scholarly journals Implementation of the Modern Monitoring Methods as the Main Stage of Digitalization of the Agrarian Enterprises

Population is growing and, at the same time, the need for food requires new methods of agriculture. Modern technologies help agrarian producers to improve yields in conditions where suitable fertile lands are decreasing every year and climatic conditions become unpredictable. In addition to global problems, agrarian producers face the competitiveness of large agrarian giants when business exists in tough market conditions. The use of the modern tools for improvement of productivity has influence on the big number of agricultural enterprises. The main obstacle to the widespread dissemination of these tools is the lack of experience in using modern means and technologies, including monitoring. The article discusses the most available method for entering to a new level of digitization, namely, monitoring with the help of satellites and drones. This method of increasing yields is widely used in the world, but is only beginning to gain popularity in Ukraine. The information which is provided in the article will help agricultural producers to assess the need of implementation of these tools for their own businesses and to understand the benefits of a particular method of monitoring. The article explains in an accessible way the advantages and disadvantages of modern methods of monitoring, mechanism of its action and implementation; provides a comparison of the quality of information of satellites and drones, and considers the problems and prospects of these methods of monitoring in the future.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Baymirzayev Dilmurod Nematovich

Agriculture is one of the high-risk sectors of the agro-industrial complex, which operates under the influence of internal and external risks. The results of the activities of agricultural producers are directly related not only to the amount and quality of labor, the level of technology and technology used, but also to the objective high risk conditions for agricultural production. Risk research remains one of the most important modern areas of economic research. Risk studies play an important role in predicting economic development and making optimal decisions. Achieving sustainable agricultural production requires research in industry risks. It is necessary to establish a system of organizational and economic measures to reduce the negative impact of risk factors on the production and financial results of agricultural enterprises


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
A. V. Vitiuk ◽  
◽  
O. A. Smetaniuk ◽  

The paper deals with the study of the relationship between agricultural development of and agricultural engineering. Production output of certain types of machines and equipment for agriculture are examined. The dynamics of production performance in plant growing and stockbreeding is analyzed. The dynamics of such agricultural development indices as net income, subsidies, taxes, net value added, fixed capital application, etc. are considered. The tripling of output and a steady growth of net profit of agricultural producers are established. It is proven that farm equipment upgrading is less active than net income growth, and thus it was determined that enterprises have the necessary financial resources to generate demand for agricultural machinery. The peculiarities of agricultural machinery production in Ukraine at the present stage are revealed, in particular the causes and consequences of such a situation in production machinery for agricultural enterprises. Two opposite trends in agricultural machinery production are identified, namely, the decline in the production of complex, expensive machinery and the increase in the production of less costly appliances. The condition of the durable equipment in agriculture is analyzed by identifying their value and the degree of wear. Consequences of the increase in the quantity and quality of used machinery in agriculture are revealed. The requirements of agricultural enterprises for the quality of agricultural machinery are identified, and their classification by the requirements for quality, value and service is worked out. The quality requirements include technical and functional characteristics; value requirements consist of equipment prices, discounts, and value-added services. Service requirements comprise quality assurance of information, organizational and maintenance services. In accordance with the established requirements, technical, organizational, economic and social ways to meet these requirements were developed.


2019 ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Andrey V Gostev ◽  
Aleksey I Pykhtin ◽  
Roman V Popadinets

As follows from the analysis of the collected experimental material of long-term field trials of the Kursk Federal Agricultural Research Centre and generalization of the activities results of leading domestic research and educational institutions, as well as the practical results of many agricultural enterprises of the eastern part of Europe, we have identified the most effective conditions for the use of basic agricultural methods in wheat cultivation technologies as well as spring and winter barley, seed peas, buckwheat, grain maize, oats, millet and winter rye cultivation technologies of different levels of intensity which contribute to the rational use of available resources of agricultural producers based on the prevailing soil and climatic conditions. The technologies made it possible to prepare scientific-methodological approaches and a mathematical model to solve the problems of selecting an adaptive technology of crops cultivation. A normative-reference database for different types of crops cultivation technologies has also been made, including a list of zoned recognized varieties and hybrids of crops under study, necessary technology methods taking into account conditions of their effective use. Currently, an algorithm and the corresponding software are being developed to choose the most expedient technology of crop cultivation for specific soil and climatic conditions depending on a set of defining factors. There has been created software (in the form of a complex of programs for stationary computers and mobile electronic devices with the Android operating system. A specialized website has been developed. It provides a scientifically well-grounded selection of crops varieties and hybrids for the eastern part of Europa on the basis of user-specified conditions.


NDT World ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Markov ◽  
Ekaterina Maksimova

This year, due to the COVID 19 pandemic, the world faced the urgent issue of mastering new forms of work and training. This also affected the process of improving the qualifications of specialists in the NDT. In a short time, training centers had to master modern technologies for distance learning and testing the knowledge of NDT specialists. The paper considers the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning using the example of advanced training of specialists in the analysis of flaws of multichannel rail flaws. Recommendations for improving the quality of distance learning are given.


2021 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alekseevna Molochkova ◽  
Marina Valentinovna Gromova ◽  
Valery Alekseevich Bartenev ◽  
Aleksander Viktorovich Borodkin ◽  
Aleksander Mikhailovich Salnikov

The rapid spread of modern computer and communication technologies resulted in some global problems in society, including the adoption and rejection of such technologies in education. The COVID pandemic forced a widespread use of modern-style communications between tutors and students but unsolved problems still exist and will exist in the post-COVID era. The main goal of the paper is to find the potential borders of using modern technologies for students learning economics and business management in Russia. The authors conducted the survey in March of 2021 in the Yaroslavl Region, Russia. The main finding of the paper is the necessity of limiting the use of computer technology. The main reason for such limits is a possible decrease in students’ health and the quality of education. All the results gained by the authors are applicable in the practice of organization of educational processes for students involved in economics and business management. Probably, the results may be inapplicable for students of other fields such as medicine, art, engineers, etc.


Author(s):  
Igor Sachovsky

Agriculture, for many reasons, can be considered one of the most important sectors of the economic complex of Ukraine. Its significance is determined, in our opinion, in particular by the dynamics of growth of agricultural production, which, in turn, depends on many, to some extent, important factors. In particular, how perfect is the state policy on the agro-industrial complex, especially in terms of regulating the pricing of basic agricultural products, to what extent the state policy on agricultural development takes into account the specifics of a region (area), including climatic conditions, the nature of historical production, the age structure of the population, its worldview, etc., that is, ultimately, to what extent the state policy to support agriculture meets the interests of the individual producer. All this is directly reflected in the growth (decrease?) rate of agricultural production, which determines the relevance of the study. The main, most important provisions of the article are: firstly, the statistical information provided in the proposed article on the specifics of agricultural production in Ukraine, its detail in terms of areas in a more generalized form can give a holistic, complete picture of its features in each of the regions of the country, which in some cases took place; secondly, in the direct context of the above, we consider it appropriate to highlight separately that despite all its ambiguity, the advantage of the above statistical material on the peculiarities of agricultural production in Ukraine in 2020 (2019) in absolute terms is that if needed it can significantly expand the range of necessary calculated information, on what, actually, the offered article was based also; thirdly, taking into account the above, however, different, one of the most important features of the proposed article is that the structure of agricultural production was analyzed in terms of production ratios of the main groups of producers of this type, which, as practice shows, were agricultural enterprises and farms of the population, and, emphasizing, in each of the regions of Ukraine; fourthly, perhaps not least, the significance of the analysis of the ratio of production volumes of the main groups of agricultural producers in Ukraine is enhanced by its detailing given their main subspecies, such as crop and livestock, which, in a sense, can be the basis for not only few more global and cognitive conclusions. Regarding the purely conclusions, one of the most important components of the article, we even consider it necessary to consider two of them separately: firstly, agriculture is an integral part of the national economic complex of Ukraine and the efficiency of its functioning can be one of the most important indicators of the level of economic development of the country as a whole; secondly, we believe that the efficiency of agricultural production both in Ukraine as a whole and, in particular, in its individual regions is determined not so much by optimizing the ratio of major groups of producers, which, as practice shows, were agricultural enterprises and households, how perfect the economic mechanism of functioning of each of them in particular.


2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-484
Author(s):  
Suzana V. Marković Krstić ◽  
Lela R. Milošević Radulović

Education is a significant factor which contributes to overcoming social, economic, health, ecological and other challenges. During a pandemic, formal education adapts to ongoing circumstances, and the learning-teaching process transitions to distance education. A study of the advantages and disadvantages of the realization of certain modalities of distance education is significant as it contributes to the improvement of its quality. The aim was to determine how the citizens of Serbia evaluated the quality of distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research questions focused on how they evaluated: distance education based on modality (via Radio Television of Serbia, Google Classroom, Google Meet, Zoom, Viber groups, WhatsApp), the level of involvement of the learners/students during distance learning classes, the quality and extent of their acquired knowledge, and the level of skills that teachers need to effectively teach in distance education. The study presents the results of a survey carried out in 2020 on a sample of 602 adult Serbian citizens. The results confirm the initial hypothesis that certain modalities of distance education received a highly positive evaluation (Google Classroom, Google Meet, Zoom), and that teachers, learners/students, and other citizens provided statistically significant different evaluations of their quality (classes for primary and secondary school students broadcast on the Radio Television of Serbia; classes via Viber groups, on WhatsApp). Citizens feel that distance education enables efficient learning-teaching during the pandemic, confirming the importance of modern technologies for the learning-teaching process in Serbia, and the need for their continued intense development and application in education. Keywords: learners/students, distance education, Serbia, teachers’ skills, the COVID-19 pandemic


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 922-931
Author(s):  
V. L. Bersenev ◽  

Import substitution has become a key factor in the transition of the Russian economy to innovation-driven development. Apart from everything else, the results of testing of the Prebisch — Singer hypothesis point to the need for this transition. The article considers theoretical and legal aspects of Russia’s import substitution policy in agriculture. This sector depends on natural and climatic conditions, it is also characterized by seasonality of production processes and it uses animals and plants as resources for production. Therefore, extraordinary measures are required to organize import substitution in this sphere. Moreover, in accordance with Engel’s law, it is necessary to ensure not only the country’s food independence but also the high quality of agricultural production. To this end, the main principles of import substitution should be enshrined in federal legislation. In this case, the interests of national agricultural producers will be better protected from changes in the political environment.


Author(s):  
О. Sarapina ◽  
О. Yeremian

Abstract. The level, dynamics and structure of tax revenues from agricultural producers by types of economic activity of sub-sectors of agriculture and types of taxes are analyzed. It is proved that agricultural producers are those entities that form the tax base of local budget revenues. The most important among the tax payments of agricultural producers are three taxes (personal income tax, property tax and a single tax). Therefore, when developing directions for improving taxation of agricultural producers, the main focus should be on factors such as land resources and value added as objects of taxation, since in terms of labor resources and their income, agricultural producers are actually only tax agents. The peculiarities of taxation of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine under the general system and the simplified system of taxation in the form of a single group IV tax at the present stage are investigated. The existing criteria, objects and tax base for single taxpayer group IV taxpayers are critically considered in terms of their relevance to the ideas of creating a simplified tax system. The advantages and disadvantages of a single group IV tax have been identified and the ways to improve the mechanism of taxation of agricultural enterprises for the creation of a favorable tax environment have been proposed. Such measures should have a significant impact on the activities of farmers, strengthen their market position and enhance their competitiveness. The implementation of the developed measures will increase the efficiency of the taxation system of agricultural enterprises, strengthen the regulatory function of taxes and the filling of local budgets, create a favorable climate for innovation and investment. Keywords: agricultural producers, taxation, taxes, benefits, disadvantages, improvements, measures. JEL Сlassification H21 Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 11.


2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
Volmir Frandoloso ◽  
Géri Eduardo Meneghello ◽  
Maria Ângela André ◽  
Cristiane Deuner ◽  
Winicius Menegaz

Abstract:The production of soybeans in the state of Santa Catarina is quite significant in the national context, since the state is recognized for producing seeds with high standards of physiological quality, due to the use of modern technologies and favorable climatic conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds produced by major companies in the state of Santa Catarina, analyzed in three seasons: harvesting (reception at UBS), after processing and at the time of sale. The experiment was conducted in the state of Santa Catarina, in the main regions and companies producing commercial soybean seeds: Xanxerê (companies A, B and C), Abelardo Luz (companies D and E), and Campus Novos (companies F and G), in addition to Canoinhas, which was evaluated with a single producer (company H). Data analysis and interpretation of the results showed that the soybean seeds produced in different regions have adequate quality for sowing and germination within the standards required for marketing, except the BRS 295 cultivars and Don Mario 7.0i company "F".


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