scholarly journals A NEW APPROACH IN TREATMENT ACUTE IVERMECTIN TOXICITY IN MALE BALB-C MICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
F. M. K . Al-Rekabi ◽  
A. Alsadawi ◽  
Ali. I. Al-ameedi
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Combination Treated Group

This study was conducted to investigate the potential therapeutic of flumazenil and neostigmine in single and combination in Balb-C mice subjected to ivermectin acute oral toxicity. Ivermectin-poisoning dose was considered the half dose of LD50 that computed in current study as 20.9 mg/kg BW. A total of 24 male Blub-C mice were divided randomly into four equal treatment groups and administered ivermectin-poisoning dose (10 mg/kg BW) and treated as follows: control group (C), treated orally with distilled water; neostigmine-treated group (NT), treated i.p. with 60 µg/kg BW of neostigmine; flumazenil-treated group (FT), treated i.p. with 7 µg/kg BW of flumazenil; and combination-treated group (CT), treated i.p. with 30 µg/kg BW of neostigmine plus 3.5 µg/kg BW of flumazenil. Oral administration of ivermectin at poisoning dose caused grooming, lethargy, depression, recumbency, with no mortalities recorded. The toxic signs of animals in FT and NT groups were disappeared within 1.23 and 1.98 h, respectively, comparing to animals in CT and C groups, in which the recovery time was prolonged to 40.62 and 4.52 h, respectively. Overall, both flumazenil and neostigmine medicines have the potential to overcome ivermectin acute poisoning in Bulb-C mice, with flumazenil being more efficient. However, the combination of both medicines can cause an adverse prognosis.

scholarly journals Malondialdehyde Level in Seminal Plasma of Cryopreserved Holstein Bull Semen after Addition of Zinc, Cysteine, Prostaglandin F2α and their Combination in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
M. R. G. Al-Dahan ◽  
A. F. Majeed ◽  
M. A. Abed ◽  
F. Ibrahim ◽  
K. J. yahya
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bull Semen ◽  
Holstein Bull ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Combination Treated Group

The study was conducted to know the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in seminal plasma of cryopreserved semen of Holstein bulls after addition of zinc sulphate, cysteine, PGF2α and their combination in vitro. Semen was collected from 7 Holstein bulls, presented in Artificial insemination Center which belonged to the Directorate of Animal Resources/ Ministry of Agriculture at Abu-Graib at the west of Baghdad. Pooled semen were diluted with Tris- based extender and divided into five parts. The first part (T1) serve as a control (without addition). The 2nd part (T2) added to it zinc sulphate (0,576 mmol/ ml). The 3rd part (T3) added to it cysteine (5 mmol/ ml). The 4th part (T4) added to it PGF2α (37.5 pg/ ml). while the 5th part added to it a combination of previous substances at the same concentration. They packed in straws and cryopreserved in a liquid nitrogen and after 30, 60 and 90 days. Seminal plasma when isolated to measure the level of MDA. The results showed a significant decrease (P>0.01) in MDA level in the combination treated group (zinc, cysteine and PGF2α) 0.450 ± 0.11 (mmol/ ml) as compared with control group 1.025 ± 0.38 (mmol/ ml), zinc 0.867 ± 0.12 (mmol/ ml), cysteine 1.06 ± 0.12 (mmol/ ml) and PGF2α group 0.968 ± 0.17 (mmol/ ml) respectively. It was concluded from this study that addition of a combination of zinc, cysteine and PGF2α to the Holstein bull semen could decrease the level of MDA which might be due to the synergistic effect of these substances.

scholarly journals Study on Acute Oral Toxicity of Ethanolic Extract of Annonasquamosa Leaves in Mice (Musmusculus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa ◽  
Andini Dita Utami ◽  
Marianne
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dose Method ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Tubular Dilatation

Abstract. The aims of this study were to determine the potential for acute oral toxicity of ethanolic extract of A.squamosa leaves with LD50 and the histopathological changes in liver and kidney of mice.This research used experimental method as per fixed dose method. The number of animals used in this research were 20 female mice. The study was divided into 2 steps, there were sighting and main studies. The control group was given Na-CMC 0.5%, the treatment groups were given ethanolic extract of A.squamosa leaves with doses of 5, 50, 300,  2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg bw. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of A.squamosa leaves with doses of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg bw did not show any toxicity signs. At a dose of 5,000 mg/kg bw caused hydropic degeneration, necrosis hepatocyte, glomerular atrophy, and tubular dilatation.  There was no mortality was observed.It was estimated that LD50 of ethanolic extract of A.squamosa leaves was higher than 5,000 mg/kg bw and the extract were practically non-toxic. Keywords: Acute Toxicity,  Annona squamosa, Ethanolic Extract

Evaluation of general anaesthesia by using Propionylpromazine, Xylazine and Ketamine in rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-217
Author(s):  
M. J. Eesa
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Respiratory Arrest ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Ketamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Righting Reflex ◽  
Zero Time

Safe and effective anaesthetic regimens have been described for use in rabbits,partially because of the susceptibility of this species to fatal respiratory arrest. Thepresent study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of anesthetics, analgesicscombinations an anesthesia in twenty five local breed rabbits. Rabbits were injectedintramuscularly by: Propionylpromazine 0.5mg/kg B.W. as premedictation, after10minutes later Xylazine and Ketamine Hydrochloride at a dose of 20mg/kg,50mg/kg respectively. The results of the physiological parameters of the controlgroup at the period of zero time concerning rectal body temperature, respiratory rate,heart rate were 38.00±0.29 ºC; 96.36 ±3.33bpm; and 147.20±6.46/minutesrespectively. While in treated group at the periods 10, 20, 35, 50, 65, 80 and 95minutes were 37.76 ±0.61; 37.34± 0.28; 37.00± 0.29; 37.00±0.35; 36.92±0.38;35.80±0.40; 34.92± 0.53 ºC; 96.36±3.33; 41.00±1.37; 45.00±2.01; 45±2.01;40.00±1.31; 40.00±1.31; 39.20±1.01 bpm; and 147.20±6.46; 142.00±3.73;145.00±3.26; 144.48±3.31; 130.00±4.18; 140.00±3.49; 138.68 ±2.93 beats/minutes.The results of biochemical tests: Glucose, ALP, GPT, GOT in control group (zerotime) were: (137.40±1.97 mg/dl; 53.09±2.13 U/L; 51.48±4.31 U/L; 116.9±09.82U/L) respectively. And in treated group at the periods (10, 20, 35, 50, 65, 95 minutesand 24 hours) respectively were 139.60±0.79; 207.60±5.00; 222.20±7.42;359.20;±18.89; 341.60±15.30; 337.7±76.39 and 199.92±9.14 mg/dl; 39.74±2.74;42.55±3.29; 39.65±4.13; 42.48±2.62; 56.56±2.16; 47.41±3.61 and 42.84±4.16 U/L;46.17±3.92 ; 39.34±3.01; 44.69±3.05; 49.98±3.16; 51.65±4.03; 47.22±2.54 and72.63±4.98 U/L, and 94.72±8.24; 86.22±5.59; 90.82±6.89; 76.65±4.12; 82.70±4.69;100.6±7.39 and 126.6±7.77 U/L. The conclusion of this study investigate that thelose of righting reflex was 4.760±0.421 minutes; induction time was 8.44±1.05, thetime to complete muscle relaxation was 3.920±0.321 minutes, surgical time41.48±2.11 minutes, and recovery time was 45.76±2.43 minutes; in which thesurgical period was enough for the most of surgical interference, while the recoveryperiod was smooth and short in comparison with another anaesthetic regimen

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVE STUDY OF THE AgNPs EFFECT ON THE MATERNAL AND EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Post Implantation

 This study was aimed to displayed effect of this nanoparticles on pregnant mother and embryos. All females administration of AgNPs suspension orally during the gestational period (for 21day) in two doses low 2mg and high dose 20 mg /Kg body weight and the control group received D.W only. The pregnant females (60 females) include the control group and the treated group  was subdivided in to two groups, pre and post implantation and all the mothers weighted along the study. The embryos and their brains after retrieved weighted and the crow-rump length (CRL) measurement also. The results showed that the active form of Ag can be transport the placental barrier and blood brain barrier (BBB). This nanoparticles showed adverse effect and produced decreased in mothers weights in low dose 2mg/Kg/ B.Wt and higher dose 20mg/Kg/ B.Wt. Weights of embryos were lower clearly after exposure to AgNPs compare to control group. On the other hand, the weights of embryo's brain were decreased compare of control group in both doses. The CRL of embryos lowered after exposure to AgNPs in treatment groups when compare to control group.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Histopathological Effects on Liver Profile due to Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity of Somina on Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Aisha Azmat ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Limited research studies are reported regarding the toxicological effect of different herbal medicine already used in different countries. Objective: This research study was planned to examine the changes in liver (biochemical and histological) associated with oral administration of somina (acute and sub-acute) in rats. Methodology: Group– I served as control (saline), while other groups (II, III) were daily treated with somina at different doses of 0.285g/kg (group – II), 10g/kg/day (group – III), for 14 (set I), 21 (set II), and 30 (set III) consecutive days.  Each group contains 12 rats. During the study period, signs and behavioral changes, mortality, were observed. At the end of study period, blood sample was drawn directly from heart, for the estimation of liver enzymes: Bilirubin (BIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic pyruvic transferase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), Albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP). The liver was carefully dichotomized, weighed, and further processed for histopathological analysis. Results: Herbal drug somina was claimed to be practically non-toxic as in rats no mortality was recorded after the oral administration of somina (14, 21 and 30 consecutive days). Liver profile showed non-significant changes in treated group- II and III (P > 0.05), as compared to the control (group- I). The histopathological examination did not reveal any deteriorative effect. Conclusion: It was concluded that oral administration of somina did not produce any significant detrimental effects on rat liver (biochemical and histopathological parameters), even at doses of 10g/kg/day indicating its safe use.

Effect of Furosemide on the Clinical Course of Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 908-910
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Wiswell ◽  
James S. Rawlings ◽  
Franklin R. Smith ◽  
Elwin D. Goo
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

The effect of furosemide on the course of transient tachypnea of the newborn was evaluated in a controlled, prospective study. Fifty infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn were randomly assigned to control or treatment groups. Those in the treatment group were given furosemide, 2 mg/kg orally, at the time of diagnosis followed by 1 mg/kg 12 hours later if the symptoms persisted. Infants in the control group received a placebo. Compared with infants in the control group, the furosemide-treated group demonstrated no significant difference in the duration of tachypnea nor in the length of hospitalization. It is concluded that oral furosemide, at the doses used in this study, does not significantly affect the clinical course of transient tachypnea of the newborn.

The Acupuncture Treatment of Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Study

1981 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 326-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph M. Coan ◽  
Grace Wong ◽  
Patricia L. Coan
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
Spine Pain ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
And Control

Thirty patients with cervical spine pain syndromes persisting a mean of 8 years were assigned randomly into equal treatment and control groups. After 12 weeks, 12 of 15 (80%) of the treated group felt improved, some dramatically, with a mean 40% reduction of pain score, 54% reduction of pain pills, 68% reduction of pain hours per day and 32% less limitation of activity. Two of 15 (13%) of the control group reported slight improvement after 12.8 weeks. The control group had a mean 2% worsening of the pain score, 10% reduction in pain pills, no lessening of pain hours and 12% less limitation of activity.

scholarly journals Effects of inhalation and intravenous administration of allogeneic mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cells in a bleomycin-induced model of pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
A. V. Averyanov ◽  
A. G. Konoplyannikov ◽  
F. G. Zabozlaev ◽  
O. V. Danilevskaya ◽  
M. A. Konoplyannikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tgf Β1

Aim:to perform a comparative analysis of the effi cacy of the inhaled and intravenous delivery of equivalent doses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in rabbits according to the standard model of bleomycin pulmonary fi brosis.Materials and methods.After bronchoscopic instillation of bleomycin, 5 rabbits received intravenous transplantation of 2 × 106 allogeneic BMMSCs, other 5 rabbits – 2 × 107 MSCs inhaled via compressor nebulizer; control healthy and bleomycin group included 5 animals each.Results.Both groups treated with BMMSCs had a signifi cantly lower Ashcroft fi brosis index than the bleomycin control group. Expression of collagen in lung tissue in all groups with bleomycin injury was superior to healthy controls, but in animals underwent intravenous BMMSC transplantation collagen score was 0.74 points, and in inhaled treated group – 0.51 points, while in bleomycin controls – 2.1 point. Levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in BAL fl uids tended to decrease in treatment groups, but did not differ signifi cantly from control. A similar picture was observed in the cytological analysis of BAL.Conclusion.In general, both methods of delivering of BMMSCs to the lungs demonstrated similar therapeutic effects in inhibiting the development of experimental fi brosis, indicating that both intravenous and inhalational way of introduction can be used for subsequent clinical studies. 

The sulfur and selenium status of pregnant ewes grazing Mediterranean pastures

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. White ◽  
H. Kumagai ◽  
M. J. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Sulfate Sulfur ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Salt Lick ◽  
Vitamins E And A ◽  
Radical Damage

Sheep require both sulfur and selenium for normal wool growth and to protect against diseases caused by free radical damage. This work describes the seasonal changes in the concentrations of sulfur, both as glutathione and inorganic sulfur, and selenium, in pregnant ewes, and the effects thereon of a multi-element supplement containing sulfate, selenium, and vitamins A and E. Merino ewes (420) were divided into 4 equal treatment groups, control (C), vitamins (V), minerals (M), and vitamins plus minerals (V+M), in a 22 factorial design. The control group was offered a loose salt lick NaCl at 175 g/head· day and the mineral group an equivalent amount of a multi-element mineral mix (Siromin). The vitamin groups were offered either salt or the mineral mix with added vitamins E and A. Treatments started 3 weeks prior to mating in November and lasted until 1 week prior to lambing in May. Sheep were sampled until weaning in September. Regardless of treatment, the concentrations of glutathione in blood and liver declined by 60% and 40%, respectively, when sheep were grazing dry pasture during summer. Sulfate-sulfur concentration in plasma of ewes in the C and V groups declined by 80% in the same period to <10 mg sulfur/L, values indicative of sulfur deficiency. The mineral supplement (M) increased concentrations of plasma sulfate-sulfur at most sample times, but the V+M treatment generally did not. Glutathione concentration in blood and tissues showed little response to supplementary minerals or vitamins. Selenium concentration in blood of ewes was inversely related to the number of years since receiving a selenium pellet. Mean concentration declined to the deflcient range (0·02 mg/L) in spring in C and V ewes. Treatment with the mineral mix raised blood selenium concentrations to 0·060 mg/L within 2 months and maintained concentrations above the deficient range for several months after cessation of treatment. The results provide evidence of an under supply of sulfur during the dry summer period and of a need to administer selenium pellets at least twice in the lifetime of ewes.

scholarly journals Abstracts of Papers Presented at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association of Neuropathologists

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tumor Implant ◽  
Lac Z

In the hope of eventually using replication-competent, neurovirulence-attentuated Herpes simplex type 1 virus in the treatment of brain tumors in humans, we analyzed the effect of such a mutant in human malignant meningioma transplanted into nude mice. Two models were used, one subcutaneous, the other intracranial subdural; nine or ten animals were used in each group. A 1 mm tumor mass was implanted. In the subcutaneous model, after 7 or 12 days, the tumors had reached size of 6 or 10 mm, respectively. At this time either saline or the attenuated, lac Z HSV-1 mutant G207 (5 × 106 PFU/50 μ1) were injected into the tumor; for the 10 mm tumors, the identical dose and 5 × 106 PFU/50 μl were given. Animals were sacrificed up to 28 days later. The ratio of tumor volume between untreated and treated groups was compared by the t-test. For all three treatment groups, tumor growth was markedly inhibited (p < 0.0001). In the intracranial model, either saline or G207 at a dose of 2 × 106 PFU/2 μl was injected into the tumor implant on day 7, with 9 animals in each group. By day 31, all animals in the control group had died; in the treated group, three were still alive at day 66; a significant difference in survival was found (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.01).

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