scholarly journals Effect of Vegetation Cover and Shading on Thermal and Visual Comfort in Institutional Campus Outdoor Spaces in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
◽  
Aastha Kalia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Student Behavior ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Heat ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The North

This paper investigates the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI) in open spaces that when combined creates a problem at a city level. This paper will primarily focus on institutional campuses, wherein open spaces play a vital role for each and every user for interaction and other purposes. When architects and urban designers deal with the physical properties of a space, and therefore modify its material, thermal, and lighting characteristics, they influence the social environment as well. The method used in this study is the analysis of secondary data available so far. The aim of the study is to understand the UHI phenomenon in urban public spaces and suggest measures that would help mitigate the same and make it a better space in terms of comfort. It includes off-site measurement of climatic conditions on particular given day and observations of student behavior in the public spaces. The result is obtained by ENVImet software simulation in the case study area of DCRUST university campus in Murthal, Haryana. The study area is located in the North part of India and has composite climate. This paper refers to research results showing the comparison of various cases that can be designed in an urban open space and with the help of simulation it shows the best combination to be used and how that combination changes the open space design by improving thermal comfort. It shows that in composite climate, the strategy of implementing thick and heavy foliage vegetation in combination with the water body (such as artificial ponds, swales, pits etc.) causing evaporative cooling that in return enhances the microclimatic environment and visual comfort for pedestrian walkability, usability of the open space and by acting against the anthropogenic heat.

A Research on Ecological Design Strategy of Urban Open Space in Northwest Cold Area in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 180-183
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Bi ◽  
Qian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Cold Area ◽  
Arid Condition

This article is focused on the issues of plazas in Northwestern China. Firstly, it analyzes a series of ecological problems of urban open space in the cold region. Therefore, it proposes an appropriate strategy for urban open spaces at the base of bio-climatic under the cold and arid condition. Finally, taking Baiyin Jingyu Healthy Square as an example, the paper proposes a specific design method based on the bio-climatic conditions.

IF YOU COULD KNOW, WHAT USERS THINK: Urban Design and Preference of the Visual Attributes to Design Sustainable Urban Open Spaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Farhana Ferdous
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Urban Open Space ◽  
Visual Attributes

What are the visual attributes of successfully designed urban open spaces that play significant roles in the creation of sustainable livable cities? Public spaces are mostly designed for social interaction and communication. The aesthetic and morphological dimensions of public spaces are among the essential visual and physical characteristics that need to be understood for successful social use. This paper reports on a study that was exploratory and qualitative in nature and sets out to explore the different physical characteristics of designed urban open spaces as being aesthetically and socially important from the users' point of view. By using photo simulation techniques, a set of 24 photographs of urban plazas, squares, and pedestrian malls were used as surrogates for the physical environment. The study identified some salient attributes of designed urban open spaces in order to create sustainable urban planning, with six sub-categories considered to be important. Based on detailed participant responses, a list of the attributes of preferred physical environment to design sustainable urban open space has been developed. The findings can be implemented to create sustainable urban planning as well as to design successful urban plazas, squares, and other public open spaces according to user preferences in the future.

Public open space design in Tokyo urban environment: a historical overview

TERRITORIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Lorena Alessio
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Space Design ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
Privately Owned

This article questions how the making of public open space have been changing in Tokyo. It identifies specificities of urban fabric and open spaces in Edo, the former Tokyo. It questions how the making of public open space was influenced by Western style and approach in Meiji period (1868-1912). And, how in 1990s Privately Owned Public Spaces (pops) changed public open space design in its scale, quantities and qualities. Specifically, the paper looks at: (a) gathering spaces in Tokyo traditional urban fabric; (b) how first parks were inspired by Western landscape design; (c) when plazas started to be designed in Tokyo; (d) Roppongi Hills as a reference project of one of the first mix-use facilities re-development plan in Tokyo with highly designed pops.

scholarly journals Above the debris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Anthony Mak
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Catastrophic Risk ◽  
Space Networks ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Spatial Resources

<p>At an accelerating rate, over half of the world’s population is living in urban centres. The catastrophic risk to environmental, cultural, and economic resources amidst these high concentrations of livelihoods upon the wake of a disaster has the potential to be devastating.  A city’s urban form consisting of its open space networks and street structures are important spatial resources that provide affected communities with efficient evacuation routes, assembly areas, temporary market spaces, and room for temporary shelters in the aftermath of a disaster. Open public spaces are especially important during these scenarios as they provide large volumes of space that can be adapted to a variety of different functions. However, these spaces are seldom designed with resilience in mind.  This thesis investigates how open spaces are able to contribute to the disaster resiliency of urban centres, ensuring that the needs of the present are in light of the needs of the future.</p>

scholarly journals MAKNA AMBATIK – PALMERAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 901
Author(s):  
Indra Lesmana ◽  
Petrus Rudi Kasimun
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Recreation Areas ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Ray Oldenburg ◽  
The City ◽  
Indoor Spaces

The existence of an open space, is truly important to nowadays urban society. Because basically, community of a city has been bounded to open spaces around that city. The need of a thirdplace in a city, now, is way more than just a regular, it became a lifestyle. This thirdplace phenomena give impacts to the usage of outdoor spaces in the city which used to be indoor spaces, now became outdoor ones (public areas). What used to be a mall and a café that are favorites, now turning into outdoor spaces such as parks, streets (pedestrians), public spaces for children, recreation areas, and so on. Jakarta, especially in Palmerah, open spaces are very rarely  found. In the other side, Palmerah used to be known for its batik, but now it’s already all  gone. Batik as the main program that supports this thirdplace is expected to be able to accommodate the work or activities of local residents. Hold on to Ray Oldenburg’s theory about the third place criteria, batik in this design is intended as a medium for local residents to meet, greet, and interact. With this, batik media is able to accommodate the need of a thirdplace itself. However  still, open spaces in this design has the largest percentage as public spaces for local residents to do some activities and interactions. Batik phases are realized in creating existing spaces; starting from seeing, then feeling, and finally doing. Batik produced by locals can be resold and later become their income. Plots of spaces, materials, wall tears, and batik carvings are also highlighted in this building to create characteristic of this Ambatik building. With Ambatik, all ages, all genders, all types of ethnicity, culture, and race, can be united without any difference.AbstrakKeberadaan ruang luar sangatlah penting bagi masyarakat kota saat ini. Pada dasarnya, masyarakat memiliki keterikatan pada ruang-ruang terbuka kota. Sekarang, Kebutuhan tempat ketiga di dalam suatu kota sudah lebih dari sekedar kebutuhan biasa, tetapi sudah menjadi gaya hidup. Fenomena tempat ketiga berdampak pada penggunaan ruang luar yang pada awalnya dari penggunaan ruang dalam, mulai beralih ke ruang luar (ruang publik). Yang semula mall dan kafe menjadi ruang favorit, sekarang beralih ke ruang luar publik seperti taman, jalan (pedestrian), RPTRA, tempat rekreasi dan sebagainya. Di Jakarta, tepatnya di Palmerah, ruang-ruang terbuka bagi warga sekitar sangatlah jarang ditemui. Di satu sisi, Palmerah yang dalam sejarah dikenal oleh batiknya, sekarang sudah menghilang. Ambatik hadir untuk menunjang tempat ketiga di kawasan Palmerah, yang diharapkan mampu mewadahi kegiatan ataupun aktivitas dari warga sekitar, sekaligus menghidupkan kembali identitas batik di Palmerah. Dengan teori Ray Oldenburg mengenai kriteria sebuah tempat ketiga, batik dalam rancangan ini dimaksudkan sebagai media bagi warga sekitar untuk bertemu, bersapa dan berinteraksi. Ruang-ruang terbuka dalam rancangan ini juga berguna sebagai ruang publik bagi warga sekitar untuk beraktivitas, berinteraksi untuk melakukan kegiatan seni dan budaya. Fase-fase batik juga diwujudkan dalam menciptakan ruang-ruang yang ada, mulai dari melihat, kemudian merasakan, dan melakukan. Dengan hadirnya Ambatik, diharap mampu meningkatkan relasi antar warga, pemahaman baru tentang batik, dan kesadaran akan tradisi. 

scholarly journals CO-PRODUCTION: STUDI TENTANG POLA-POLA PENYEDIAAN RUANG PUBLIK TERPADU RAMAH ANAK DI JAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Loa Mei Ling ◽  
Erwin Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
One Step ◽  
Child Friendly

Public space has an important role for the development of city residents. Humans need a place to gather and interact with others. In DKI Jakarta, the reduced width and quality of public spaces, especially green open spaces, presents its own difficulties in creating adequate public space for various age groups and social classes of society. One step to get around this difficulty is to revitalize the function of the park into an interactive community park with a variety of functions called the Child Friendly Integrated Public Space (RPTRA). This program has been running for 4 years. To evaluate this policy, the thesis that forms the basis of this paper evaluates the provision of RPTRA in two regions, namely the Alfa Dahlia RPTRA and the Nias Nias III RPTRA, using the concept of co-production. With this concept, the RPTRA's 'production' process will be understood, the benefits and prospects for its sustainability after the role of regional governments is increasingly limited. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data is mainly collected and analyzed through field observations, interviews, and observations of artifacts, as well as secondary data studies. The research findings show that, despite having different degrees of co-production, the two RPTRA have the prospect of surviving and developing in the future. AbstrakRuang publik memiliki peran penting bagi perkembangan warga kota. Manusia memerlukan tempat berkumpul dan berinteraksi dengan sesama. Di DKI Jakarta, berkurangnya luas dan kualitas ruang publik, khususnya ruang terbuka hijau, memberikan kesulitan tersendiri untuk mewujudkan ruang publik yang memadai bagi berbagai kelompok umur dan kelas sosial masyarakat. Salah satu langkah untuk menyiasati kesulitan ini adalah dengan merevitalisasi fungsi taman menjadi taman komunitas interaktif ragam fungsi yang disebut dengan Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak (RPTRA). Program ini telah berjalan 4 tahun. Untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan ini, tesis yang menjadi dasar makalah ini mengevaluasi penyediaan RPTRA di dua kawasan, yakni RPTRA Alur Dahlia dan RPTRA Kelapa Nias III, menggunakan konsep co-production. Dengan konsep tersebut, hendak dipahami bagaimana proses ‘produksi’ RPTRA tersebut, kemanfaatan dan prospek keberlanjutannya setelah peran pemerintah daerah semakin terbatas.  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data terutama dikumpulkan dan dianalisis melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan pengamatan artefak, serta kajian data sekunder. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, meskipun memiliki derajat ko-produksi yang berbeda, kedua RPTRA memiliki prospek untuk tetap hidup dan berkembang di masa mendatang.

scholarly journals A typological classification of neighbourhood public open spaces: A case study of Novi Grad - Podgorica

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Miroslava Vujadinovic
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Space Design ◽  
Collective Housing ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the relationship between urban public space and everyday social life, as well as the forms of social interaction as patterns of use of public spaces in collective housing neighbourhoods. Urbanity issues are manifested both at social level by population alienation from the social surroundings, by the lack of joint activities and stay in the neighbourhood public open areas, as well as at physical level, by the lack of the area vitality and security, and neglect. The analysis of the neighborhood spatial form determinants is represented by the universally applicable typology based on spatial and sociological theories about the relationship of urban space and social processes, applicable to areas that generate patterns of people encounters and gatherings. Understanding the relation between human behaviors through the capacity of neighborhood open space contributes to the quality of the open spaces design and especially to enhancing the vitality of the city public spaces. The purpose of this paper is to obtain scientifically based approach to the public space design in a view of its use that may be beneficial to urban planners in the process of urban space regeneration.

scholarly journals Vegetation distribution analysis of green open space in Binjai Timur, North Sumatera Province using normalized difference vegetation index

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
A Zaitunah ◽  
Samsuri ◽  
N Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
High Density ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Density Class ◽  
The North

Abstract As the city grows, more and more vegetated land is converted to non-vegetated land. This also occurred at Binjai, a city in the North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The aim of this study was to examine the urban vegetation cover and its changes between 2015 and 2019. The research was carried out in Binjai Timur, which is one of Binjai’s sub-districts. The distribution of vegetation density was measured using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) value classification. The decrease in the dense class to 10.08 percent was the most significant change in vegetation density class between 2015 and 2019. This was followed by an 8.87 percent increase in the high-density class. This indicates that there is an area with vegetation density increased from lower density to high density. The district has green open spaces in the form of a neighborhood park, cemetery, sub-district park, greenbelt along the road and river, and house yards, according to the field check. These green open spaces were located in low and medium-density areas. The findings suggest that planting trees in those locations and arrangement of vegetation within parks could improve its quality and function. For good quality of urban environments, it is optimizing the use of house yards as vegetated land and boosting green open space quality is required.

scholarly journals Study on the Importance of Open Space Due to Create Dhaka as a Child Friendly City

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Development ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Child Friendly

Though open spaces are considered a lifeline not just for urban residents but also for children's physical and mental development, Dhaka city is alarmingly losing its parks, playgrounds, and other public spaces to people for numerous causes, such as interference, lack of proper preparation, political and economic power, or simply due to the incompetence and corruption of city officials. This research paper aims to study on open spaces like the playground, parks, and amusement parks in Dhaka which is an important element due to creating a child-friendly city. There is no proper planning and guideline of open spaces for children in Dhaka where e importance of play for a child’s cognitive, social, physical, and emotional development has been recognized by researchers worldwide. Children’s need to open space to play, learn, exercise, leisure, which is very important for the growth of children’s and the training of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills, to be able to grow and develop properly. Dhaka lacks these sufficient open spaces for children and will strive to build a child-friendly atmosphere immediately.

scholarly journals Conception of open spaces- A Case of Delhi Courtyard Houses

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Rapid Transformation

Concerns for the future of our environment, with regards to climate change, scarcity of resources, population growth, and globalization are growing, we need alternative solutions as to how can we reduce the negative impact of all the above on the planet while catering the needs of the mass. Only recently has there been debates if or not vernacular and traditional aspects of architecture can be the key to the required change. Courtyards and open spaces are one of the attributes of vernacular architecture that needs to be discussed in the above context. The importance of these spaces had already been proven for different climatic conditions. However, there is a need to justify this kind of open space typology in the lights of contemporary architecture of a metropolitan city like Delhi which is having a diverse urban fabric, a high rate of influx, and also cultural diversification. Given that the most common and relatable architectural typology is the dwelling, and it is subjected to a rapid transformation concerning its built as well as use. The following case takes into consideration the residential open spaces of Delhi through a comparative study of residential courtyard spaces of Delhi hence, the paper tries to form a conception of open spaces in the residential typology of Delhi post-independence and hence, tries to study the dwellings of the same time dating from the 1950s till date it also provides the reader an insight to the reasoning of flattening of built forms that have emerged in today’s era, despite the heterogeneity of people and what are the possible solutions to this through the understanding of courtyard spaces and use its functional benefits like comfort and a sense of belongingness.

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