IR showed absorption at wave number 3.330,40 cm-1, 2838,96 cm-1, 1,656,23 cm-1, 1,421,85 cm-1, 1,112,25 cm-1, 1,019,27 cm-1 and 697,76 cm-1. According to those data it can be concluded that flavonoids that isolated have the form of powder (amorphous) which belong to anthocyanin group that have o-diOH on ring B and have a conjugated double bond.Keywords- Black Sticky Rice, Flavonoid, Fractionation, FT-IR, Maserasi, UV-Vis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document