Biologically active substances of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G.Don

The article provides data on a comparative study of the content and component composition of essential oil, the total content of antioxidants and flavonoids of two cultivars and two promising cultivar samples of Italian strawflower ( Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don) grown on the Southern Coast of the Crimea in the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. It has been found that the content of essential oil in the green weight of top of H. italicum varies from 0.1% of the wet weight (‘Crystal’ cultivar) to 0.2 (cultivar No. 5). The main components of ‘VIM’ cultivar essential oil are α-pinene and D-limonene, of ‘Crystal’ cultivar is neril acetate, of the sample No. 5 is α-pinene and rosiforiol, of the sample No. 158 is neryl acetate and γ-turmeric. A significant relative content of β-diketones (38%) in the essential oil of ‘Crystal’ cultivar was noted. The greatest amount of antioxidants (2.59 mg / g (in conversion to quercetin) and flavonoids (0.366%) in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower ‘VIM’ cultivar is contained in the budding phase. The results of chromatographic analysis prove the presence of 4 phenolic substances in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower. UV-spectra of alcohol solutions of the studied raw materials had a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 418 ± 2nm. Quantitative determination of flavonoids by differential spectroscopy calculated as isosalipurposide showed that the content of flavonoids in inflorescences varies from 0.262% to 0.366% depending on a cultivar and a phase of vegetation.

Download Full-text

TO THE QUESTION OF STANDARDIZATION OF THE TARRAGON RAW

VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA ◽

10.18619/2072-9146-2019-2-58-62 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 58-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. N. Bakova ◽

O. M. Shevchuk ◽

L. A. Logvinenko ◽

L. A. Timasheva

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Biologically Active ◽

High Productivity ◽

Type Size ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Technical Specifications ◽

Main Components ◽

Main Component

Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) is a spicy aromatic culture, perspective to use in the food and medical industry. In the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikita Botanical Gardens, tarragon is represented by two varieties: Isumrud and Travnevy. The Isumrud variety is characterized by a high content of essential oil (0.6% of the wet weight) of the methylchavicol chemotype (the main component of the essential oil is methylchavicol, whose mass fraction is up to 91%) and is perspective to use not only as a spice, but also in medicine as a reducing facilities. The variety Travnevy contains only 0.1% of the essential oil from the wet mass of the sabineno-elemicin chemotype (the main components of the essential oil are sabinen (40.0%) and trans-from-iso-elemicin – 26.1%), characterized by high productivity of the aerial mass (12 kg/m2), the main direction of use in the food industry as a spice. Due to the lack of requirements for dry raw tarragon, we have developed a draft technical specifications for dry crushed tarragon raw materials TS 01.28.30-009-01579640-2018. Specifications apply to dried whole and crushed raw materials, intended for the manufacture of water and water-alcohol infusions, as a source of biologically active substances, as a component for seasonings to meat, fish dishes, for use in cooking, as well as in the production of alcohol and soft drinks. The main physicochemical indicators of whole and crushed tarragon raw materials (type, size, smell, taste, mass fraction of essential oil, impurities, moisture, ash) are presented.

Download Full-text

Accumulation of biologically active substances in plants of Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth. grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea

Agrarian Bulletin of the ◽

10.32417/1997-4868-2020-202-11-76-84 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 202 (11) ◽

pp. 76-84

Author(s):

Ol'ga Pehova ◽

Lidiya Timasheva ◽

Irina Danilova ◽

Irina Belova

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Component Composition ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Active Growth ◽

The Crimea ◽

Active Substances

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the quality of Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth. raw materials grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea. In the course of the research, we studied such indicators as the content of essential oil and other types of biologically active substances (BAS), which allow using elsholtzia as an essential oil, food, or medicinal raw materials. Research methods. Determination of the quality of E. stauntonii raw materials was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results. Peculiarities of the accumulation of essential oil in various organs of E. stauntonii were determined. The variability of the mass fraction of essential oil, its component composition and BAS depending on the plant’s growth stage is shown. We found that the main oil-synthesizing organs of E. stauntonii are leaves and inflorescences. The largest amount of essential oil (1.82 %) was obtained from inflorescences. In the fractional composition of raw materials, they amounted to 45.6 %. The maximum amount of essential oil with the dominant components (rosefuran and rosefuran epoxide) accumulated in plants during the phase of mass flowering (1.48 % in terms of absolutely dry weight). The highest content of BAS, namely phenolic compounds, accumulated in the stage of active growth of vegetative and the formation of generative organs of plants (regrowth and bud formation); extractives – in the stage of regrowth. During two years of storage of air-dry raw materials, there is a loss of essential oil as a result of its evaporation (54.0 %) and a change in its component composition (an increase in monoterpene derivatives of furan by 26.6 % and a decrease in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons by 23.5 %). To store air-dry raw materials of E. stauntonii for more than two years is not, however, reasonable because of significant losses of essential oil. Scientific novelty. The quality of raw materials of E. stauntonii variety Rozovoe oblako, which was grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea, was studied for the first time. Raw materials and essential oil of E. stauntonii have a broad spectrum of biological activity and can be used in medicine, as well as in essential oil and food industries.

Download Full-text

ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY OF SEPARATE FRACTIONS OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF ACORUS CALAMUS ROOTS

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2020026659 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 73-78

Author(s):

Irina Dement'yevna Zykova ◽

Aleksandr Alekseyevich Efremov ◽

Liliya Viktorovna Naimushina

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Antiradical Activity ◽

Component Composition ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Acorus Calamus ◽

Siberian Region ◽

Antiradical Properties ◽

Main Components ◽

First Time ◽

Content Of Oxygen

Essential oil from the roots of calamus marsh (Acorus calamus L) was isolated by the method of exhaustive hydroparodistillation, growing on the Krasnoyarsk territory. Separate fractions of essential oil were obtained depending on the duration of isolation. The component composition of the essential oil, the main components of which are acorenone, butyrate α-terpineol, germacrene B, camphor. The antiradical properties of the essential oil of A. сalamus roots growing in the Siberian region, as well as the antiradical properties of its individual fractions were studied for the first time in order to determine the most promising samples as sources of biologically active complexes. To determine the antiradical activity, the reaction of the essential oil components with a stable free 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical was used. The antiradical activity of all studied samples of essential oils was established. There was an increase in antiradical activity with a decrease in the content of monoterpenes in the composition of the essential oil. The lowest antiradical activity (17.5%) was shown by the fraction of essential oil with a high content of monoterpenes, the highest (~100%) – fractions with a high content of oxygen-containing compounds. It was revealed that the ability of components of individual fractions of A. сalamus essential oil to inhibit DPPH radicals is comparable with the antiradical activity of ascorbic acid solutions of equivalent concentration.

Download Full-text

Contents of biologically active substances in the leaves of Myrtus communis L. under the conditions of the south Crimea

Agrarian Bulletin of the ◽

10.32417/1997-4868-2020-192-1-60-68 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 192 (1) ◽

pp. 60-68

Author(s):

L. Logvinenko ◽

E. Dunaevskaya

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Component Composition ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Myrtus Communis ◽

Myrtus Communis L

Abstract. The purpose of the study was to study the effect of various methods of cultivating the variety of common myrtle Yuzhnoberezhny on the change in the content of macro- and microelements in raw materials, to compare the component composition of the essential oil obtained in the long-term and overgrowth form of its cultivation. Myrtus communis L. is a representative of the Mediterranean plant community, which since ancient times has been used for medicinal purposes and as a spicy culture. In the Nikitsky Botanical Garden – the National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a variety of common myrtle South Coast was created. The variety is recommended for industrial cultivation on the territory of the southern coast of Crimea. Methods. The mineral composition of the raw materials was determined by dry ashing of leaves cut in the phase of technological maturity. The content of seven essential elements was determined on the quantum 2MT atomic absorption spectrophotometer: potassium in the emission mode, calcium, magnesium, ferrum, manganese, cuprum and zinc in the absorption mode. The component composition was studied in samples of essential oil on an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph with a 5973N mass spectrograph detector. Results. The maximum yield of medicinal raw materials in these soil and climatic conditions was ensured sprout cultivation, in which the rate of shoot formation increased by 2.6 times, and the yield of leaf, which is the raw material for the essential oil and food industries, increased by 37 %. The method of cultivating myrtle influenced the content of essential elements in the raw materials: the growth of ferrum and zinc was facilitated by the overgrowth form of cultivation, and cuprum and manganese – by many years. The amount of ferrum in the phase of technological maturity of the leaf was 84.37 mg/kg: in leaf-growing leaves 2.67 times more than in raw materials with a long-term form of cultivation. For cuprum, the opposite tendency was obtained – during germination cultivation, its concentration decreased by 2 times. The culture and variety are characterized by a high amount of magnesium and calcium in the leaf mass, regardless of the method of cultivation, up to 3.3 times the daily requirement of a person. Scientific novelty. A distinctive feature of this culture and variety is its high manganese content (20.2 mg/kg) in comparison with other perennial crops growing in this area (Helichrysum, Lavandula, Elsholtzia).

Download Full-text

VARIABILITY OF COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF MELISSA OFFICINALIS L. ESSENTIAL OIL DEPENDING ON THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE REGION OF CULTIVATION

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2020016397 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 257-263

Author(s):

Natal'ya Vladimirovna Nevkrytaya ◽

Vladimir Stepanovich Pashtetskiy ◽

Ilya Aleksandrovich Novikov ◽

Irina Nikolaevna Korotkikh ◽

Ruslan Ramazanovich Tkhaganov

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Component Composition ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Melissa Officinalis ◽

Oil Accumulation ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

The Crimea

The aim of the research was to detect the dependence of content and component composition of Melissa officinalis L. essential oil from climatic peculiarities of the region of cultivation and to specify the optimum conditions for growing high-quality raw materials. We presented the results of the comparative assessment of essential oil component composition (three main elements) obtained from air-dried raw materials of two cultivars Krymchanka and Lada. These Melissa officinalis L. cultivars were grown in three regions that sharply differed in weather conditions. To make the comparison accurate, we determined the component composition of essential oil in the Laboratory of Biochemistry at FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea” using gas chromatograph Kristall 5000.2. The most favorable climatic conditions for essential oil accumulation were in the Foothill zone of the Crimea (moderate rainfalls combined with high air temperatures). Cultivar Krymchanka exceeded cultivar Lada by the amount of essential oil in raw materials. Excess sometimes reached 170%. Dependence of the main components such as citral, β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, germacrene D from the ratio of temperature and precipitation was revealed. After obtaining research results, we could suggest that by controlling the conditions of cultivation of M. officinalis, it is possible to adjust the ratio of the components of essential oil.

Download Full-text

Component composition of essential oil shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian origian

ScienceRise Pharmaceutical Science ◽

10.15587/2519-4852.2021.239335 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 50-58

Author(s):

Olga Khvorost ◽

Irina Posohova ◽

Yuliia Fedchenkova ◽

Kateryna Skrebtsova

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Mass Spectra ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Component Composition ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Laurus Nobilis ◽

Active Substances

The aim of our work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the essential oils of shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian flora and to determine the prospects for their use in pharmacy. Materials and methods. Raw materials for obtaining essential oil (shoots and leaves) of Laurus nobilis L. were harvested in November 2017 in the southern regions of Ukraine. By the method of chromatography-mass spectrometry using an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph, the component composition of 4 samples of essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. raw material was investigated and identified. The composition of the essential oil was identified by comparing the results with the data from the NIsT 02 mass spectra library (more than 174,000 substances). Results. Thus, in the studied series of the essential oil of the shoots, a similarity was observed both in the set of components and in the relative content of a number of individual compounds and compounds of structurally related groups. The content in these samples was dominated by 1,8-cineole (19.63 % of the amount and 12.93 % of the amount, respectively), α-terpinyl acetate (16.22 % of the amount and 16.03 % of the amount, respectively). In contrast to the series of the essential oil of the shoots, the component composition of the essential oil of the leaves of the two series was significantly different. In both studied series, only 3 compounds were identified that are common - these are aromatic compounds methyleugenol, trans-methylisoevgenol, and the sequiterpenoid caryophyllene oxide. Conclusions. Thus, a comparative analysis of the component composition of biologically active substances in the essential oils of shoots and leaves of the Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian harvest showed the prospects for further pharmacognostic research of this plant as a source of medicinal raw materials

Download Full-text

DYNAMICS OF ACCUMULATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS L. PLANTS GROWN IN THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF CRIMEA

TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES ◽

10.33952/2542-0720-2021-4-28-138-148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (28) ◽

pp. 138-148

Author(s):

O.A. Pekhova ◽

◽

L.A. Timasheva ◽

I.L. Danilova ◽

I.V. Belova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Fractional Composition ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Component Composition ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Mass Flowering ◽

Active Substances ◽

Hyssopus Officinalis

Hyssopus officinalis L. is a promising essential oil plant of complex use containing various types of biologically active substances (BAS). The purpose of the research was twofold: study the features of accumulation of various types of BAS in H. officinalis plants grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea; assess the possibility to use them in perfumery, cosmetics, food industry, pharmacy and medicine. The research was conducted in 2017–2019 in the FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”. The raw materials of H. officinalis (population with blue flowers) grown without irrigation served as the research material. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of raw materials and different types of BAS were determined according to generally accepted methods. Structural analysis of H. officinalis showed that the aboveground part of plants during the growing season had the following fractional composition: leaves (21.4–70.6 %), stems (18.8–30.9 %), inflorescences (22.0−59.1 %). The ratio of fractions by phases of vegetation varied, namely: in the phase of regrowth, leaves prevailed – 70.6 % but, at the end of the flowering, their content decreased to 21.4 %; the content of inflorescences reached its maximum in the phases of mass flowering and end of flowering 53.3–59.1 %. The main oil-synthesizing organs of H. officinalis were leaves and inflorescences. The highest yield amount of H. officinalis essential oil was obtained from inflorescences (1.94 %), which in the fractional composition of the raw material amounted to 53.3 %. The maximum amount of essential oil of specific quality accumulated in plants during the phase of mass flowering (1.26 % in terms of absolutely dry weight). The dominant components of essential oil are ketones: isopinocamphone and pinocamphone (75.9–78.6 %). A high level of phenolic compounds was determined in the phases of regrowth and flowering; extractive substances – in the budding phase; tannins – in the phase of mass flowering. During the storage of air-dry raw materials for two years, insignificant losses of essential oil occur (up to 20.2 %); its component composition changes (hydrocarbons amount decreased by 2.5–22.7 %; ketones – increased by 3.4–16.2 %). The content of other types of BAS during storage of raw materials increased by 10–30 %. Therefore, it is advisable to store air-dry raw materials of Hyssopus officinalis for two years or longer.

Download Full-text

COMPOSITION AND CONTENT OF FLAVOINODES OF LEAVES OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L., RELATING IN AZERBAIJAN

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2018033772 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 209-214

Author(s):

Эльдар (El'dar) Новруз (Novruz) Новрузов (Novruzov) ◽

Закир (Zakir) Гусейн (Gusejn) Мамедов (Mamedov) ◽

Латафат (Latafat) Ахад (Аkhad) Мустафаева (Mustafaeva) ◽

Хураман (Khuraman) Миргасан (Mirgasan) Мирюсифова (Miryusifova) ◽

Айдан (Аjdan) Мирза (Mirza) Зейналова (Zeynalova)

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Food Additives ◽

Uv Spectra ◽

Sea Buckthorn ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Hippophae Rhamnoides ◽

Hippophaë Rhamnoides ◽

Hippophae Rhamnoïdes L ◽

Main Components ◽

Promising Source

Seabuckthorn – Hippophae rhamnoides L. is a valuable food, vitamin and medicinal plant, various parts of which are used to treat diseases as a traditional medicine in many countries of the world. All parts of Hippophae rhamnoides L. are a rich source of biologically active substances, especially polyphenolic compounds, carotenoids, phytosterols and others. Extracts obtained from various sea buckthorn organs possess high antioxidant, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antikanserogenic, antiradiation properties. Analysis of leaves of H. rhamnoides on the content of flavonoids showed that they contain from 2.81 to 3.2% flavonoids. Chromatographic spectrophotometric methods were used to study the qualitative composition and content of the leaf flavonoids of male H. rhamnoides. Five individual flavonoids were isolated from the sum of flavonoids, the isolated flavonoids identified as quercetin, mirisetin, isoramnetin, quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin) and isoramnetin-3-rutinoside (narcissine), on the basis of chromatographic data, UV spectra, and acid hydrolyses. Routine and narcissine are the main components of leaves of H. rhamnoides. It has been established that the content of flavonoids is significant, with the main components being biologically active flavonoids such as rutin and narcissine, thus the leaves of the male sea buckthorn are a promising source of raw materials for the production of P vitamins and food additives.

Download Full-text

Influence of agricultural techniques on yield and quality of grapes and wine

POMICULTURE & SMALL FRUITS CULTURE IN RUSSIA ◽

10.31676/2073-4948-2021-67-29-98 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 ◽

pp. 29-41

Author(s):

A. V. Dergunov ◽

A. A. Lukyanova

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Total Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Organoleptic Evaluation ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Phenolic Substances ◽

The Aesthetic

Under the conditions of changing biotic properties of terroir, it is relevant to establish the patterns of influence of different norms of the load of a grape bush in its own rooted and grafted culture on the quality of grapes, as well as the aesthetic and biological value of wine products in Russia. The objects of research were grapes and wine material of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in a grafted and rooted culture with variants of different load of shoots on the bush. The experience of studying the influence of various agrotechnical methods on the productivity of a grape plant and the quality of wine material was laid in the Anapo-Taman climatic zone of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia. The highest yield of the Krasnostop AZOS variety during the years of the study was obtained in the variant of own-rooted grape growing with its load of 36-40 shoots per bush. In our studies, there is a tendency to an increase in sugar content, and a decrease in the titratable acidity of grapes when growing vineyards of the Krasnostop AZOS variety in their own rooted culture. The most optimal ratio of sugar content and titratable acidity in the experiment was possessed by grapes from a variant of own-rooted culture with a load of 36-40 shoots/bush, here the glucoacedometric parameter was 4.36. In the studied variants, the largest amount of phenolic substances was found in wine material from self-rooted grapes with a load of 36-40 shoots per bush — 4130 mg/dm3. This had a positive effect on the organoleptic evaluation of this sample. The maximum total content of substances from a number of biologically active substances was found in wine from grape raw materials obtained from a grafted culture (134.9-147.9 mg/dm3). In 2018-2019, from the organoleptic side, wine materials from grapes of own-rooted culture proved to be of the highest quality. This advantage over the grafted crop was traced in all variants of rationing the load by the shoots of grape bushes.

Download Full-text