scholarly journals Phycoremediation and Biogas Production Potential of Chlorella Vulgaris Grown in Secondarily Treated Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1939-1945
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Open Raceway Pond ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment

Present study aims at exploring parallel nutrient removal from secondarily treated wastewater and biogas production potential of Chlorella vulgaris. The observed growth rate (per day) and doubling time (days) of C. vulgaris was 0.36 and 0.44, respectively. C. vulgaris has removed 31 % COD, 40 % PO4 -P , 36 % NH4 -N and 38 % TKN from secondarily treated wastewater using open raceway pond. The biomass was analyzed for proteins, carbohydrates, Lipids, fibres, TS and VS. The optimum loading rate for maximum biogas yield was found to be 2 g VS/L. Effect of various pre-treatment methods (thermal, chemical, sonication and thermo-chemical) has also been studied. The biomass and biomass extract (before and after pre-treatments) were also analyzed for solubilization of complex compounds. Thermally pre-treated biomass has increased biogas production by 60 % (480 mL/g VS) relative to untreated biomass (350 mL/g VS). This study has successfully demonstrated that microalgal cultivation in wastewater can be easily adopted in currently available wastewater treatment plants without any major modifications of existing available infrastructure

scholarly journals A Scientometric Study on Industrial Effluent and Sludge Toxicity

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Amid Mostafaie ◽  
Diogo N. Cardoso ◽  
Mohammadreza Kamali ◽  
Susana Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Scientometric Study

The growth of industrialization has led to an increase in the production of highly contaminated wastewater. Industrial wastewater contains highly complex compounds varying in characteristics and required to be treated before its discharge into a water medium from various industries. However, the efficiency of the treated wastewater from the toxicity reduction perspective is unclear. In order to overcome this barrier, toxicity assessment of the industrial wastewater before and after treatment is crucial. Thus, in this study, a scientometric analysis has been performed on the toxicity assessment of industrial wastewater and sludges, which have been reported in the literature. Web of Science (WoS) core collection database has been considered the main database to execute this analysis. Via the search of pre-researched keywords, a total number of 1038 documents were collected, which have been published from 1951 to 2020. Via CiteSpace software and WoS analyser, these documents went under analysis regarding some of the scientometry criteria, and the detailed results obtained are provided in this study. The total number of published documents on this topic is relatively low during such a long period of time. In conclusion, the need for more detailed contributions among the scientific and industrial communities has been felt.

scholarly journals Potentially Infectious Novel Hepatitis A Virus Strains Detected in Selected Treated Wastewater Discharge Sources, South Africa

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1468
Author(s):  
Saïd Rachida ◽  
Maureen Beatrice Taylor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Amino Acid Mutations

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a waterborne pathogen of public health importance. In South Africa (SA), unique HAV subgenotype IB strains have been detected in surface and wastewater samples, as well as on fresh produce at the point of retail. However, due to the use of molecular-based assays, the infectivity of the detected strains was unknown. Considering the potential shift of HAV endemicity from high to intermediate, which could increase the risk of severe symptomatic disease, this study investigated the identity of HAV strains detected before and after viability treatment of selected wastewater discharge samples. For one year, 118 samples consisting of sewage, treated wastewater discharge and downstream dam water were collected from five wastewater treatment plants (WWTP 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). Unique HAV IB strains were detected in samples from all five WWTPs, with 11 of these strains carrying amino acid mutations at the immunodominant and neutralisation epitopes. A quasispecies dynamic of HAV has also been detected in sewage samples. The subsequent application of viability PCR revealed that potentially infectious HAV strains were discharged from WWTP 1, 2, 4 and 5 into the dam. Therefore, there is a potential risk of HAV exposure to communities using water sources downstream the WWTPs.

scholarly journals Opportunity of Biogas Production from Solid Organic Wastes through Anaerobic Digestion

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 05025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagor Kumar Pramanik ◽  
Fatihah Binti Suja ◽  
Biplob Kumar Pramanik ◽  
Shahrom Bindi Md Zain
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Pre Treatment

Solid organic wastes create potential risks to environmental pollution and human health due to the uncontrolled discharge of huge quantities of hazardous wastes from numerous sources. Now-a-days, anaerobic digestion (AD) is considered as a verified and effective alternative compared to other techniques for treating solid organic waste. The paper reviewed the biological process and parameters involved in the AD along with the factors could enhance the AD process. Hydrolysis is considered as a rate-limiting phase in the complex AD process. The performance and stability of AD process is highly influenced by various operating parameters like temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen ratio, retention time, and organic loading rate. Different pre-treatment (e.g. mechanical, chemical and biological) could enhance the AD process and the biogas yield. Co-digestion can also be used to provide suitable nutrient balance inside the digester. Challenges of the anaerobic digestion for biogas production are also discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Combined Inoculation on Biogas Production from Hardly Degradable Material

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Achinas ◽  
Gerrit Euverink
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Optimal Mixing ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

The goal of this research was to appraise the effect of combined inoculation on the performance of anaerobic digesters treating hardly degradable material, and particularly the pressed fine sieved fraction (PFSF) derived from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Batch tests were conducted in mesophilic conditions in order to examine the optimal mixing ratio of inoculums. Mixing ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 of three different inoculums were applied in the batch tests. The findings indicated that the inoculation of digested activated sludge with digested organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the ratio 25:75 resulted in a higher PFSF degradation and a higher biogas yield. The results from the kinetic analysis fit well with the results from the batch experiment.

Effect of Millet Stalks and Shea Nut Shells on Biogas Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Cosmos Moki Elinge ◽  
Ayodeji Rapheal Ige ◽  
Morenike O. Adesina ◽  
Harrison Ogala ◽  
Lawal Gusau Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Anaerobic Condition ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Good Material ◽  
Before And After

Biogas production undergoes decomposition of organic compounds under anaerobic condition. This present work investigated the yield of biogas production from Shea nut shell and millet stalk and their blends with sheep dung. It was revealed that sheep dung (control) had the highest yield with an average production of 187.8 ml of gas for 102 days followed by sheanut shell - sheep dung blends which had 123.3 ml of gas for 102 days. Millet stalk - sheep dung blends recorded 75.9 ml of gas for 79 days. Shea nut shell and millet stalk presented 31.5 ml of gas for 81 days and 7.1 ml of gas for 48 days respectively while the pH for production ranged from 10.1 to 4.6. The moisture contents recorded for millet stalk, Shea nut shell and sheep dung before and after production were 40%, 45%, 65% and 80%, 65%, 85 respectively, and also the recorded ash contents before and after production were, 35%, 45%, 40% and 85%, 75%, 65%, respectively. It was observed that the blending of Shea nut shell and sheep dung greatly improves biogas yield while Millet stalks alone are good material for biogas production at a reasonable pH and moisture content values.

scholarly journals Low intensity surplus activated sludge pretreatment before anaerobic digestion

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Suschka ◽  
Klaudiusz Grübel
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Mass Minimization ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractSewage sludge (municipal, or industrial) treatment is still a problem in so far that it is not satisfactorily resolved in terms of cost and final disposal. Two common forms of sludge disposal are possible; the first being direct disposal on land (including agriculture) and the second being incineration (ash production), although neither of these methods are universally applied. Simplifying the issue, direct sludge disposal on land is seldom applied for sanitary and environmental reasons, while incineration is not popular for financial (high costs) reasons. Very often medium and large wastewater treatment plants apply anaerobic digestion for sludge hygiene principles, reducing the amount to be disposed and for biogas (energy) production. With the progress in sewage biological treatment aiming at nutrient removal, primary sludge has been omitted in the working processes and only surplus activated sludge requires handling. Anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) is more difficult due to the presence of microorganisms, the decomposition of which requires a relatively long time for hydrolysis. In order to upgrade the hydrolysis effects, several different pre-treatment processes have already been developed and introduced. The additional pre-treatment processes applied are aimed at residual sludge bulk mass minimization, shortening of the anaerobic digestion process or higher biogas production, and therefore require additional energy. The water-energy-waste Nexus (treads of) of the benefits and operational difficulties, including energy costs are discussed in this paper. The intensity of pre-treatment processes to upgrade the microorganism’s hydrolysis has crucial implications. Here a low intensity pre-treatment process, alkalisation and hydrodynamic disintegration - hybrid process - were presented in order to achieve sufficient effects of WAS anaerobic digestion. A sludge digestion efficiency increase expressed as 45% biogas additional production and 52% of the total or volatile solids reduction has been confirmed.

scholarly journals Effect of Mechanical Pre-Treatment of the Agricultural Substrates on Yield of Biogas and Kinetics of Anaerobic Digestion

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Szlachta ◽  
Hubert Prask ◽  
Małgorzata Fugol ◽  
Adam Luberański
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Degree Of Fragmentation ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model

The effect of mechanical pre-treatment of nine different agricultural substrates minced to particle sizes of 1.5 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm on biogas and methane yields and fermentation kinetics was investigated. The results showed, that for five of the nine tested substrates (grass, Progas rye, Palazzo rye, tall wheatgrass, beet), a higher biogas production was obtained for the degree of fragmentation of 10 mm compared to fragmentation of 5 mm and 1.5 mm. For fragmentation of 5 mm, the highest biogas production was achieved for sorghum silage, Atletico maize and Cannavaro maize—649.80, 735.59 and 671.83 Nm3/Mg VS, respectively. However, for the degree of fragmentation of 1.5 mm, the highest biogas production (510.43 Nm3/Mg volatile solid (VS)) was obtained with Topinambur silage. The modified Gompertz model fitted well the kinetics of anaerobic digestion of substrates and show a significant dependence of the model parameters Hmax (biogas production potential) and Rmax (maximum rate of biogas production) on the degree of substrate fragmentation.

Screening of Factors Affecting Pre-Treatment by Ammonia-N Removal from Poultry Manure Wastewater by Using Soil Water to Improve Biogas Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 1107 ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
Nina Farhana Mohd Jamaludin ◽  
Norazwina Zainol
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Treatment Condition ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment

In this study, best pre-treatment condition of poultry manure wastewater (PMW) was determined from factorial analysis for the purpose of improving biogas production. Five factors were chosen for factorial screening namely: agitation (0 or 200 rpm), reaction time (2 to 5 hours), type of soil (peat soil or poultry farm soil), soil to water ratio (1:1 or 1:4) and PMW to soil water (SW) ratio (1:4 or 2:3). Based on the result, agitation gave highest contribution in pre-treatment of PMW at 38.36% followed by PMW to SW ratio at 29.76% contribution. In term of interaction, agitation and reaction gave the highest contribution to pre-treatment of PMW at 3.33% contribution. The best pre-treatment condition suggested by Design Expert software was using peat soil as source of soil at SW ratio of 1:6, and mixed with PMW at 1:4 ratio without agitation for 5 hours reaction time. Application of this best pre-treatment condition showed improvement in biogas yield by 82 % from 0.0045 L/g COD using untreated PMW to 0.0248 L/g COD using treated PMW.

Experimental Study on Biogas Production by Mesophilic Fermentation with Dimocarpus Longan Pericarp

2014 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 502-507
Author(s):  
Li Juan Zhang ◽  
Wei Dong Lin ◽  
Wu Di Zhang ◽  
Fang Yin ◽  
Xing Ling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Dimocarpus Longan ◽  
Experimental Group

In order to gain the biogas production potential from pericarp of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruits, the anaerobic batch fermentation which were divided into the control group (120mL inoculum), the experimental group (120mL inoculum and 15g Dimocarpus longan pericarp) were performed at 30°C.The results indicated that the net biogas production of the experimental group during total fermentation time of 45d was 2455mL. Further, it was calculated that the biogas yield of Dimocarpus longan pericarp was 269mL/g TS or 294mL/g VS.

Anaerobic codigestion of waste activated sludge and OFMSW: the experiences of Viareggio and Treviso plants (Italy)

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bolzonella ◽  
P. Battistoni ◽  
C. Susini ◽  
F. Cecchi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Anaerobic Codigestion

The paper presents the results of two full-scale applications of the anaerobic co-digestion process of waste activated sludge together with the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes. The experiences were carried out at Viareggio and Treviso wastewater treatment plants (Italy). In the first plant, 3 tons per day of source sorted OFMSW were co-digested with waste activated sludge, increasing the organic loading rate from 1.0 to 1.2 kgTVS/m3d. This determined a 50% increase in biogas production. At Treviso WWTP, which has been working for 2 years, some 10 tons per day of separately collected OFMSW are treated using a low-energy consumption sorting line, which allows the removal of 99% and 90% of metals and plastics respectively. In these conditions, the biogas yield increased from 3,500 up to 17,500 m3/month. Industrial costs were evaluated less than 50 € per ton of organic waste, while the payback time was calculated as two years.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document