ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF VEGETABLE MARKET AEROMYCOFLORA FROM THE ENVIRONMENT OF WARDHA CITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
S.N. Kalode ◽  
L. P. Dalal
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Airborne Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Market Area ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Percentage Contribution ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
One Year

Airborne fungi behaves as an indicators of the levels of atmospheric biopollutants. The study was carried out during the period of March 2017- February 2018. The fungi were isolated from the area of vegetable market of Wardha city. The exposed petriplate method were used for the isolation of fungi from morning and evening hours and humidity and temperatures were recorded regularly. Total 835 and 800 fungal colonies were recorded during one-year study period and they were belonging to 95 fungal species. The fungus Cladosporium cladosporoides, C. herbarum, A.niger ,A. flavus, A. nidulans, A.fumigatus was the prevalent isolated types from vegetable market area of Wardha city from morning and evening hours. Maximum percentage contribution of fungal colonies was observed at morning and evening hours during rainy (41.43%), (40.05%) and winter season (39.64%), (41.16%) followed by summer season (18.92%), (18.03) respectively

scholarly journals Roadkill of animals on the road passing from Kalaburagi to Chincholi, Karnataka, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 13868-13874
Author(s):  
Shankerappa Shantveerappa Hatti ◽  
Heena Mubeen
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
The Road ◽  
State Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The road passing from Kalaburagi to Chincholi in Karnataka, India, is around 70km and is a state highway having different types of moderately thick vegetation on either side. The animals utilizing this vegetation face huge threats from vehicular traffic, as was observed in recent years. Although this road does not have heavy traffic, there are significant numbers of roadkills. This study was conducted from February 2015 to January 2016. During the one-year period of the study, the mean frequency of heavy vehicles was 154 per day. Among the 283 roadkills recorded, 52 individuals belonged to the class Amphibia, constituting 18.37% of the total roadkills; no amphibian was killed in the summer season whereas 35 and 17 individuals were killed in the rainy season and in the winter season, respectively. Fifty-two individuals belonged to the class Reptilia, constituting 18.37% of the total roadkills; on an average, 10±5.8 individuals were killed in the summer season, 2.5±0.71 in the rainy season, and 3.5±2.12 in the winter season. Sixty-one individuals belonged to the class Aves, constituting 21.55% of the total roadkills; on an average, 5.71±3.03 individuals were killed in the summer season, 2.66±2.08 in the rainy season, and 4.33±3.51 in the winter season. One-hundred-and-eighteen individuals belonged to the class Mammalia, which was the most affected among the roadkills, constituting 41.69% of the total roadkills; on an average, 5.33±5.08 individuals were killed in the summer season, 5±3.9 in the rainy season, and 4.6±2.7 in the winter season. Under the IUCN Red List category, the majority of the species in this study are considered Least Concern and some of them are not even mentioned. The present study helps to know the problems and threats faced by wild animals and is the first work carried out in the region.

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE AEROMYCOFLORA OF MENTHA ARVENSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. SINGH ◽  
K.L. TIWARI
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Syncephalastrum Racemosum

The survey of aeromycoflora over Mentha arvensis L. plants was carried out at Raipur. During investigation period, a total of 52 fungal species were recorded. Maximum 35 species recorded during winter season and minimum 19 species during summer season. The seasonal variations showed climatic factors influence the occurrence of aeromycoflora. Syncephalastrum racemosum, Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporoides, Curvularia lunata, and Fusarium oxysporum were recorded in all the three seasons of the year. Emericella nidulans and Aspergillus japonicus were recorded during summer and rainy season. Mucor hiemalis f. silvaticus, Rhizopus oryzae, Curvularia clavata, Fusarium equiseti and Penicillium frequentans during rainy and winter season. Mycelia sterilia (White-ii) was recorded during summer and winter season only. Maximum number of fungal species i.e. 35 was recorded during winter season because of the favourable temperature (29.1ºC) and relative humidity (62.1%). Minimum numbers of fungal species i.e. 19 were recorded during summer season due to unfavourable temperature (38.4ºC) and relative humidity (46.1%).

scholarly journals Current Status of Cut Flower Business in Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
DP Gauchan ◽  
Anaya Raj Pokhrel ◽  
Manish Pratap ◽  
Prabesh Lama
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
International Market ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Market Area ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Engineering And Technology ◽  
The Status

In this article an attempt has been made to cover all the aspects of cut flower business including the present scenario, prospects and different factors which need to be improved in order to meet the expected standards. This report offers the information regarding the status of current market, area of production and demands of different cut flowers such as carnation, gerbera, gladiolus and rose in Nepalese market, which facilitates persons to make up their mind to figure out the floriculture business in Nepal. Cut flower business has flourished in Nepal compared to yesteryears, but the development is not sufficient to fulfill the demand of consumers. The production decreases during the winter season in comparison to summer season. This article also includes list of numbers of producers, their position in the market and the situation of consumer. The export and import data of few years has also been illustrated. It gives the brief information regarding annual production of these flowers, present price per stick and its demand in domestic and international market. Key words: Cut flower; gladiolus; carnation; gerbera; rose; floriculture DOI: 10.3126/kuset.v5i1.2849 Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol.5, No.1, January 2009, pp 87-98

PREVALENCE OF PSEUDOINVERTA ORAIENSIS IN FRESH WATER FISH, CLARIAS BATRACHUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ADITYA NARAYAN
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Water Fish

The present investigation deals with the prevalence of infection of cestode, Pseudoinverta oraiensis19 parasitizing Clarias batrachus from Bundelkhand Region (U.P.) India. The studies were recorded from different sampling stations of Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. For this study 360 fresh water fish, Clarias batrachus were examined. The incidence of infection, monsoon season (17.50%) followed by winter season (20.00%) whereas high in summer season (30.00%).

APPLICATION OF SHIFTING ASSAY OF STANDARDIZED INDIRECT AGGLUTINATION (SSIA) FOR DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE AND INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE VIRUSES IN CHICKEN FAECES

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phạm Hồng Sơn ◽  
Phạm Hồng Kỳ ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Lan Hương ◽  
Phạm Thị Hồng Hà
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease Viruses ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

. Using the method of shifting assay of standardized indirect agglutination (SSIA), the prevalence of Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) and infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV) in chickens reared in several districts of Thua Thien Hue province in the Spring-Summer and Fall-Winter seasons was determined. In the Spring-Summer season of 2011, about 22.3% of the chickens were infected with NDV, in which A Luoi  accounted for the highest percentage of 25% of the infected chickens and Huong Thuy  the lowest  of 18.2%. Meanwhile, 36% of the same chickens were infected with IBDV, with the highest percentage (46.66%) also in A Luoi and the lowest (30.3%) also in Huong Thuy. The intensity of NDV infection in the Spring-Summer season in A Luoi and Phu Vang was highest (GMT = 1.45), and in Huong Thuy lowest (GMT = 1.31). In addition, in the Fall-Winter season, about 46% of the chickens were infected with NDV and 46.3% with IBDV in Huong Thuy and Phu Vang – two neighbouring districts of Hue City, in which NDV was detected in 54.4% of the chickens in Huong Thuy and 33.9% in Phu Vang. In contrast, IBDV was detected in 41.9% and 52.7% of the chickens respectively in the two districts. The infection was not inter-dependent. Methodically, although the differences in the infection rates were insignificant with the accuracy of 95%, faecal samples showed higher sensitivity in SSIA analyses for both cases of NDV and IBDV infection in comparision with mouth exudates. By SSIA method, results could be read clearly with unaided eyes for a long time after the performance, and it was also proven applicable for cases of haemagglutinating viruses if proper treatments for depletion of animal RBCs’ surface agglutinins could be applied.

DETERMINATION OF AFTER-RIPENING PERIOD AND HORMONAL RESPONSE OF OROBANCHE SOLMSII C.D. CLARKE SEEDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bista ◽  
G. B. Khattri ◽  
B. D. Acharya ◽  
S. C. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Root Parasite ◽  
One Year

To find out the ability of Orobanche seeds to germinate immediately after seed set, seeds were germinated periodically at an interval of three months for one year in GR24. Some Orobanche seeds were capable of germination immediately after seed set but most required about nine months as after ripening or incubation period to be able to germinate. The phenomenon of after ripening in Orobanche seeds could be taken as an ecological measure to dormant over following unfavorable wet summer season. The growth hormone studies on Orobanche seed germination have shown that GA3 at a concentration of 100 ppm substantially enhanced seed germination when applied during pre-conditioning period. NAA showed some stimulatory effect at 0.5 - 1.0 ppm when applied during post-conditioning period but the hormone if applied during pre-conditioning period inhibited the germination. Kinetin failed to stimulate the germination at all the concentrations tested. Key words: Germination, root-parasite, hormone. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

Incidence and molecular characterization of fungi and yeast isolated from cultured catfish and Nile tilapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Ola Hashem ◽  
Viola Zaki ◽  
Rawia Adawy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Objective: To study the incidence and seasonal dynamics of different fungi affected freshwater fishes in Lake Manzala with molecular identification of the isolated fungi. Animals: 300 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 300 catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Design: Descriptive study. Procedures: Random samples of Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and Clarias gariepinus (C. gariepinus) were collected from Manzala fish farms. Clinical and postmortem examination of fish was applied. Isolation and identification of different fungi were performed by conventional methods. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of isolated fungi was carried out. Results: C. gariepinus had a higher rate of infection with different fungal species than O. niloticus. Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were the most fungal isolated from the examined fishes, followed by Penicillium spp. and Candida albicans. Aspergillus spp were detected in all seasons with a higher rate in summer and spring. A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp. and C.albicans isolates were amplified from both C. gariepinus and O. niloticus at the specified molecular weight using PCR. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Fungal infection affected the fish showing different external and internal lesions, all species of Aspergillus were found in all seasons with a high rate in, hot seasons, summer and spring. The Prevalence of Penicillium and C. albicans were also reported. All fungal isolates were identified on the phenotypic and molecular bases.

scholarly journals Improved strategies to efficiently isolate thermophilic, thermotolerant, and heat-resistant fungi from compost and soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Frederick Witfeld ◽  
Dominik Begerow ◽  
Marco Alexandre Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Heat Shock Treatment ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Culture Dependent ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThermophilic, thermotolerant and heat-resistant fungi developed different physiological traits, enabling them to sustain or even flourish under elevated temperatures, which are life-hostile for most other eukaryotes. With the growing demand of heat-stable molecules in biotechnology and industry, the awareness of heat-adapted fungi as a promising source of respective enzymes and biomolecules is still increasing. The aim of this study was to test two different strategies for the efficient isolation and identification of distinctly heat-adapted fungi from easily accessible substrates and locations. Eight compost piles and ten soil sites were sampled in combination with different culture-dependent approaches to describe suitable strategies for the isolation and selection of thermophilous fungi. Additionally, an approach with a heat-shock treatment, but without elevated temperature incubation led to the isolation of heat-resistant mesophilic species. The cultures were identified based on morphology, DNA barcodes, and microsatellite fingerprinting. In total, 191 obtained isolates were assigned to 31 fungal species, from which half are truly thermophilic or thermotolerant, while the other half are heat-resistant fungi. A numerous amount of heat-adapted fungi was isolated from both compost and soil samples, indicating the suitability of the used approaches and that the richness and availability of those organisms in such environments are substantially high.

scholarly journals First Speleomycological Study on the Occurrence of Psychrophilic and Psychrotolerant Aeromycota in the Brestovská Cave (Western Tatras Mts., Slovakia) and First Reports for Some Species at Underground Sites

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Rafał Ogórek ◽  
Mateusz Speruda ◽  
Justyna Borzęcka ◽  
Agata Piecuch ◽  
Magdalena Cal
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Airborne Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
First Report

Most underground ecosystems are heterotrophic, fungi in these objects are dispersed in the air in the form of spores, and they may be potentially hazardous to mammals. Research in underground sites has focused on mesophilic airborne fungi and only a few concerned cold-adapted species. Therefore, the goal of our research was the first report of psychrophilic and psychrotolerant aeromycota in the Brestovská Cave using culture-based techniques with genetic and phenotypic identification. Plates with PDA medium containing sampled biological material were incubated at 8 ± 0.5 °C. The density of mycobiota inside the cave ranged from 37.4 to 71 CFU 1 m−3 of air and 63.3 CFU 1 m−3 of air outside the cave. Thus, the level of fungal spores did not exceed the standards for the mycological quality of the air. A total of 18 species were isolated during the study, and some species may be potentially dangerous to people with weakened immune system. All fungal species were present inside the cave and only seven of them were outside. Cladosporium cladosporioides dominated in the external air samples and Mortierella parvispora was cultured most frequently from internal air samples. To our knowledge, this is the first discovery of the fungal species such as Coniothyrium pyrinum, Cystobasidium laryngis, Filobasidium wieringae, Leucosporidium drummii, M. parvispora, Mrakia blollopis, Nakazawaea holstii, and Vishniacozyma victoriae in the air inside the underground sites. Moreover, C. pyrinum, C. laryngis, L. drummii, M. blollopis, and N. holstii have never been detected in any component of the underground ecosystems. There are possible reasons explaining the detection of those species, but global warming is the most likely.

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis for Performance of Wind Turbine

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Suaad danok ◽  
Kamal Twfek ◽  
Esraa Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Energy Rate ◽  
Electric System ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Mechanic Energy ◽  
Power And Energy

This research depends on carrying out an applied and numerical analysis for capability to utilize winds turbines which considered as means of renewable and friendly energy to environment, and how to make use of this technology to generate electric energy in Kirkuk city. Where it was studied shifting kinetic energy of winds into mechanic energy and has been accomplishes install a horizontal-turbine in one of work sites in Kirkuk city of (16m) height of the ground level. It has tri-blades of (400W) power. It has been connected to an electric system supply designed and manufacture during the research period. In order to measure the voltage-difference and electric current consequently to measure the power and energy produced from the wind turbine and changed according to the wind speed alteration. Gauge records for two time seasons are taken by using the technology-programming of delicate controller in simultaneous work with meteorological system, so that it can set data-principle to be analyzed by using (MATLAB) program to find and check theoretical generated power compared with practical results and find the range of validity to generate the sufficient energy for domestic consumption. The results shows that summer season is better than winter season in using wind turbine in Kirkuk city. As the monthly energy rate produce during summer season has emerged to ten-time than monthly energy rate produced during winter season.

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