Profitability in rice cultivation across Indian States

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Special) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Parshuram Samal ◽  
Biswajit Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Total Cost

The paper discusses the profitability in rice farming using secondary data for the period 1980-81 to 2014-15. The average costs and profits were computed and it was found that cost of cultivation has increased over years, but profit has not increased commensurately. The irrigated states like Punjab, Haryana and Andhra Pradesh have maintained or increased profits over years, but not the rainfed states. There were losses in rice farming in rainfed states like Assam, Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal and Maharashtra, when total cost of cultivation was considered. Promotional measures and investment by state and central governments are needed to make rice production profitable.

Profitability in rice cultivation across Indian States

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Parshuram Samal ◽  
Biswajit Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Total Cost

The paper discusses the profitability in rice farming using secondary data for the period 1980-81 to 2014-15. The average costs and profits were computed and it was found that cost of cultivation has increased over years, but profit has not increased commensurately. The irrigated states like Punjab, Haryana and Andhra Pradesh have maintained or increased profits over years, but not the rainfed states. There were losses in rice farming in rainfed states like Assam, Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal and Maharashtra, when total cost of cultivation was considered. Promotional measures and investment by state and central governments are needed to make rice production profitable.

scholarly journals Efficiency Analysis of Inorganic Rice Production in Rakit Kulim Subdistrict Indragiri Hulu Regency

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Fris Safal ◽  
Syaiful Hadi ◽  
Jumatri Yusri
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Almost All

Rice is an important commodity because  it is a staple food source for almost all Indonesian people. One way to increase rice production is by using available resources more efficiently. The use of production factors such as land, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and labor will affect the total production of rice produced. This study aims to determine the technicality of inorganic rice cultivation, calculate production costs and analyze the efficiency of inorganic rice farming production in the District of Rakit Kulim. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis, farming cost analysis and DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) analysis. The number of samples is 40 inorganic rice farmers. The results showed that the inorganic rice cultivation technique in the District of Rakit Kulim was not in accordance with the recommendations. Incompatibility is caused by the unavailability of technical books for inorganic rice cultivation from the localita specific crop study center. The total cost of producing inorganic rice farming in the District of Rakit Kulim is Rp. 23,622,481, - / Ha. While the average income is Rp. 24,230,168, - / Ha with a net income of 607,687, - / Ha with an RCR value of 1.07. The results of the analysis of production efficiency using DEA show that the proportion of technically efficient farmers is 50% with an average value of 0.946. The proportion of efficient farmers is allocatively relatively small at 32.5% with an average value of 0.975. Economic efficiency is relatively small at 32.5% with an average value of 0.927.

scholarly journals Relevance of Local Wisdom towards Efforts to Achieve Sustainable Food Sovereignty in Bangsal Village, Pampangan District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Eka Mulyana ◽  
Yulian Junaidi ◽  
Madina Soraya
Keyword(s):  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Post Harvest

This study aims paused analyzing the relevance of local wisdom toward efforts in achieving sustainable food sovereignty in Bangsal Village, Pampangan District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. This exploratory descriptive study was conducted in Bangsal Village, Pampangan District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency in February 2020. Data collected were both of primary and secondary data. The analyses show that the swamp marshland was managed into three parts, i.e. buffalo husbandry, swamp fish farming and rice farming is provably more appropriate. For the buffalo husbandry, the community apply their local wisdom of kalang (shepherd) system. While for the fish farming, the capture fishery (beje) system was used. Futhermore, for rice cultivation, it consists of several stages with their respective local wisdom used, i.e. a) tillage, using rewang and perarian systems, b) Seeding, using seeds from their last harvest, c) planting, transplanting, spaced planting, or direct planting (tunjam) d) fertilizing, using weeds or wild plants, e) maintaining, with local wisdom, using scarecrow and plastic surrounding field, f) harvest, mutual cooperation in cutting the rice with sickle (ngarit bersama), and g) post-harvest, selling the harvest directly or self-storage. The results show mean of 54.60 from the 7 indicators and it was included in high criteria. It is conluded that there was a significant relevance between local wisdom and efforts to achieve sustainable food sovereignty in Bangsal Village.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENENTUKAN HASIL PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH DI DESA MAKARTI KECAMATAN KAO BARAT KABUPATEN HALMAHERA UTARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Dedison ., Saketa ◽  
Oktavianus ., Porajouw ◽  
Elsje Pauline Manginsela
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Production Labor

This study aims to describe the determinants of land area, capital and labor to the production of lowland rice. This research was conducted in Makarti Village, West Kao District, North Halmahera Regency. This research lasted for three months, namely from March to May 2017. Sampling in this study used proportional area random sampling. The data used in this study were primary data and secondary data. The results of the study indicated that the area of land determines the yield of production because by adding land area the yield will tend to increase. Capital determines production results because by adding capital it can increase production. Labor also determines the yield of rice. These three factors are closely related and mutually supportive in increasing the yield of rice cultivation. This study concludes that the determinants of land area, capital, and labor tend to increase the yield of rice production.*epm*

scholarly journals Economic analysis of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in Gorkha district of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-497
Author(s):  
Uttam Poudel ◽  
Rishi Ram Kattel ◽  
Bikash Gurung ◽  
Sushil Shrestha ◽  
Amrita Paudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Cost

A study was conducted to analyze the production economics and factors contributing to the gross return of rice production in the Gorkha district of Nepal in 2020, where a rice block was established under the Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project (PM-AMP). Altogether, 76 rice-growing farmers were selected as a sample by using a simple random sampling technique. Primary data were collected by using a pre-tested interview schedule, while secondary data were collected by reviewing related literature. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, independent sample t-tests, and Cobb-Douglas production function. The results showed that the average landholding was 0.74 ha and the average area under rice cultivation was 0.52 ha, with a productivity of 3 mt ha-1. The findings revealed that the cost of rice production for small farmers was significantly higher (NRs. 171466 ha-1) than that for large farmers (NRs. 132088 ha-1). The study reveals that investment in rice cultivation was economically viable in the study area because the overall B: C ratio was greater than one (1.17). The production function analysis reveals that a 10% increase in expenditure on seeds, total labor, and nutrients, keeping all other variables constant, could increase the gross return of rice by 2.97%, 2.19%, and 0.62%, respectively. The sum of coefficients was 0.56, reflecting a decreasing return to scale. Thus, a 100% increase in expenditure on variables presented in the model caused a 56% increase in the gross return of rice production. The findings suggest that human and bullock labor needs to be replaced by the use of farm machinery. Hence, the cost of cultivation would be reduced with the improvement in production and the gross returns of rice cultivation.

scholarly journals Economics of rice production under rice zone in Gorkha District, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Sandip Paudel ◽  
◽  
Sovit Parajuli ◽  
Bishal Mahatara ◽  
Srijan Budhathoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Optimum Utilization ◽  
Index Value

A research was conducted at the Gorkha district to access the economics of rice production. The Stratified Random Sampling technique was used in the research. Both primary and secondary data were used in this study. Altogether 120 respondents were surveyed. Data were analyzed using software like SPSS and MS-excel. The average rice cultivation area (spring and summer) was 0.47 hectare. Based on the average rice cultivation area, farmers were categorized into a smallholding (67 in number) and medium and large holding farmers (53 in number). The majority of the respondents were janajati and the majority of the household head had a primary level of education. The major cost of rice production was incurred in labor cost i.e., 75% compared to other inputs. The return from the rice was obtained from rice grains and straw with an overall contribution of 79.5% and 20.5% respectively. The BC ratio on average was found 1.28 while the BC ratio of the medium and large farmers was found higher than the small farmers, indicating rice production was profitable in the study area. Insect pests and diseases were found to be the most serious production problem among the several problems, with index value (I = 0.867). In short, rice cultivation is the primary priority among the farmers as it helps in food security. Hence it is recommended that the timely application of agricultural inputs, optimum utilization of input resources helps to foster rice production in those areas, consequently making it a more profitable occupation.

scholarly journals Preliminary Analysis of Excess Mortality in India During the Covid-19 Pandemic (Update August 4, 2021).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T Leffler ◽  
Joseph D. Lykins ◽  
Edward Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Indian States ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background. As both testing for SARS Cov-2 and death registrations are incomplete or not yet available in many countries, the full impact of the Covid-19 pandemic is currently unknown in many world regions. Methods. We studied the Covid-19 and all-cause mortality in 18 Indian states (combined population of 1.26 billion) with available all-cause mortality data during the pandemic for the entire state or for large cities: Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Assam, Bihar, Odisha, Haryana, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. Excess mortality was calculated by comparison with available data from years 2015-2019. The known Covid-19 deaths reported by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering for a state were assumed to be accurate, unless excess mortality data suggested a higher toll during the pandemic. Data from Uttar Pradesh were not included in the final model due to anomalies. Results. In several regions, fewer deaths were registered in 2020 than expected. The excess mortality in Mumbai (in Maharashtra) in 2020 was 137.0 / 100K. Areas in Tamil Nadu, Kolkata (in West Bengal), Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Haryana, and Andhra Pradesh saw spikes in mortality in the spring of 2021. Conclusions. The pandemic-related mortality through June 30, 2021 in 17 Indian states was estimated to be 132.9 to 194.4 per 100,000 population. If these rates apply to India as a whole, then between 1.80 to 2.63 million people may have perished in India as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic by June 30, 2021. This per-capita mortality rate is similar to that in the United States and many other regions.

scholarly journals Self-Sufficiency of Rice Consumption and Farm Entrepreneurship of Operating Farmers in Rural Areas of West Bengal, India: An Empirical Interpretation from Socio-Personal, Agro-Economic, Socio-Psychological and Communicative Variables

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Debraj Roy ◽  
Swagata Ghoshal ◽  
S. K. Acharya ◽  
Arindam Ghosh ◽  
Debashis Mazumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Aims: The major objectives of the study are to elucidate the distributive characters of operating farms in the selected locale of the study, to delineate a micro level policy so that the constraints of the operating farms can be analyzed and intervention programmes can be operationally described, to estimate and analyze the nature and direction of interaction among the independent and dependent variables. Study Design: The locale was selected by purposive as well as simple random sampling techniques and the respondents following rice cultivation had been interacted and were selected by the simple random sampling method. Place of Study: Village Rasulpur of Memari-1 block of Purba Bardhaman district in West Bengal was purposively selected for the study. Methodology: In this study 50 respondents following rice cultivation have been interacted and are selected by the simple random sampling method. A preliminary interview schedule has been administered to understand the knowledge, perception and attitude of the people towards climate changes concept, communication and extension system, farm enterprises, challenges faced during rice production. The collected data had been put into multivariate analysis. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V20.0 (SPSS) of IBM was used for correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, step-down regression analysis, path analysis and factor analysis. Results: Independent variables economic land (x7), group interaction (x11), innovation proneness (x13) and market orientation (x14) have been found to exert strong and determining contribution to estimate dependent variable self-consumption of rice production (y) and the set of economic and ecological variables as selected for the study. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the dynamics of self-sufficiency of food grains and entrepreneurship, here in case of rice enterprises, are dominantly relying on the entrepreneurs’ behavioural characters, the group interaction they are experiencing, the economic land they are possessing, the electricity consumption level, and the fuel use efficiency, innovation proneness and market interaction.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PETANI DAN PEMASARAN PADI ORGANIK DI DESA LIMAN SARI KECAMATAN BUAY MADANG TIMUR KABUPATEN OKU TIMUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Muridin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Printed Media ◽  
Farming Efficiency ◽  
The Village ◽  
Labor Skills ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this research were to : (1) To analyze the income and feasibility of organic rice farming in Liman Sari Village, East Buay Madang District, OKU Timur Regency, (2) To analyze the organic rice marketing margin in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur Sub-district, OKU Timur Regency , (3) To analyze the prospect of farming development and marketing of organic rice in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur Sub-district, OKU Timur Regency. This research was conducted in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur Sub-district, OKU Timur District of South Sumatera Province with farmer respondents who work on organic rice cultivation in the village. The selection of research sites is done purposively with the consideration that the area is one of the villages that has many farmers working on organic rice cultivation. The research data was collected for 3 (three) months from April to June 2014. The research found that farmers receiving from organic rice farm in Liman Sari Village at the time of research with the average of 0.33 hectare is Rp .7,936,073.00, and total cost of Rp.4.682.209, -, the average income of Rp.3.253.863, - is obtained. The average farming efficiency (R / C Ratio) of 1.70 indicates that organic rice farming in Liman Sari Village is profitable and feasible to develop. The average organic rice marketing margin obtained by Gapoktan Suko Rahayu Suko Rahayu is Rp.5.890 , - per kilogram, while the capital or marketing cost incurred is Rp.4.680, - per kilogram so as to obtain profit of Rp.1.210, - per kilogram and Prospect of development of organic rice farming in Liman Sari Village, Buay Madang Timur District East OKU Regency is In a weak but very likely position. The strategy recommendation is to change strategy, meaning that farmers and Gapoktan Suko Rahayu are advised to change the previous strategy. Therefore, the old strategy is feared difficult to be able to capture the opportunities that exist while improving the performance of the organization. One way is to take advantage of existing opportunities, seek capital lenders, improve labor skills, promote organic rice in electronic and printed media, and seek breakthroughs for organic rice to be widely accepted by the market.

Revision of the bamboo leafhopper tribe Mukariini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from the Indian subcontinent with description of new genera and species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4547 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
C.A. VIRAKTAMATH ◽  
M.D. WEBB
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
New Records ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Subgenus

Leafhopper genera and species of the tribe Mukariini from the Indian subcontinent are revised. Nine genera and 22 species including two new genera, one new subgenus and 12 new species are dealt with. The new taxa described are Aalinga gen. nov. with its type species Aalinga brunoflava sp. nov. (India: Andaman Islands), Buloria indica sp. nov. (India: Karnataka). Buloria zeylanica sp. nov. (Sri Lanka), Flatfronta bella sp. nov. (India: Karnataka; Bangladesh), Mohunia bifurcata sp. nov. (Myanmar), Mukaria omani sp. nov. (India: Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh), Mukaria vakra sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Mukariella gen. nov. with its type species Mukariella daii sp. nov. (India: Manipur), Myittana (Benglebra) cornuta sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Myittana (Myittana) distincta sp. nov. (India: Karnataka), Myittana (Savasa) subgen. nov. with its type species Myittana (Savasa) constricta sp. nov. (India: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand) and Scaphotettix arcuatus sp. nov. (India: West Bengal, Meghalaya, Mizoram). Genera Buloria Distant (new placement), Crispina Distant (new placement) and Myittana Distant (new placement) are placed in the tribe Mukariini. Genus Mohunia is redefined based on the study of its type species. Benglebra Mahmood & Ahmed 1969 is synonymised with Myittana Distant 1908 and considered as its subgenus. Myittana (Benglebra) alami (Mahmood & Ahmed) comb. nov., Myittana (Savasa) bipunctata (Mahmood & Ahmed) comb. nov.. Myittana (Benglebra) introspina (Chen & Yang 2007) comb. nov. and Mukariella bambusana (Li & Chen) comb. nov. are proposed; the first two species were earlier placed in the genus Benglebra, the third species in the genus Mohunia and the fourth in the genus Mukaria. Genera Flatfronta Chen & Li and Myittana are new records for India and Scaphotettix striata Dai & Zhang is a new record for the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka. All taxa dealt with are described and illustrated and keys for genera and their species are also given. 

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