SUSTAINABLE FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR SMALL MEDIUM COFFEE FARMERS IN SUMEDANG REGENCY, INDONESIA

Coffee is one of Indonesia's leading export commodities. One of the coffee-producing areas in Indonesia is Sukawangi Village, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province. As the sole actor in running a business, the business actor never calculates the production costs that arise into the cost element. One of the problems of SMEs is the lack of knowledge of SME entrepreneurs about good business management. The next problem faced by SME entrepreneurs is increasing their business competitiveness. Another problem of SMEs that often escapes the attention of UKM entrepreneurs is branding. The last mistake that many UKM players make is that many are not aware that manual bookkeeping is a serious problem for SMEs. In this study, the authors performed a literature synthesis to understand the underlying reasons for issues faced by SMEs about good business management. From the analysis, it can be concluded that consumer behaviour/ preferences/ shops; value chain/ geographical; sustainability/ environment; finance farming; regulation/ certification; and COVID-19 plays a significant part in determining the success of coffee production. Further studies should be performed to test this conceptual model in Indonesia. The results of the study can be useful for all the stakeholders in the coffee Industry, particularly the coffee farmers.

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Fairtrade and Market Efficiency: Fairtrade-Labeled Coffee in the Swedish Coffee Market

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies8020030 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Dick Durevall

Keyword(s):

Market Efficiency ◽

Lower Bounds ◽

Production Costs ◽

Upper And Lower Bounds ◽

Scanner Data ◽

Coffee Farmers ◽

Additional Costs ◽

Almost All ◽

The Cost ◽

Ground Coffee

Fairtrade labeling has the potential to increase market efficiency by connecting farmers to altruistic consumers who are willing to pay a premium for sustainability-certified products. A requirement for increased efficiency, though, is that the farmers’ benefits are larger than the Fairtrade processing costs and the excess payment by consumers that does not accrue to farmers; otherwise direct transfers to farmers would be more efficient. This paper analyzes how excess payment for Fairtrade-labeled coffee is distributed in the Swedish market, using information on production costs and scanner data on almost all roasted and ground coffee products sold by retailers. A key finding is that roasters and retailers get 61–70%, while producer countries, in this paper comprising coffee farmers, cooperatives, middlemen, exporters, and Fairtrade International, get 24–31%; Fairtrade Sweden gets 6–8%. These values are the upper and lower bounds that reflect assumptions made about the additional costs of producing roasted and ground Fairtrade coffee, given the cost of beans and the Fairtrade license. The Fairtrade label thus seems to create a coffee product that roasters and retailers can use to exploit their market power.

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ANALISA PENYEBAB TURUNNYA PRODUKSI KOPI ROBUSTA KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan) ◽

10.24034/j25485024.y2021.v5.i3.4612 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Berliana Anggun Septiani ◽

Istiarsi Saptuti Sri Kawuryan

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Primary Data ◽

Value Chain Analysis ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Directorate General ◽

Coffee Farmers ◽

Coffee Sector

Indonesia has a potency in the coffee sector. Many robusta coffee farmers really depending on the coffee sector. For the example, 75% of coffee farmers in Temanggung Regency work in the robusta coffee sector. Fluctuations and declining coffee production can be a burden for coffee potency optimization and decreasing the income of the coffee farmers. This study aims to determine the factors that can affect the declining of Robusta coffee production in Temanggung Regency. The analytical methods used in this study are Value Chain Analysis, Forward Linkage and Backward Linkage, and Fishbone Analysis. The author is using secondary and primary data. Secondary data was obtained from Statistics Indonesia and Directorate General of Plantations at the Ministry of Agriculture.Primary data was obtained from interviews with 3 key informans Robusta coffee farmers in Gesing Village who eligible. The result showed that age of plants and distance of each plants, lack of coffee picking services, weather and lack of cooperation and other sectors, such as the trade sector and the industrial sector can lead into a decreasing of coffee production.

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Opportunities and Challenges in the Utilization of Warehouse Receipts for Coffee Farmers in Central Aceh District

Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum ◽

10.24815/kanun.v23i3.22638 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 379-398

Author(s):

Susiana Susiana ◽

Khairani Khairani ◽

Safrina Safrina ◽

Lena Farsia

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Financial Institutions ◽

Research Data ◽

Production Costs ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Certification Process ◽

Excellent Opportunity ◽

Coffee Farmers ◽

Farmer Groups ◽

The Government

This article aims to analyze and explain the opportunities and challenges for coffee farmers in obtaining financing from banks using Warehouse Receipts (RG) as collateral. Capital for coffee production costs is one of the obstacles coffee farmers face in Central Aceh. As one of the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) commodities, coffee can be used as collateral in the form of Warehouse Receipts issued by the WRS warehouse. It is under the provisions of Law No. 9 of 2009 concerning WRS. This research is empirical juridical research. Data were obtained through interviews with farmers/farmer groups, warehouse managers, and Disperindagkop Central Aceh District. This research found that Central Aceh farmers/farmer groups have an excellent opportunity to get financing with Warehouse Receipts as collateral. It can be seen from the support of the local Government in accelerating the certification process for 3 WRS warehouses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, in Central Aceh, 5 WRS warehouses can accommodate the harvests of farmers/farmer groups. In addition, the existence of farmer groups and cooperatives can also strengthen farmers' opportunities to meet the require-ments for obtaining Warehouse Receipts. However, currently, the implementation of the WRS in Central Aceh is still not running optimally. It can be seen from the use of WRS, which is still very minimal. Of the five available WRS warehouses, only two have issued Warehouse Receipts, namely 110 SRG warehouses owned by the Government and PT. 3. In addition, currently, WRS is only used by entrepreneurs/cooperateves/ex-porters, while farmers/farmer groups have not yet utilized it. Until now, farmers/farmer groups still use the mechanism of selling coffee directly to collectors, which harms them in certain circumstances. The farmers do not use this WRS to obtain financing from the bank or delay selling. Another obstacle is related to the implementation of the Qanun on Sharia Financial Institutions in Aceh.

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IMPROVEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

International scientific journal Internauka Series Economical Sciences ◽

10.25313/2520-2294-2020-11-6486 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Nataliya Stoyanets ◽

◽

Mathias Onuh Aboyi ◽

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Net Present Value ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Innovative Development ◽

Technological Equipment ◽

Alliance Partner ◽

Innovation Potential ◽

Wide Range ◽

Technological Platform ◽

The Cost

The article defines that for the successful implementation of an innovative project and the introduction of a new product into production it is necessary to use advanced technologies and modern software, which is an integral part of successful innovation by taking into account the life cycle of innovations. It is proposed to consider the general potential of the enterprise through its main components, namely: production and technological, scientific and technical, financial and economic, personnel and actual innovation potential. Base for the introduction of technological innovations LLC "ALLIANCE- PARTNER", which provides a wide range of support and consulting services, services in the employment market, tourism, insurance, translation and more. To form a model of innovative development of the enterprise, it is advisable to establish the following key aspects: the system of value creation through the model of cooperation with partners and suppliers; creating a value chain; technological platform; infrastructure, determine the cost of supply, the cost of activities for customers and for the enterprise as a whole. The system of factors of influence on formation of model of strategic innovative development of the enterprise is offered. The expediency of the cost of the complex of technological equipment, which is 6800.0 thousand UAH, is economically calculated. Given the fact that the company plans to receive funds under the program of socio-economic development of Sumy region, the evaluation of the effectiveness of the innovation project, the purchase of technological equipment, it is determined that the payback period of the project is 3 years 10 months. In terms of net present value (NPV), the project under study is profitable. The project profitability index (PI) meets the requirements for a positive decision on project implementation> 1.0. The internal rate of return of the project (IRR) also has a positive value of 22% because it exceeds the discount rate.

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SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

Accountia Journal (Accounting Trusted, Inspiring, Authentic Journal) ◽

10.35915/accountia.v3i02.382 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (02) ◽

pp. 397

Author(s):

SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽

RIZKI AMELYA SYAM

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Field Research ◽

Analytical Tool ◽

Production Costs ◽

Raw Material ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Material Costs ◽

Library Research ◽

The Difference ◽

The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.

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PENGEMBANGAN USAHA RUMAHAN PEMBUAT ROTI MANIS ANGGOTA KOMUNITAS MEMASAK CHEF DEPOK

Jurnal Industri Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan ◽

10.36441/kewirausahaan.v1i2.175 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Endang Wulandari ◽

Rahmawati Rahmawati

Keyword(s):

Business Management ◽

Business Development ◽

Know How ◽

The Cost ◽

Good Food

AbstrakKomunitas memasak Chef Depok adalah kelompok wanita yang ingin meningkatkan kemampuan dan wawasan dalam bidang kuliner, dan ingin mendapatkan penghasilan tambahan dengan membuat berbagai masakan terutama roti manis. Kelompok ini masih memiliki masalah. Mitra belum bisa menentukan harga pokok produk dengan benar, belum mempunyai pembukuan, dan kondisi produk yang tidak konsisten. Pengembangan usaha rumahan pembuat roti manis anggota komunitas memasak Chef Depok telah dilakukan. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Perbaikan dan pendampingan manajemen usaha; dan 2) Standarisasi proses pembuatan roti manis sehingga produk yang dihasilkan konsisten dan sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Tim abdimas bertindak sebagai fasilitator dan telah melakukan pendampingan untuk menentukan harga pokok produk dan pembukuan sederhana. Selain itu mitra telah mengetahui cara produksi pangan yang baik, standarisasi resep, dan penerapan higiene dan sanitasi yang baik sehingga dihasilkan produk roti manis yang konsisten. Pengetahuan dan kemampuan mitra terhadap materi yang diberikan meningkat rata-rata sebesar 57.75%. Kata kunci—Komunitas Chef Depok, roti manis, harga pokok produk, pembukuan sederhana, cara produksi yang baik, higienis Abstract The Depok Chef cooking community is a group of women who want to improve ability and insight in the culinary field, and want to earn income additions by making various dishes, especially sweet bread. This group is still have a problem. Partners have not been able to determine the cost of goods properly, not yet have accounting, and inconsistent product conditions. Business development home made sweet bread maker member of the Chef Depok cooking community. Aim these activities are: 1) Improvement and mentoring of business management; and 2) Standardization the process of making sweet bread so that the resulting product is consistent and in accordance with which are desired. The abdimas team acts as a facilitator and has provided assistance to determine the cost of goods and simple bookkeeping. In addition partners have know how to produce good food, standardize recipes, and apply hygiene and good sanitation to produce consistent sweet bread products. Knowledge and the partner's ability to deliver the material increased by an average of 57.75%. Keywords— Chef Depok Cooking’s Community ; Sweet Bread ; Cost of Good Properly ; Simple Bookkeeping ; Produce Good food ; Hygienis

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ANALISIS PENGARUH BIAYA OPERASIONAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PENERBANGAN NASIONAL

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE ◽

10.36766/ijag.v1i2.16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 81-107

Author(s):

Dheny Biantara

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Cost Efficiency ◽

Cost Reduction ◽

Cost Leadership ◽

Oil Pricing ◽

The Cost ◽

Operation Flexibility ◽

Airline Maintenance

Summarized Indonesian airline executive views on the reason for the cost problem in mayor airline andon the potential areas and measures of cost reduction in airline operation. Present an introductionsurvey where 3 executives from 3 Indonesian airlines were respondent. In the executive opinion the costproblem in mayor Indonesian airline is primarily due to fuel and oil pricing and money currency. Of thevarious function in airline maintenance was seen as least cost efficiency, whereas flight operation wasseen as an area with most potential for cost reduction. Indonesian airline had made route and fleetchanges after the beginning of 2011 to reduce cost, concludes from the analisys result havingprivatization would be an important step towards more efficient airline operation. Flexibility fromIndonesian airline regulatory would be very much welcome and the value chain concept to improveIndonesian airline having competitive adventage and cost leadership differentiation.

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Monitoring the technological processes in the wood industry in order to make them more efficient through technical overhauling

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201929002007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 290 ◽

pp. 02007

Author(s):

Radu Dan Paltan ◽

Cristina Biriş ◽

Loredana Anne-Marie Rădulescu

Keyword(s):

Automotive Industry ◽

Operating Mode ◽

Solid Wood ◽

Production Costs ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Future Research ◽

Wood Industry ◽

Research Article ◽

State Of Research ◽

The Cost

Of many techniques that are used to optimize production and costs, the studies conducted within a profile company lead to our choice for testing the 6Sigma method (the most used method in the automotive industry) in view of the economic efficiency applied in the wood Industry company. This method measures how many flaws exist in a process and determines in a systematic way how to improve it by technical overhauling and eliminating or minimizing the process for efficiency. This research article aims to study the state of research on the optimization of the production process through technical overhauling for panels reconstituted from solid wood and ways to make production more efficient by cutting costs through technical overhauling. From preliminary research, we estimate that all the items founded and others that will result from further research will result in a significant decrease in production costs that are reflected in the cost of the finished product and consequently in increasing the yield of the company by maximizing its profit. At the same time it may be the basis of future research studies in the field. The easier it is to maximize profits, the lower the operating costs are and the higher recovery rate of investments are, that will result a change in the operating mode: “working smarter not harder”.

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Models to inform neutralizing antibody therapy strategies during pandemics: the case of SARS-CoV-2

Antibody Therapeutics ◽

10.1093/abt/tbab006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 60-71

Author(s):

Donovan Guttieres ◽

Anthony J Sinskey ◽

Stacy L Springs

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Resource Constraints ◽

Antibody Therapy ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Production Costs ◽

Production Scale ◽

Design And Optimization ◽

Critical Components

Abstract Background Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) can play an important role in reducing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, complementing ongoing public health efforts such as diagnostics and vaccination. Rapidly designing, manufacturing and distributing nAbs requires significant planning across the product value chain and an understanding of the opportunities, challenges and risks throughout. Methods A systems framework comprised of four critical components is presented to aid in developing effective end-to-end nAbs strategies in the context of a pandemic: (1) product design and optimization, (2) epidemiology, (3) demand and (4) supply. Quantitative models are used to estimate product demand using available epidemiological data, simulate biomanufacturing operations from typical bioprocess parameters and calculate antibody production costs to meet clinical needs under various realistic scenarios. Results In a US-based case study during the 9-month period from March 15 to December 15, 2020, the projected number of SARS-CoV-2 infections was 15.73 million. The estimated product volume needed to meet therapeutic demand for the maximum number of clinically eligible patients ranged between 6.3 and 31.5 tons for 0.5 and 2.5 g dose sizes, respectively. The relative production scale and cost needed to meet demand are calculated for different centralized and distributed manufacturing scenarios. Conclusions Meeting demand for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs requires significant manufacturing capacity and planning for appropriate administration in clinical settings. MIT Center for Biomedical Innovation’s data-driven tools presented can help inform time-critical decisions by providing insight into important operational and policy considerations for making nAbs broadly accessible, while considering time and resource constraints.

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Bioethanolic yeasts from dung beetles: tapping the potential of extremophilic yeasts for improvement of lignocellulolytic feedstock fermentation

Biotechnology for Biofuels ◽

10.1186/s13068-021-01940-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anita Ejiro Nwaefuna ◽

Karl Rumbold ◽

Teun Boekhout ◽

Nerve Zhou

Keyword(s):

Treatment Process ◽

Dung Beetles ◽

Production Costs ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Major Drawback ◽

Renewable Fuel ◽

Extreme Stress ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

The Cost ◽

Simultaneous Saccharification

AbstractBioethanol from abundant and inexpensive agricultural and industrial wastes possesses the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Bioethanol as renewable fuel addresses elevated production costs, as well as food security concerns. Although technical advancements in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation have reduced the cost of production, one major drawback of this technology is that the pre-treatment process creates environmental stressors inhibitory to fermentative yeasts subsequently reducing bioethanol productivity. Robust fermentative yeasts with extreme stress tolerance remain limited. This review presents the potential of dung beetles from pristine and unexplored environments as an attractive source of extremophilic bioethanolic yeasts. Dung beetles survive on a recalcitrant lignocellulose-rich diet suggesting the presence of symbiotic yeasts with a cellulolytic potential. Dung beetles inhabiting extreme stress environments have the potential to harbour yeasts with the ability to withstand inhibitory environmental stresses typically associated with bioethanol production. The review further discusses established methods used to isolate bioethanolic yeasts, from dung beetles.

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