Symptom Analysis of Confirmed Covid-19 Patients Managed at Allied Hospitals of Rawalpindi Medical University, Pakistan

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
Javeria Malik ◽  
Muhammad Khurram ◽  
Arsalan Manzoor Mughal ◽  
Noman Ahmed Chaudhary ◽  
Qaiser Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Persistent Cough ◽  
Medical University

Introduction Coronavirus can cause respiratory disease ranging from mild upper respiratory tract illness to severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death. The purpose of this research was to study the symptoms of confirmed Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases and their relationship with gender and age groups. Materials and Methods This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Rawalpindi Institute of Urology and Transplantation (RIUT) that is the COVID-19 management center of Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi during the month of March 2020. Consecutive sampling methodology was used, and all real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed patients of COVID-19 were included. Data regarding age, gender, and symptoms with onset was recorded and analyzed.  Results Thirty-five patients, 22 (62.9%) males, and 13 (37.1%) females were included. Seven (20%) patients were ≥60 years old, and 12 (34.8%) ≥40 years old. 21 (60%) were symptomatic and the rest of them were asymptomatic. The mean duration of symptoms was 2.8±1.1 days. Fever (13, 61.9%), persistent cough (12, 57.1%), sputum (6, 28.6%), shortness of breath (4, 19%), anorexia (3, 14.3%), fatigue (3, 14.3%), myalgia (1, 4.8%), were presenting symptoms. Cough, anorexia, and fatigue were significantly more frequent in the patients ≥40 of age. Anorexia and fatigue were common in the age groups ≥40 and ≥60 years. Myalgia was significantly frequent in patients aged ≥60 years. Conclusion Fever, persistent cough and shortness of breath are commonest symptoms of COVID 19 patients. COVID-19 can be asymptomatic in many cases.

scholarly journals Medical management of acute upper respiratory infections in an urban primary care out-of-hours facility: cross-sectional study of patient presentations and expectations

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e025396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond O’Connor ◽  
Jane O’Doherty ◽  
Andrew O’Regan ◽  
Aoife O’Neill ◽  
Claire McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Out Of Hours ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the expectations of patients attending an urban primary care out-of-hours (OOH) facility with acute upper respiratory tract infection (acute URTI) regarding clinical examination, symptom management, information on their condition, reassurance, antibiotic treatment and other possible options including referral.DesignCross-sectional design.SettingOne urban primary care OOH facility located in the midwest of Ireland.Participants457 patients filled out a questionnaire while waiting in the OOH facility; 22 surveys were excluded as the patients did not present with symptoms of acute URTI resulting in 435 patients’ data being included in this study. There were 59.5% female participants and 40.5% male participants.Results435 patients with acute URTI symptoms participated in the survey, representing 25.4% of those attending the single branch where the survey was conducted (n=1715). Of the study participants, 43% were aged under 6 years and 60% were women. The most common presenting symptoms were cough (72%), throat ache (46%) and common cold (26%). The most common expectations were for further examination (53%), reassurance (51%), information (49%) and medication for cough (47%), with 34% expecting an antibiotic.ConclusionsOnly one in three patients attending this primary care OOH facility with acute URTI symptoms had an expectation of antibiotics, with most seeking further assessment, information and reassurance. Recognition of such expectations may be important considerations for clinicians when deciding on management options for patients with acute URTI.

scholarly journals Initial presenting symptoms, comorbidities and severity of COVID-19 patients during the second wave of epidemic in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Minn Htun ◽  
Tun Tun Win ◽  
Aung Aung ◽  
Thant Zin Latt ◽  
Yan Naung Phyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a highly contagious virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 emerged in China at the end of 2019 and became a major threat to health around the world. The health experts are still learning more about the detailed knowledge of the natural course and the severity of COVID-19. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and association of severity of disease with demographic characteristics, initial presenting symptoms, and comorbidities among COVID-19 patients in treatment centers, Myanmar. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Hmawbi and Indine treatment centers, Yangon Region, Myanmar, from November to December 2020. Data were collected by using standardized case report forms and then, a total of 222 confirmed COVID-19 inpatients were included in this study. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as a measure of association and the independent associated factors for severity of disease were investigated using logistic regression analysis. Results In total, 81.5% were symptomatic patients and of these, the most common presenting symptoms were fever 54.1%, loss of smell 50.3%, and cough 30.9%. Among 37.8% of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities, the most common comorbidities were hypertension 58.3%, diabetes mellitus 29.8%, and heart diseases 26.2%, respectively. As a severity, 20.7% of patients had signs of severe pneumonia. The associated factors of severe pneumonia were aged 60 years and older [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.88, 95% CI 1.14–7.29], overweight or obesity (AOR: 3.87, 95%CI 1.80–8.33), and current smoking (AOR: 6.74, 95% CI 2.72–16.75). Conclusions In this study, one-fifth of the patients developed severe pneumonia. The COVID-19 patients who were aged 60 years and older, overweight or obesity, and current smokers should be monitored carefully during the course of treatment to reduce the disease severity.

scholarly journals Frequency of etiological causes of intestinal obstruction in children.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1372-1375
Author(s):  
Mishraz Mishraz ◽  
Naima Zamir ◽  
Muhammad Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Obstructed Hernia ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Age Range

Objective: To determine the frequency of the various etiological causes of intestinal obstruction in children. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Surgery, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi. Period: January 2017 to December 2017. Material & Methods: Total 143 patients included in study with age range d from 1 month to 12 years. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited to Outpatient/ Emergency department of National Institute of Child health, Karachi were included in the study. Patients followed diagnosis of intestinal obstruction were operated and the outcome variables (Round worms, adhesions, intussusceptions and obstructed hernia) were noted. Data was entered and analyzed through SPSS version: 22. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for age and duration of symptoms. Results: The Mean ± SD of age was 35.41±27.664 months. Out of 143 patients 118 (82.5%) were male and 25 (17.5%) were female. Etiological causes i.e. Adhesive bowel obstruction 59(41.3%), intussusception 51 (35.7%), obstructed hernia and worm infestation was found in 23 (16.1%) and 10(7%) children. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that pattern of intestinal obstruction varies at different age groups in terms of etiology. Adhesion was found to be most common cause of intestinal followed by intussusceptions. However, there is a need to conduct more studies using large sample size with multiple study sites in Pakistan to validate these results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of salbutamol prescribing practice for paediatric outpatients in a non specialised hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lih Ling Kwek ◽  
Nur Atiqah Mohammad Baki ◽  
Ahmad Nadim Mohd Sufian ◽  
Vincent Ngu
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescribing Practice ◽  
Paediatric Age

Salbutamol is extensively prescribed for respiratory disease. However, salbutamol prescribing practice among paediatric population is still understudied. Oral salbutamol usage in infants remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate salbutamol prescribing practice for paediatric outpatients in Hospital Tanjung Karang (HTK). In this cross-sectional study, all paediatric prescriptions with salbutamol received at Outpatient Pharmacy HTK from December 2018 to February 2019 and fulfilled criteria were reviewed. 280 samples were obtained via systematic random sampling. Data on patient demographics, diagnoses, and salbutamol formulations were collected retrospectively using data collection form and analyzed with SPSS Statistics. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square tests were employed. Distribution of infant (1 month-2 years old) was the greatest, followed by a young child (2-6 years old) and child (6-12 years old). 68.6% salbutamol was prescribed for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), while 87.9% salbutamol was given as oral formulation. There were significant associations between paediatric age groups, diagnoses, and salbutamol dosage forms (p<0.001). Among all the study samples, 82.5% salbutamol prescribing practice was found inappropriate. Salbutamol syrup was preferred, possibly due to affordable price and easy administration. However, some salbutamol prescribing are unnecessary and supported with little/no evidence. These include prescribing oral salbutamol for general URTI, acute bronchiolitis, and bronchial asthma among infants. Salbutamol syrup remains the most preferred formulation in an outpatient setting. Prescribing preference of oral over inhaled salbutamol requires further assessments to prevent salbutamol-related adverse reactions. The appropriate prescribing practice is crucial for a quality, safe, and effective salbutamol use among paediatric population.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Gene Xpert on Bronchoscopy Washings in Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4 (oct 2020 - dec 2020)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waseem A. Khan ◽  
Nayyar Manzoor ◽  
Asad Javaid ◽  
M. Saqib Musharaf ◽  
Nausheen Sohail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Sputum Production ◽  
Bronchial Washing

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of GeneXpert assay of bronchial washing in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis in suspected TB patients with no sputum production taking culture of bronchial washing as gold standard. Methods: This is cross sectional study. Data was collected through structured questionnaire. Patients had bronchoscopy according to standard protocol. Their bronchial washings were sent for culture and GeneXpert assay for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Data analysis was done using SPSS 20 version. Results: From one hundred and seventy patients the age was observed as 16-60 years. AFB was detected by GeneXpert assay in 45.3% patients. AFB was detected by culture report in 47.6% patients. The sensitivity of GeneXpert was observed as 87.65%, specificity was 93.26%, and diagnostic accuracy was calculated as 90.59%. By using chi-square t-test, there was significant association found between GeneXpert and Culture report in both gender in all age groups with any duration of symptoms with p-value = 0.000. Conclusion: The GeneXpert assay was highly effective for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis in suspected TB patients who do not have sputum production. Key Words: GeneXpert Assay, Culture Report, Bronchial Washing, Pulmonary Tuberculosis How to Cite: Waseem A. K, Manzoor N, Javaid A, Musharaf M.S, Sohail N, Majeed N. Diagnostic accuracy of gene xpert on bronchoscopy washings in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Esculapio.2020;16(04):33-36.

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

Prevalence of COVID-19-like Symptoms among People Living with HIV, and Using Antiretroviral Therapy for Prevention and Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽  
Maryam Ghadimi ◽  
Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi ◽  
Mehrnaz Rasoolinejad ◽  
Ladan Abbasian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: COVID-19 has spread globally with remarkable speed, and currently, there is limited data available exploring any aspect of the intersection between HIV and SARSCoV- 2 co-infection. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of clinical symptoms associated with COVID-19 among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Tehran, Iran. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 200 PLWH were recruited through the positive club via sampling, and completed the symptom-based questionnaire for COVID-19, which was delivered by trained peers. Results: Of 200 participants, respiratory symptoms, including cough, sputum, and shortness of breath, were the most prevalent among participants, but only one person developed symptoms collectively suggested COVID-19 and sought treatments. Conclusions: It appears that existing infection with HIV or receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) might reduce the susceptibility to the infection with SARS-CoV-2 or decrease the severity of the infection acquired. Further research is needed to understand causal mechanisms.

The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

scholarly journals Socioeconomic determinants of unmet need for outpatient healthcare services in Iran: a national cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Vahedi ◽  
Amin Torabipour ◽  
Amirhossein Takian ◽  
Saeed Mohammadpur ◽  
Alireza Olyaeemanesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organizational Policies ◽  
Utilization Of Healthcare

Abstract Background Unmet need is a critical indicator of access to healthcare services. Despite concrete evidence about unmet need in Iran’s health system, no recent evidence of this negative outcome is available. This study aimed to measure the subjective unmet need (SUN), the factors associated with it and various reasons behind it in Iran. Methods We used the data of 13,005 respondents over the age of 15 from the Iranian Utilization of Healthcare Services Survey in 2016. SUN was defined as citizens whose needs were not sought through formal healthcare services, while they did not show a history of self-medication. The reasons for SUN were categorized into availability, accessibility, responsibility and acceptability of the health system. The multivariable logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of SUN and associated major reasons. Results About 17% of the respondents (N = 2217) had unmet need for outpatient services. Nearly 40% of the respondents chose only accessibility, 4% selected only availability, 78% chose only responsibility, and 13% selected only acceptability as the main reasons for their unmet need. Higher outpatient needs was the only factor that significantly increased SUN, responsibility-related SUN and acceptability-related SUN. Low education was associated with higher SUN and responsibility-related SUN, while it could also reduce acceptability-related SUN. While SUN and responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among lower economic quintiles, having a complementary insurance was associated with decreased SUN and responsibility-related SUN. The people with basic insurance had lower chances to face with responsibility-related SUN, while employed individuals were at risk to experience SUN. Although the middle-aged group had higher odds to experience SUN, the responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among elderly, while higher age groups had significant chance to be exposed to acceptability-related SUN. Conclusion It seems that Iran is still suffering from unmet need for outpatient services, most of which emerges from its health system performance. The majority of the unmet health needs could be addressed through improving financial as well as organizational policies. Special attention is needed to address the unmet need among individuals with poor health status.

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