scholarly journals WOMEN OF THE MARI ASSR ON THE FRONTS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-475
Author(s):  
Ananias Gerasimovich Ivanov ◽  
Alina Borisovna Filonova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Units ◽  
Voluntary Basis

The article discusses the exploits of the women of the Mari ASSR on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). Particular attention is drawn to their participation in various military units. Concrete examples of the heroism of female snipers, scouts, partisans, pilots are cited, the importance of the task of establishing communications between military units, groups and subunits is noted. It is reported that a significant number of the female population from the Mari Republic assisted the active army, working as nurses and medics. During the Great Patriotic War, they saved the lives of thousands of soldiers of the Red Army, providing them with medical care in hospitals and in a timely manner removing wounded soldiers from the battlefield. Emphasis is placed on the patriotism and dedication of women, who overcame fear in the front and almost on a par with the men who defended the country from the onslaught of German troops. It is indicated that most of them went to the front on a voluntary basis. Already in the first days of the war, numerous applications came to the military registration and enlistment offices of the republic with a request to send them to the front. Women of the Mari ASSR responsibly approached the training of various military specialties and showed results directly at the front. It is emphasized that most of the women who had fought heroically died during the execution of the most important combat missions and were posthumously awarded high awards. The author focuses on the indisputable contribution of women of the Mari ASSR to the Victory during the Great Patriotic War.

The beginning of the great Patriotic war in the memoirs of military surveyors

2020 ◽  
Vol 955 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
A.V. Nikonov ◽  
T.V. Vashchalova ◽  
E.I. Dolgov ◽  
S.V. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Military Units

On the eve of the 75th anniversary of the victory of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic war, the events of it continue to live in people’s memory, and its veterans are still the best examples of patriotism and true serving the Motherland. It seems relevant to take a look at the events of the first days of the war with the eyes of their witnesses. The authors describe the events of June and July 1941, presented in the memoirs of the militaries who served in the Red Army Military topographic service, and performed topographic works in the border zone in a significant separation from their military units and staffs. On the basis of the collected material the authors show the participation of topographic units in the fighting of the first days of the war, provide the data on the losses of the Red Army Military topographic service in the starting period of the war. The article is devoted to the memory of the officers and soldiers, who selflessly did their duty in the beginning of the Great Patriotic war.

scholarly journals PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF S.AMANZOLOV OV DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Oskembay ◽  
◽  
F.K. Kabdrakhmanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Political Leader ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
The Military

The article provides an assessment of the patriotic education of S. Amanzholov's soldiers during the Great Patriotic War. A comprehensive analysis of S. Amanzholov's activities as a political leader is presented. The article provides new data on the use of heroic deeds of Kazakh batyrs by scientists to raise the military spirit of soldiers. During the Great Patriotic War, patriotism became the most important value in Soviet society. Selfless devotion to their Motherland manifested itself among millions of Soviet citizens and became a source of unprecedented mass heroism. From February 1942 to June 1946 S. Amanzholov was on active military service in the ranks of the Soviet Army. He conducted political and educational work among soldiers of non-Russian nationality, published in the Kazakh language the "Notebook of the Red Army Agitator" and leaflets about the heroes of the Soviet Union.

scholarly journals IN MEMORY OF THE LEGENDARY COUNTRYMAN DAYAN MURZIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Ришат Нигматуллин
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Resistance Movement ◽  
Guerrilla Movement

In our country, 2020 has been declared the Year of Memory and Glory by a decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. More than 25 million citizens of our country gave their lives for the Victory. The Republic of Bashkortostan made a significant contribution to the victory over fascist Germany. The names of such heroes of the Great Patriotic War as Minigali Shaimuratov, Musa Gareev, Tagir Kusimov, Dayan Murzin, Alexander Matrosov and Minigali Gubaidullin became known outside the republic and country. The article is devoted to the combat path of Dayan Bayanovich Murzin, who was an active participant in the guerrilla movement and the Resistance Movement in Czechoslovakia, the hero of Czechoslovakia. The assistance of the Red Army to the Slovak popular uprising is examined, the role of the Soviet Union in the organization of the Resistance Movement in Eastern Europe is shown.

MAJOR MILESTONES OF BELARUSIAN COLLABORATION DEVELOPMENT DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
ALEXEY IPATOV
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
World War ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of Belarusian collaboration during the World War II and the fight against it during the operation «Bagration» to liberate the territory of the Belarusian SSR. The main attention is paid to the activities of its individual representatives and a number of organizations that attempted to cooperate with Nazi Germany for «liberation» from the «Soviet yoke». It emphasizes the interest of the military and political elite of the Third Reich in cooperation with such organizations and the desire to fully control their activities. The author comes to the conclusion that thanks to the actions of Red Army, a significant part of the Belarusian collaborators was eliminated. The remaining supporters of «independence» after the end of World War II often continued their anti-Soviet activities during the cold war, actively cooperating with the special services of Western countries.

«ULYANOVSKAYA SVYAZ» – A UNIQUE TRAINING CENTER FOR MILITARY SIGNALMEN IN THE COUNTRY (on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War and the anniversary of Ulyanovsk Higher Military School of Communications)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Mankov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
80Th Anniversary ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Military School ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
The Military

May 24, 2021 marks the 85th anniversary of establishing Ulyanovsk Order of the Red Star Higher Military Engineering School of Communications named after G.K. Ordzhonikidze under the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Within its walls, more than 25 thousand officers were trained, about 60 of them rose to the rank of generalship, 7 trainees of the school were awarded with the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union, and one of them was awarded with the title of the Hero of Russia. The article is devoted to the experience of training military signalmen in this military educational institution, which is still of interest for specialists. The author of the article considers this topic relevant due to the year of the 80th anniversary of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Its purpose is to identify the features of establishing and functioning of the military signal troops school in Ulyanovsk on the eve and during the war against fascism. Ulyanovsk Military School of Communications was formed on the basis of a special equipment school created in 1936 in Ulyanovsk. Transformed into Ulyanovsk Military Technical School, and then – into the military School of communications of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army in 1937, it trained, in particular, signalmen for armored troops. This problem has not been sufficiently studied. The researcher pays special attention to the fact that he met with pre-war graduates of this educational institution, who passed training in the specialty «telemechanics» which was secret in those years. The author uses their memories in his work, which is new in the analysis of this topic. The work also traces the fate of the first head of the school, General T.P. Kargopolov. Summarizing, the author concludes that on the eve of the war, Ulyanovsk School was the first training center for unique military communications specialists in managing military facilities at a distance. After the beginning of the Second World War, Ulyanovsk School of Communications became a major center for training and educating qualified signal officers.

Basic Directions of Ideological Work of Party-State Structures in the Conditions of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 (According to Mate-rials of the Dagestan Autonomous Republic)

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
I.A. Emirkhanov
Keyword(s):  
Power Structures ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Party Organizations ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
State Organizations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Autonomous Republic ◽  
Party State

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of the party-state organizations of Dagestan during the Great Patriotic war and the changes that occurred in their work after the beginning of the military actions. As an example, a period of high tension of material and human resources, a phenomenal rise in patriotism and sacrifice of the population, ready to do anything to defeat the enemy, was chosen. The subject of the research is the key areas of mass agitation of power structures among residents of the Dagestan Autonomous Republic during the war years. The features of conducting political and educational work in wartime conditions, in which the main place was occupied by military-patriotic themes are revealed. The characteristic features of the work of Republican Soviet and party organizations in 1941-1945, which were aimed at strengthening the military and defense power of the country and strengthening assistance to the front from the inhabitants of the mountainous region, are studied. The course of the unity of society and the state is demonstrated, as well as the role of the population of the Republic in this process, who performed military and labor feats in the name of a Great Victory.

The penal system and penal military units: crime and expiation of guilt during the Great Patriotic War

2020 ◽  
pp. 224-233
Author(s):  
Yuri A. Reyent
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Labor System ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Units ◽  
The Relationship

We consider the little-studied aspects of the use of persons who committed criminal offences as fighters and junior commanders on the front lines of the Great Patriotic War. We show the change in law enforcement practice at the beginning of the war, which allowed for the extrajudicial release of persons sentenced to penalties related to imprisonment. The second important area of research was the coverage of events related to the establishment, formation and activities of penal companies and battalions. We substantiate the inadmissibility of unreliable images of these processes in literature and cinema. One of the main goals of the study is to increase the interest of the scientific community and ordinary readers to the problems of the relationship held in the military transformations period of the elements of corrective labor system, subordinated to the People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the USSR and People’s Commissariat of Defense of the USSR. Attention is focused on the need for more detailed coverage of the activities of penal units and subdivisions. As a result of the analysis of archival materials, memoirs and publications in the mass media, we come to the conclusion that the practice of reducing the level of criminal responsibility for a number of crimes, combined with attracting convicts to direct participation in hostilities, played a positive role in the protection of the Fatherland.

scholarly journals Orphanages in Bashkiria during the Great Patriotic War: Materials from the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 566-577
Author(s):  
Rima N. Sulejmanova ◽  
◽  
Shamil N. Isyangulov ◽  
Gulfia Yu. Sultanguzhina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Labor Training ◽  
The Republic

The article draws on the materials of the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan to discuss problems which had to face the orphanages financed from state budget in Bashkiria (one of the regions of the RSFSR) during the Great Patriotic War. To this day, the issue remains insufficiently studied, on national, as well as on regional scale. The documents preserved in the archive allow us to investigate the activities of the orphanages during the said period. As shown, 23 orphanages (including 4 Spanish ones) were evacuated from the Western regions of the country to Bashkiria in 1941–42. Some of them merged with local institutions. Most detailed information is given on the orphanages evacuated from Moscow. However, the article focuses on local institutions. It notes that from early 1941 to 1945, the number of orphanages increased by 4,7 times, number of pupils increased by 4,1 times . 90 orphanages were opened in the republic in 1943–1944. From early 1941 to November 1944, more than 24,000 children were placed in orphanages of the republic. Some children were adopted, taken under guardianship and patronage, employed by enterprises and institutions. Funds to support the increasing number of orphanages (including livestock, land, premises, equipment, food, etc.) were allocated from republican and district (city) budgets. The article shows the difficulties encountered in provision of material needs, organization of subsidiary farms, solving problems with the premises, arrangements for feeding. Pupils mainly worked on the plots themselves. Sometimes they were helped by kolkhozes and sovkhozes, in return the children participated in collective farm work. Various workshops were organized for labor training and self-maintaining, clubs were formed. The children organized amateur performances, the earnings was transferred to the fund of the Red Army. Malnutrition, lack of clothing and shoes, furniture and equipment affected the health of children and various diseases were spreading. The authors conclude that, in general, despite many difficulties, orphanages played an important role in saving the children's lives during the war.

scholarly journals PATHOLOGY OF WISDOM TEETH AS THE REASON OF APPEALABILITY OF THE MILITARY PERSONNEL BEHIND THE MEDICAL CARE

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей ИОРДАНИШВИЛИ ◽  
Andrey IORDANIShVILI ◽  
Никита Коровин ◽  
Nikita Korovin ◽  
Евгения Веретенко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Units ◽  
Patient Department

In work, on the basis of the analysis of primary medical documentation and the analysis of 8180 addresses of the military personnel at the call of and to the contract at the age of 18 – 55 years in stomatologic offices of military units and a dental out-patient department, and also 4498 case histories of unit of maxillofacial surgery and an odontology of the military-medical organization the frequency and structure of diseases of wisdom teeth at planned or urgent appealability is studied. It is established that diseases of wisdom teeth and pathology of their eruption are one of the main reasons for appealability of the military personnel to the dentist as in an army link (2,5-8,5% of cases), and in a dental out-patient department (4,4-5,25% of cases). In the conditions of unit of maxillofacial surgery and an odontology of a versatile hospital at the military personnel diseases of wisdom teeth make from 2,2% and 5,3%, at the same time at them pathology of the lower wisdom teeth meets more often (from 17,6% to 16,2% of cases), at the same time the vast majority of the servicemen are hospitalized according to urgent indications in connection with pathology of a teething of wisdom or an exacerbation chronic periapical or the parodontal of the centers of a dontogenous infection.

scholarly journals Award Production in the Red Army During the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Dmitry Shunyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Personal Interest ◽  
Commanding Officer ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Military Command ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Military

Introduction. The article analyzes the experience of improving the system of award production in the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War. The author states that the award production at the time of the beginning of the war was unable to ensure mass awarding of soldiers. Methods and materials. Archival materials, published official statistics and scientific literature were used in the implementation of the research tasks. The study was conducted on the basis of the principles of historism, objectivity and systemacity. The need to process quantitative data led to the use of the statistical method. Results. In order to ensure the need of the active army to award, the leadership of the country in the Armed Forces introduced a single command and delegated the right to award to the military command, which awarded on the ground and submitted award documents through the people’s commissariat for approval to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. It is noted that in order to optimize the award production in units, formations, personal accounts were introduced, on which award marks and documents, as well as reporting on them were issued. Awarding bodies provided preparation of awarding documentation giving it to the commanding officer (commander) for approving, made rewarding of distinguished ones. Conclusions. It is noted that the measures taken to improve the award production brought it closer to the participants of fights, about 90% of all awards were made by the military command. It is shown that the awarding of military personnel led to the growth of their professional skills through personal interest in the results of combat activities, which was one of the factors of victory in the war.

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