scholarly journals Politics in Society and Literature: A Marxist Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-842
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Politics And Literature ◽  
Communist Manifesto ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
Ideological Perspective ◽  
The Individual

One of the political theory ever formulated was The Communist Manifesto by Marx was an epoch-making philosophy that was presented before us; a war of class and materialism. The theory changed the dynamics of the 20th century. Marx gives an account of communism where they visualize a society devoid of class, state, and property that envisaged the theory of capitalism which has a huge impact on the life of million of which the genesis is the modernism. Marx crucial remarks "it is not the consciousness of men that determines their being, but, on the contrary, their social existence that determines their consciousness". There had been constant conflict between classes when it comes to marginalized. The question arises if there is any aesthetic of the marginalized or the oppressed that lived in the slum area. Not a single play from 1900-1920 was based on the life of marginalized. Marx as a philosopher believes that a human defines himself/herself through his consciousness and that the individual consciousness is not separate from the social group or a class. The consciousness of the social group defines the consciousness of man. Economically it's between people who are in power and the people who are deprived of it and that money is synonymous with power. The paper discusses how the "marginalized" is an ideological perspective with an extinction of progress and there is a constant conflict of war in both politics and literature when it comes to marginalized

scholarly journals DARI ISOLASI KE AKULTURASI (STUDI TENTANG PEMBENTUKAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KAMPUNG TRANS DI DESA KURAU)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-168
Author(s):  
Trisna Malinda
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
In Trans ◽  
The Individual

This study exposes about society changes when the formation and development of Trans Village program from isolation to acculturation. Its purpose is to identify how the community change from isolated to acculturated and changes then forms a social identity in Trans Village. The Theory used in this field is Henri Taifel’s social identity theory that stated the individual concept forms by their experience in the group by acknowledging and applied the social values, participate, and develops their sense of care and pride of their group. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. This study also uses data analysis techniques by reducing data, displaying data and drawing conclusions. The number of informants used is 9 people filtered through purposive sampling. The results of this study indicate that the process from isolation to community acculturation occurred at the time of the formation and development of the Trans Village in Kurau Village. At first, the transmigrant communities are isolated from the local community so there are no interactions. Then by the time being, Trans Village leads to the transformation of social identity. Social identity is formed starting from the awareness, relationships, collaboration and harmonization among the people. People who were initially isolated have now become acculturated in Kampung Trans. This condition can be seen from the merging of the community, namely the local community and transmigrants in Trans Village which caused mixing between cultures so that new cultures are formed while still preserving old cultures. People live mingled by promoting the values ​​and rules that exist in Kampung Trans.

The social group and status of the individual

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
V.C. Wynne-Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

The Significance of Psychiatric Symptomatology for Social Adaptation

1964 ◽  
Vol 110 (467) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Walton ◽  
R. Bennett ◽  
L. Nahemow
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social System ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
The Individual

The social adjustment of individuals is studied from different viewpoints by psychiatrists and sociologists. The psychiatrist is concerned with the malfunctioning personality (and with normal function toward which patients must be assisted); the sociologist is concerned with the functioning social system. The basic reference of both disciplines is to the individual and the individual's adaptation in his social group.

scholarly journals The Ethical Value of Oriental Religions under the Roman Empire

1915 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-181
Author(s):  
Clifford Herschel Moore
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Western Half

To estimate with any considerable degree of accuracy the moral value of the Oriental religions under the Roman Empire is a hard and perhaps an impossible task. The difficulties arise in part from the fact that these religions, like most others, did not aim primarily at developing what we understand by morality in the individual, but rather at establishing such relations with the gods as to give men security and prosperity here and hereafter; and in part the difficulties are due to the paucity of our data and our liability to error in the interpretation thereof. Yet a religion, like any other form of human expression, inevitably influences as well as reflects the conduct of the social group which cultivates it; that is to say, it cannot exist apart by itself. Therefore it is not an unprofitable thing to attempt to determine with such accuracy as may be attainable the relation to morality of the imported Oriental cults which were widely cultivated in the Occidental part of the Roman Empire between the first and the fourth centuries of our era. We confine our consideration to the Western half of the Empire, for there the evidence as to these exotic religions is most plentiful and it is possible to see them isolated, so to speak, from their native environment. It will be necessary, however, first to consider the moral and religious environment into which these cults entered.

scholarly journals Process and Relation: Origins of the Autonomist Theory of Individuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
N.N. Tinus
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Continuous Formation ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Philosophy Of Dialogue ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Individual ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
European Thought

Any political theory is built on the foundation of a certain ontology, an integral part of which is the problem of an individual. For a long time, the ontological primacy in the European thought was attached to the concept of an individual that was understood as a complete and selfsufficient unit. However, today one can talk about the growing popularity of the approach that views an individual as a relative reality in a state of continuous formation i.e., the process of individuation. This approach is developed by the Italian intellectuals, whose general ideological view is known as autonomism (P.Virno, M.Lazzarato, A.Negri etc.). The article examines the origins of the theory of individuation and its political implications within the autono mist thought. The first part of the article examines the ways of representing an individual in the ontologies of B.Spinoza and G.Simondon. The author demonstrates that the procedural and relational understanding of an individual proposed by these philosophers contributes to bridging the gap between the collective and the individual not only in politics, but also in thinking. An individual is a consequence of the concretization of the general and retains a connection with it. The second part analyzes the psychological and linguistic aspects of individuation, elaborated in L.Vygotsky’s psychology and M.Bakhtin’s philosophy of dialogue. Individuation is interpreted as a movement from the social to the individual, carried out with the help of various tools, primarily by the means of the language. The author evaluates the reception of these thinkers’ ideas in the context of autonomism. The author concludes that the autonomist concept of individuation is a synthetic theory that brings together the general aspects of the consi dered above schools of thought into a single perspective. In fact, the concept is a large-scale revision of the ontological and anthropological foundations of thinking about politics. Its goal is to destroy the idea of a “sovereign individual”, which was born within the liberal tradition, and, as a consequence, to liberate the sphere of the collective from the control of capital.

scholarly journals The Cognitive Processes Underlying Moral Judgment Across Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Chalik ◽  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel ◽  
Marjorie Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Moral Belief ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Made In

Some moral philosophers have suggested that a basic prohibition against intentional harm ought to be at the core of moral belief systems across human societies. Yet, experimental work suggests that not all harm is created equal—people often respond more negatively to harm that occurs among fellow social group members, rather than between members of different groups. The present two studies investigated how concerns about social group membership factor into the moral judgment system. Adults (N = 111, Study 1) and children (N = 110, Study 2) evaluated instances of inter- and intra-group harm under varying levels of cognitive load. Both children and adults responded more slowly to intergroup harm than to intragroup harm. Furthermore, adults under cognitive load rated intergroup harm more leniently than intragroup harm, but adults who were not under load rated the two types of behaviors similarly. These findings suggest that across development, evaluations of intergroup harm rely more heavily on conscious deliberation than evaluations of intragroup harm. Thus, people's evaluations of harmful behaviors are made in light of information about the social category membership of the people involved.

scholarly journals Legal Education and Upbringing of Order

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Joniada Musaraj
Keyword(s):  
Legal Education ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Literacy ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

A great importance to a democratic society is the creation of legal literacy education on rule. Such a breeding seems to be primarily present in the consciousness of every citizen. The principles of a democratic state should be installed, first to society. These principles embodied in the individual consciousness in the form of legal and institutional consciousness. Moreover every man should know that c `demands of an institution, and should make it impossible to solve the institutional and democratic way, even when he finds the office door closed, even by officials when a problem exists as insoluble. An individual should not be equated with the passivity that is generally characterized by officials, but must use every means to protect the right and dignity. Methodology: First, quantitative analysis was used to see why the number of citizens dissatisfied with the exercise of their rights is increasing. Secondly, qualitative analysis was used by analyzing the social and objective causes that lead to a lack of legal education of the public. Expected results: the consequent link between the lack of information on the law and non-exercise of the right. This scientific paper seeks to give concretely what are some of the strategies that should be used to have a well-informed public and satisfied with the exercise of law.

scholarly journals The Formation and the Evolution of the British Labour Party

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Olha Buturlimova
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Party System ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
British Labour ◽  
The Individual

The article examines the processes of organizational development of the British Labour Party in the early XXth century, the evolution of the party structure and political programme in the twentieths of the XXth century. Special attention is paid to researching the formation of the Social Democratic Federation, Fabian Society and Independent Labour Party till the time of its joining to the Labour Representation Committee in 1900 and adopting the “Labour Party” name in 1906. The author’s aim was to comprehensively investigate the political manifests and activities of those organizations on the way of transformation from separate trade-unions and socialist groups to apparent union of labour, and then to the mass and wide represented parliamentary party. However, the variety of social base of those societies is distinguished, and difference of socialist views and tactics of achieving the final purpose are emphasized. Considerable attention is paid to the system of the individual membership and results thereof in the process of the evolution of the Labour Party’s organization. The reorganization of the Labour party in 1918, Representation of the People Act, 1918 and the crisis in the Liberal party were favourable for the further evolution of the Labour Party. It is summarized that the social base, the history of party’s birth, the conditions of formation and the party system had influenced the process of the evolution of the ideological and political concepts of Labourizm.

scholarly journals The Societal Crisis and The Human Dignity: Epistemological View

wisdom ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ana Bazac
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
Will To Live ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Autonomous State ◽  
Real State

The paper aims at emphasising the significances of the concept of dignity through the lens of the relational character of this concept. Even though it appeared in modernity as substantive/essence, as an autonomous state that might be attached to man – and it was developed in the frame of methodological individualism –, dignity is a construct depending on the historical and social relations, thus the culture and values dominant in a certain time. And, because the consideration of the others is assumed by the individual who internalises the intertwining and force of values in the way he seems to not detach his own being from dignity, the paper demonstrates that, although there is an ontological basis of dignity – the human conatus – the concept of dignity is incomprehensible without connect it to, or more, without integrating it within the social complex.First of all, the individual translation of the human conatus in the concept of dignity supposes the social character of man. The instruments of the individual, necessary for his survival, are social. The language through which he expresses his self-consciousness as his own dignity is social. The nuances his self-consciousness transposes as feelings and their expressions are borrowed from the culture known by the individual.But leaving this alone, and considering as a beginning of the analysis only the individual’s feeling of dignity as transposition of his/her will to live, this feeling is vague, ineffable and evanescent if it would not have the positive or negative reactions of society towards it. Indeed, society is the ultimate criterion of the individual consciousness of dignity, because it accredits this individual feeling. If, by absurd, there was no society – or the individual would live in an individual niche and would not know anything about society (but, for the sake of our philosophical experiment, he could express through meaningful words his feelings) – the individual would not be sure that he has a constitutive dignity and he deserves dignity. Only the others authorise this feeling, whether they endorse it or not, having the function of a thermometer measuring the individual belief.Methodological individualism is contradictory concerning the concept of dignity: on the one hand, it lauds to sky this concept (in its essentialist variant) as related to the individual, and on the other hand, it neglects the consequences of social relations over the real state of dignity of all the human beings.Finally, the paper links this relational standpoint to both the surpassing of the abstract individual and the clash of universalistic and particularistic values.

scholarly journals Penguatan Paham Puritan dalam Program Latihan Khidmah Jamiyyah Organisasi Persatuan Islam di Garut

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Ihsan Kamaludin ◽  
Shifa Nisrina Sujana ◽  
Afifatus Sholikha
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Religious Schools ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Contributions ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Islamic Values

<p class="ListParagraph1"><em>This article focuses on implementing the Social learning method, which is used by Persatuan Islam organization in Garut district (West Java) and aims to found the impact of the curriculum for Santri life to strengthen the puritanism among society. This is mainly because Pesantren Persatuan Islam, the Islamic educational institution from Indonesia, has led citizens to broaden their knowledge and skills. Santri (pesantren students) should take a preaching class, which becomes one of the most well-known curriculums to spread Islamic values in society. This is a qualitative-descriptive that uses observation and in-depth interviews. The study indicates the method in Pesantren Persatuan Islam Garut district has a huge impact on social skills since it can also implement in society. This is mainly because the strategies of the Persatuan Islam (Persis) organization give some social contributions, so the people become accustomed to the Persis activities and leading some members of society to enroll their children to some Persatuan Islam religious schools.</em><em>          </em><em></em></p><p>Artikel ini berfokus pada implementasi dari metode pembelajaran sosial yang diberlakukan oleh organisasi Persatuan Islam di Kabupaten Garut (Jawa Barat) dan bertujuan untuk menemukan dampak dari kurikulum pada kehidupan santri dalam rangka penguatan nilai purtan di masyarakat. Hal ini didasarkan pada Pesantren Persatuan Islam sebagai salah salah satu Lembaga Pendidikan Islam dari Indonesia telah membina masyarakat untuk dapat memperluas ilmu pengetahuan dan keahliannya. Santri (siswa pesantren) harus mendalami dakwah yang menjadi salah satu kurikulum paling populer sehingga mereka mampu untuk menyebarluaskan ajaran Islam puritan di kalangan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dan teknik observasi serta wawancara kepada beberapa sumber penting yang berkaitan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa metode yang digunakan oleh Persatuan Islam Kab. Garut memberikan dampak yang besar pada kemampuan sosial sejak hal tersebut dapat diimplementasikan di dalam masyarakat. Hal ini disebabkan karena strategi yang digunakan oleh Persis memberikan kontribusi sosial sehingga orang-orang menjadi terbiasa dengan kegiatan Persis serta membuat masyarakat tertarik untuk mendaftarkan anak-anak mereka ke beberapa pesantren Persatuan Islam.</p>

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