scholarly journals MIGRATION RISKS AND THREATS TO STABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AS STRATEGIC OBJECTS OF REGULATORY POLICY

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Olha Mulska
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Regulatory Policy ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Donor Country ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Migration Activity ◽  
Stable Development

Introduction. Stable development of the national economy in the context of globalization, and consequently the high level of migration activity of the population, correlates with the effectiveness of state policy of migration management. Socio-economic results of regulatory policy are determined by proactive mechanisms for managing migration risks and threats that have a significant impact on the socio-economic and demographic system of the country (GDP, inflation, consumer demand, capitalization of human potential, population, etc.). Purpose. Identification of migration risks and threats for the donor country and the recipient country of human resources as an element of ensuring the stable development of the national economy. Method (methodology). Theories of migration, securitization, economic development, and risk management became the theoretical and scientific-methodical basis of the research. During research it is used such methods and approaches as logical generalization and synthesis are used for formation of the basic conclusions and offers of research, graphic for visualization of the results of identification of migration risks and threats. Results. It is established that migration risks are losses of the economic system and social sphere of the country due to the outflow of human resources and negative consequences that arise because of inefficient management of migration transfers. Migration risks for the donor country are divided into two channels (money transfers and human resources). Considering the channel of human resources outflow, three spheres of migration threats were identified: demographic (deepening demographic crisis, lack of capitalization of human potential determinants, increasing divorce rates, declining marriage rates, rising mortality rate among economically active population, population decline, social depopulation). outflow of intellectual elite, deepening social inequality, shortage of workers, spread of social orphanhood, distant and multinational families, disappearance of the middle class, devaluation of higher education) and economic (reduction of GDP, increasing labour market imbalance, increasing inflation due to inflation), reduction of business income, transformational changes in the capital and labour markets), the strengthening of which leads to systemic risks.

scholarly journals Formation of the forecasting model for Ukrainian – German migration system

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Olga Mulska ◽  
Ihor Baranyak
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
German Economy ◽  
Donor Country ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
German Population ◽  
Migration Activity ◽  
Migration System ◽  
State Registration

The article presents results of the research on the population's migration activity in the context of the formation of a new migration system (MS), such as the Ukrainian-German one. It has been determined that the expansion of the scale and diversification of the composition of migratory flows intensify their influence on contemporary demographic, socio-economic and ethno-cultural processes both in the donor country and in the recipient country. It is proved that the consideration of the migration component has become necessary in developing the demographic, social and economic, foreign and ethno-cultural strategies of the country's development. Authors present a technique to construct forecasts of migration activity in the conditions of formation of the Ukrainian-German migration system. It is based on a three-stage algorithm: 1) forecasting the size and structure of the population of Germany and Ukraine; 2) forecasting macroeconomic indicators and conditions of labour markets of Germany and Ukraine; and 3) forecasting the volumes of potential migration in the conditions of formation of the investigated MS (Ukraine-Germany). Based on the projection of the German population by 2060, and taking into account variations in the volume of immigration in the country, authors prove that a significant deformation of the age structure of the indigenous population as a result of the nation's 'hyper-aging' may lead to a demographic collapse, which makes it impossible for the country's economic growth to result in shortages of high-skilled workforce in the labour market. The arguments presented confirm the hypothesis of the dependence of the German economy on the immigration flows of human resources. On the basis of the constructed economic-mathematical model, the authors estimated the probable variants of further development of the UGMS for medium-term (by 2025) and long-term (until 2030) perspectives under different developmental scenarios (the benchmark, optimistic, tendentious, and pessimistic ones). The investigation has shown that during 2025-2030 in Ukraine, the demographic and, as a result, labour-saving crisis, caused by the emigration of human resources in young and middle age, coupled with low fertility rates, will aggravate in Ukraine. In this context, the feasibility of constructing a new migration policy with the effect of replacing the workforce has been substantiated. This publication is prepared withing the research project on "Migration activity of the population of the Carpathian region" (state registration No 0119U002010).

scholarly journals International Migration As A Driver Of Country Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Denys Pudryk
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Donor Country ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Destination Country ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Determinants

The expression of the country’s sustainable socio-political development is its achievement of macroeconomic stability, which, first of all, depends on the ability of the national economy to ensure the growth of macroeconomic indicators. It raises many questions about identifying and evaluating factors that directly and indirectly impact growth. In recent decades, more and more attention is paid to the problems of developed countries’ human capital security and their importance for macroeconomic processes. Human resources can be interpreted as explicit (labor resources) and implicit (ethnic, age, language, qualification distribution, etc.) factor influencing macroeconomic indicators. Since most economically advanced states belong to the category of old nations, they have faced another global problem in the last half-century – the population’s rapid ageing. Their gradual degeneration leads to the inhibition of positive macroeconomic processes. Therefore there is a need to attract new human resources, and migration is one of the most effective levers to solve this problem. However, migration can pose several threats to both the destination country and the donor country. In the economic context for the destination country, the most serious of these is the lack of the desired improvement in human potential due to the influx of low-skilled workers. In contrast, for the country of origin, there is a brain drain. It creates the problem of determining the factors that affect population migration between the donor country and the destination country, and their correlation with macroeconomic indicators. The purpose of this work is to conduct a generalized analysis of methodologies for assessing the interconnectedness of macroeconomic and migration determinants and identifying commonalities. According to the work results, it was found that most of the analyzed scientists use simple estimation models, filling them with related indirect migration factors and macroeconomic indicators, which are formed depending on the primary goal of the work. Thus, this study allows us to create a list of migration determinants commonly used in typical results, to form an updated methodological framework.

scholarly journals Current tendencies of migration process development: global features and implications for Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Donor Country ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Global Features ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Eu

The article considers and summarizes the main global features and consequences of migration processes, including Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to establishing current trends in the development of migration processes, namely the global features and consequences for Ukraine. The grouping and generalization methods are used in the article (to represent the main effects of migration processes for donor countries, intermediate countries and recipient countries). The graphic method is applied to reflect the dynamics of changes in the number of emigrants from Ukraine, who were granted the first residence permits in the EU from 2009 to 2018. Methods of concretization and synthesis were used in determining the main consequences of migration processes for Ukraine. As a result of the research, the classification of world countries depending on the directions of migration flows (donor countries, countries of intermediate location and recipient countries) was determined. The list of the largest donor countries, recipient countries in the world with the indication of the number of migrants in these countries was determined. The main consequences of migration processes for world countries were determined, concretized and grouped according to the degree of their influence. The list of countries that are the largest centers of emigration for Ukrainian citizens (Poland, USA, Germany, Canada, Czech Republic) was determined. The main reasons for the increase in the number of emigrants from Ukraine in the periods from 2009 to 2012 and from 2012 to 2018 have been identified. The main consequences of migration processes for Ukraine, as a country-donor of human capital, a country of intermediate location and a recipient country, have been identified and grouped. The predominance of negative consequences of migration processes for Ukraine, as a donor country of human capital, a country of intermediate location, have been determined.

scholarly journals Reception of law as a form of cultural interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
Yulia Evgenievna Voronina
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Donor Country ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Intercultural Interaction ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Main Factor

The study’s objective is to identify factors contributing to the positive results of legal reception and generalize the concept of legal reception, revealing the close relationship of law with the culture. During the research, various scientific approaches and methods of knowledge contributed to the achievement of the intended objective. The research is based on dialectical, systemic methods and the comparative legal approach. The result of the study was the conclusion that the result of intercultural interaction is not always favorable and can have both positive and negative consequences: when the national legal system becomes inconsistent, illogical, loses the character of self-execution, up to the fatal outcome – the destruction of the legal culture of society. As the most important condition for the successful reception of law, the authors highlight the compatibility of the cultures of the donor country and the recipient country (interacting cultures). It is argued that the formation of a single global cultural, legal space does not reflect the objectively existing patterns of development of societies, and the incompatibility of different types of legal cultures is the main factor preventing the creation of global legal order in general and hindering the success of the reception of law in particular. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that the reception of law is one of the forms of intercultural interaction and plays a significant role in the mutual penetration of legal cultures. Although the topic is one of the most popular for domestic and foreign legal science, as a rule, its study is reduced to the description of the facts of reception, in most cases of Roman law, and the number of general theoretical studies of this issue is insufficient.

INTERACTION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE WITH INTERNATIONAL CREDIT AND FINANCIAL ORGANIZATIONS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Voitko ◽  
◽  
Yuliia Borodinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
International Credit

The article examines the interaction of the national economy of Ukraine with international credit and financial organizations, evaluates the positive and negative consequences and identifies possible areas for further cooperation. The role of international credit and financial organizations in the development of the global economy is analyzed. Today, international financial institutions have taken a leading place among institutions that provide financial support and contribute to the implementation of necessary reforms aimed at developing enterprises in various sectors of the economy and strengthening the country's financial sector as a whole. The importance of cooperation between Ukraine and international financial institutions for the development of the country's economy has been determined. The problems and directions of development of cooperation with leading credit and financial organizations in modern conditions are identified. Despite the presence of certain shortcomings, cooperation between Ukraine and international credit and financial organizations will continue in the future.

The Impact of Sanctions on North Korea’s Foreign Trade from the Perspective of the Comparative Advantage Theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
I. A. Korgun ◽  
G. D. Toloraya
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
National Economy ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

The presented study analyzes the opportunities for North Korea to capitalize on its competitive advantages in foreign trade in the context of sanctions.Aim. The study aims to identify mechanisms that allow North Korea to engage in foreign trade in circumvention of UN sanctions and to analyze their impact on the national economy.Tasks. The authors analyze the structure of North Korea’s national economy, its initial competitive advantage, identify the specific features of North Korea’s foreign trade in the context of sanctions, and determine the consequences of illicit trade in circumvention of sanctions for the national economy.Methods. This study uses an interdisciplinary approach that combines the classical theory of competitive advantage with the concept of rent seeking, with the concept of rent seeking and analysis of trade flows.Results. The study shows that, despite the restrictions imposed by sanctions, North Korea strives to make the most of its advantages, such as resource availability and cheap labor, in global trade. The country builds its own export-import chains in circumvention of sanctions. These chains are rather mobile, flexible, and controlled by the elite. As a result, benefits from trade that could be evenly distributed among the population are concentrated in the hands of a narrow segment of society. ‘Rent seeking’ makes it possible to formulate the negative consequences of these processes for the North Korean economy and the international community.Conclusions. Solving the North Korean issue requires an economic transformation in the country through the replacement of restrictive sanctions with more constructive ones. The exclusion of North Korea from open global trade leads to the country’s marginalization and impairs the transparency of international commodity flows.

The Human Potential for Russia's Stable Development

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
N. V. Zvereva
Keyword(s):  
Human Potential ◽  
Stable Development

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY BY REGIONAL SIGN TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ECOLOGICAL COMPONENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Kostiantyn Shaposhnykov ◽  
Yuriy Pavelko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Constant Attention ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Environmental Component

The purpose of this work is to study the development of the national economy in recent years taking into account the environmental component. It is proved that providing conditions for long-term economic growth is the primary task of macroeconomy of any country. Unstable development of the national economy in recent decades accompanied by prolonged crises, as well as a slow path of reforming all spheres of life on the way to building a democratic society with a developed market economy cause constant attention of domestic scientists to this direction. Methodology. The results of environmental protection measures are classified, based on the practical use of modern economic and mathematical methods and models. Results. It is proved that when using these methods, the results of law enforcement measures can be divided into the following groups: in the conditions of positive rates of economic development, the volumes of atmospheric emissions of pollutants and carbon dioxide had a negative dynamics. This scenario of environmental and economic efficiency is the most desirable; positive growth rates of fresh water use are inferior to GDP growth rates, the rates of waste generation and water abstraction exceed the dynamics of GDP growth. This scenario is the least acceptable, as not only environmental damage is increasing in absolute terms, but environmental performance is also deteriorating. Practical implications. The period of 2015–2018 was chosen for research as it was characterized by the resumption of gradual economic growth in most sectors of the economy after the deep crisis of 2014. The available data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2019 has not currently contained complete information on volumes anthropogenic impact. The leaders of regional development in terms of GRP growth in 2015–2018 were Volyn (+ 5.72%), Kyiv (+ 5.66%) and Zhytomyr (+ 5.00%) regions. In contrast, the most depressed regions with negative economic growth rates were Donetsk (-1.86%), Luhansk (-0.84%) and Poltava (-0.51%) regions. In the latter region, the rate of population decline exceeded the increase in labor productivity, resulting in a decrease in performance. Value/originality of the work is the analysis of trends in the national economy taking into account the environmental component, which in contrast to the existing comes from modern experience of practical use of economic and mathematical methods, which allows to develop recommendations based on quantitative estimates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document