scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF STANDARDIZATION OF THE TARRAGON RAW

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Bakova ◽  
O. M. Shevchuk ◽  
L. A. Logvinenko ◽  
L. A. Timasheva
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Type Size ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component

Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) is a spicy aromatic culture, perspective to use in the food and medical industry. In the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikita Botanical Gardens, tarragon is represented by two varieties: Isumrud and Travnevy. The Isumrud variety is characterized by a high content of essential oil (0.6% of the wet weight) of the methylchavicol chemotype (the main component of the essential oil is methylchavicol, whose mass fraction is up to 91%) and is perspective to use not only as a spice, but also in medicine as a reducing facilities. The variety Travnevy contains only 0.1% of the essential oil from the wet mass of the sabineno-elemicin chemotype (the main components of the essential oil are sabinen (40.0%) and trans-from-iso-elemicin – 26.1%), characterized by high productivity of the aerial mass (12 kg/m2), the main direction of use in the food industry as a spice. Due to the lack of requirements for dry raw tarragon, we have developed a draft technical specifications for dry crushed tarragon raw materials TS 01.28.30-009-01579640-2018. Specifications apply to dried whole and crushed raw materials, intended for the manufacture of water and water-alcohol infusions, as a source of biologically active substances, as a component for seasonings to meat, fish dishes, for use in cooking, as well as in the production of alcohol and soft drinks. The main physicochemical indicators of whole and crushed tarragon raw materials (type, size, smell, taste, mass fraction of essential oil, impurities, moisture, ash) are presented.

scholarly journals Biologically active substances of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G.Don

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
O. M. Shevchuk ◽  
S. P. Lukashuk ◽  
S. A. Feskov ◽  
S. L. Adzhiakhmetova ◽  
N. M. Chervonnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Main Components

The article provides data on a comparative study of the content and component composition of essential oil, the total content of antioxidants and flavonoids of two cultivars and two promising cultivar samples of Italian strawflower ( Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don) grown on the Southern Coast of the Crimea in the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. It has been found that the content of essential oil in the green weight of top of H. italicum varies from 0.1% of the wet weight (‘Crystal’ cultivar) to 0.2 (cultivar No. 5). The main components of ‘VIM’ cultivar essential oil are α-pinene and D-limonene, of ‘Crystal’ cultivar is neril acetate, of the sample No. 5 is α-pinene and rosiforiol, of the sample No. 158 is neryl acetate and γ-turmeric. A significant relative content of β-diketones (38%) in the essential oil of ‘Crystal’ cultivar was noted. The greatest amount of antioxidants (2.59 mg / g (in conversion to quercetin) and flavonoids (0.366%) in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower ‘VIM’ cultivar is contained in the budding phase. The results of chromatographic analysis prove the presence of 4 phenolic substances in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower. UV-spectra of alcohol solutions of the studied raw materials had a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 418 ± 2nm. Quantitative determination of flavonoids by differential spectroscopy calculated as isosalipurposide showed that the content of flavonoids in inflorescences varies from 0.262% to 0.366% depending on a cultivar and a phase of vegetation.

scholarly journals Chemotypical diversity of Mentha longifolia L. oil

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
O. M. Shevchuk ◽  
S. A. Feskov ◽  
N. A. Bagrikova ◽  
I. V. Tania
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Mentha Longifolia ◽  
Wet Weight

The article presents data on the content and composition of the essential oil of Mentha longifolia (L.) L. plants growing in natural phytocenoses on the territory of Crimea and Abkhazia. It was found that dry raw materials in two samples from natural phytocenoses of Crimea contain 1.27 and 1.76% of essential oil per wet weight, three samples from phytocenoses of Abkhazia contain less essential oil - 0.68, 0.98 and 1.19 %. About 60 components have been identified. Two new chemotypes were identified for Crimea: carvone-piperitone (mass fraction of carvone is 66.65%, piperitone oxide - 14.37%) and piperitone-sabinene (mass fraction of piperitone oxide - 55.19% and cis-sabinene hydrate - 23.51%), and two for Abkhazia: terpene-caryophyllene (α-terpinyl acetate - 51.48%;  β-caryophyllene - 9.26%), piperitone-non-petalactone (piperitone oxide - 46.29%;  nepetalactone 4aa, 7a, 7aa - 34.85%). These Mentha longifolia chemotypes are promising for use in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical and perfume industries. 

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of the basic economic features of inter-specific hybrides of the genus lavandula

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Yu. S. Khokhlov ◽  
A. E. Paly
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Linalyl Acetate ◽  
Wet Weight

The aim of the work was to obtain comparative data on the main economic characteristics of the four lavandins to identify a hybrid with high quality essential oil. Determination of the chemical composition of essential oil of lavandin interspecific hybrids bred in NBG-NSC, allows to judge the prospects for their use in the perfume industry. Cultivars of lavandin Temp (control), Snezhny Bars and lavandin genetype Brovka, № 53 were selected as the objects of study. Crop accounting was carried out according to the method of field experiments by Dospekhov. The mass fraction of essential oil in plants was determined by hydrodistillation. The composition of the volatiles substances was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Based on the results, the following hybrids were identified: Brovka with a high yield of flower raw materials of 118,8 c / ha, Snezhny Bars with a high linalool content up to 62,5%. Hybrid No.53 was characterized by a high yield of essential oil on a wet weight up to 4,2%, a linalyl acetate content up to 31.1% and a low content of camphor, 1,8-cineole and borneol. It is shown that the essential oil of hybrid No. 53 is promising for use in perfumes.

scholarly journals Behavioral and Antennal Responses of Tribolium confusum to Varronia globosa Essential Oil and Its Main Constituents: Perspective for Their Use as Repellent

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4393
Author(s):  
Cesar Auguste Badji ◽  
Jean Dorland ◽  
Lynda Kheloul ◽  
Dimitri Bréard ◽  
Pascal Richomme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Stored Product Pest ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Electroantennogram Recordings ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Main Component

Essential oils of aromatic plants represent an alternative to classical pest control with synthetic chemicals. They are especially promising for the alternative control of stored product pest insects. Here, we tested behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the stored product pest Tribolium confusum, to the essential oil of a Brazilian indigenous plant, Varronia globosa, collected in the Caatinga ecosystem. We analyzed the essential oil by GC-MS, tested the effects of the entire oil and its major components on the behavior of individual beetles in a four-way olfactometer, and investigated responses to these stimuli in electroantennogram recordings (EAG). We could identify 25 constituents in the essential oil of V. globosa, with anethole, caryophyllene and spathulenole as main components. The oil and its main component anethole had repellent effects already at low doses, whereas caryophyllene had only a repellent effect at a high dose. In addition, the essential oil abolished the attractive effect of the T. confusum aggregation pheromone. EAG recordings revealed dose-dependent responses to the individual components and increasing responses to the blend and even more to the entire oil. Our study reveals the potential of anethole and the essential oil of V. globosa in the management of stored product pests.

scholarly journals Prospects for Using Amaranth and Native Buckwheat in Dry Gluten-Free Mixes for Children with Gluten Intolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-241
Author(s):  
Sergey Urubkov ◽  
Svetlana Khovanskaya ◽  
Stanislav Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Gluten Intolerance ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Main Components

Introduction. Diet therapy is one of the main approaches to the treatment of various diseases of the digestive system. A strict lifetime diet is the main method of treatment for gluten intolerance. However, young patients, who are particularly sensitive to dietary restrictions, often fail to follow the diet due to the limited menu of recommended foods and dishes. The diet for children with gluten intolerance should include a sufficient amount of gluten-free grain-based products. They provide children with carbohydrates, dietary fibers, vegetable proteins, fats, B vitamins, and minerals, e.g. potassium, magnesium, selenium, etc. In this regard, it is urgent to develop new types of specialized gluten-free products to expand the diet both in terms of nutritional value and taste diversity. Study objects and methods. The research is part of a project on the development of dry gluten-free mixes based on buckwheat and amaranth with fruit, vegetable, and berry raw materials. The new formulations are intended for children older than three years of age with gluten intolerance. The research objective was to study the main nutrients in amaranth and buckwheat flours. The study involved the method of infrared spectroscopy using a SpectraStar 2500 analyzer. The data obtained made it possible to calculate the nutritional and energy value of products based on amaranth and buckwheat flours, as well as fruit, vegetable, and berry powders intended for children older than three years of age with gluten intolerance. Results and discussion. Amaranth flour proved to be rich in protein (13.4%), lipids (5.1%), and ash (2.8%). Native buckwheat flour contained 7.5% of protein, 3.6% of lipids, and 1.4% of ash. The carbohydrate content appeared approximately the same in both samples (56–58%). The dry gluten-free mixes can serve as an important source of vegetable protein (up to 9.44 g per 100 g of the finished product), carbohydrates (up to 40.08 g per 100 g of the finished product, and energy (from 158.12 to 221.85 kcal per 100 g of the finished product). Conclusion. The high nutritional and biological value of amaranth and buckwheat flours, as well as fruit, vegetable, and berry powders, confirmed the prospect of using them as the main components for functional foods. Amaranth and buckwheat contain no gluten but are rich in protein, amino acids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, and biologically active elements, which makes them an important source of nutrition for children with gluten intolerance.

OPTIMIZATION OF DOSAGES OF NON-TRADITIONAL RAW MATERIALS IN THE FORMULATION OF PREVENTIVE ORIENTATION BREAD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.И. ПОНОМАРЕВА ◽  
С.И. ЛУКИНА ◽  
А.А. ЖУРАВЛЕВ ◽  
С.М. ПАВЛОВСКАЯ
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Method Of Production ◽  
Statistical Criteria

Исследовано влияние сочетания нетрадиционных видов сырья – жидкого виноградного сахара и куркумы на качество хлеба из пшеничной муки. Проведена оптимизация дозировок этих рецептурных компонентов по выходным параметрам – удельному объему и формоустойчивости готового изделия. Оптимизацию рецептурного состава хлеба проводили с использованием методов математической статистики и дифференциального исчисления. Построены математические модели в виде регрессионных уравнений. Обработку экспериментальных данных выполняли по статистическим критериям Стьюдента, Кохрена и Фишера при доверительной вероятности 0,95. Дана графическая интерпретация регрессионных уравнений. Оптимизацию рецептурного состава хлеба проводили методом свертывания частных критериев в обобщенный аддитивный критерий. Определены оптимальные значения факторов: дозировка, % к массе муки, жидкого виноградного сахара – 2,50, куркумы – 2,75, обеспечивающие получение изделий с наилучшим сочетанием значений удельного объема и формоустойчивости. На основе полученных данных разработана рецептура и способ производства хлеба «Мерита» профилактической направленности (ТУ 9110–515–02068108–2019), характеризующегося улучшенным качеством и повышенной пищевой ценностью за счет дополнительного внесения биологически активных нутриентов. The influence of a combination of non-traditional raw materials – liquid grape sugar and turmeric on the quality of wheat flour bread has been studied. Optimization of the dosages of these prescription components according to the output parameters – specific volume and dimensional stability of the finished product was carried out with using methods of mathematical statistics and differential calculus. Mathematical models in the form of regression equations are constructed. The experimental data were processed according to the statistical criteria of Student, Cochran, and Fisher with a confidence probability of 0,95. Optimization of the formulation composition of bread was carried out by the method of folding partial criteria into a generalized additive criterion. The optimal values of the factors are determined: dosage, % by weight of flour, liquid grape sugar –2,50, turmeric – 2,75, ensuring the production of products with the best combination of specific volume and dimensional stability. On the basis of the obtained data, the formulation and method of production of bread «Merita» of a preventive orientation (Technical specifications 9110–515–02068108–2019) were developed. The product has improved quality and increased nutritional value due to the additional introduction of biologically active nutrients.

RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY FOR PROCESSING MEDICINAL SAGE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. ПЕЛИПЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Process Flow Diagram ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Active Substances

Исследованы потенциальные возможности ресурсосберегающей технологии переработки шалфея лекарственного (ШЛ). Объектом исследования были образцы эфирномасличного сырья – свежеубранные надземные части ШЛ в фазе полного цветения растения и сухие листья ШЛ. Предложенная схема переработки включает следующие стадии: получение эфирного масла; извлечение конкрета из обезэфиренных отходов экстракцией углеводородным растворителем и последующей его отгонкой; получение абсолютного масла и очищенных восков из конкрета отходов; извлечение дитерпеновых соединений экстракцией этиловым спиртом из отходов сырья после обработки гексаном. В результате исследований фракционного состава сырья и особенностей локализации эфирного масла установлено, что массовая доля эфирного масла составляет, % к сухой массе исследуемых фракций: в листьях и соцветиях 2,75, в стеблях 0,31. Рекомендовано введение ограничительных норм по соотношению технически ценной фракции – листьев и соцветий и балластной – стеблей. Полученное из ШЛ эфирное масло имеет высокое содержание туйонов (31,50%), камфоры (21,0%) и 1,8-цинеола (18,80%). Выход дитерпеновых соединений при комплексной переработке эфирномасличного сырья ШЛ на 38,0% ниже, чем из сухих листьев растения. Однако при расчете на сухую массу листьев и соцветий, составляющих 62,3% от массы сырья, показатели отличаются незначительно. Общий выход продуктов, содержащих комплекс биологически активных веществ, составил 15,53 %, что подтверждает целесообразность использования комплексной переработки шалфея лекарственного. The potential of resource-saving technology for processing medicinal sage (MS) has been studied. Samples of essential oil raw materials-freshly harvested aboveground parts of MS in the phase of full flowering of the plant and dry leaves of MS were the object of research. The proposed process flow diagram includes the following stages: obtaining essential oil; recovering a particular from deester waste by extraction with a hydrocarbon solvent and its subsequent distillation; obtaining absolute oil and refined waxes from a specific waste; extraction of diterpene compounds from raw waste after treatment with hexane by extraction with ethyl alcohol. As a result of studies of the fractional composition of raw materials and the features of localization of essential oil, it was found that the mass fraction of essential oil is, % of the dry mass of the studied fractions: 2,75 in leaves and inflorescences, and 0,31 in stems. The introduction of restrictive norms on the ratio of technically valuable fraction – leaves and inflorescences and ballast – stems is recommended. The essential oil obtained from MS has a high content of tuyons (31,50%), camphor (21,0%) and 1,8-cineol (18,80%). The yield of diterpene compounds in the complex processing of essential oil raw materials MS is 38,0% lower than from dry leaves of the plant. However when calculating the dry mass of leaves and inflorescences, which make up 62,3% of the mass of raw materials, the indicators differ slightly. The total yield products containing a complex of biologically active substances amounted to 15,53%, which confirms the feasibility of complex processing of medicinal sage.

scholarly journals The Ursolic Acid-Rich Extract of Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth. with Potent Antidiabetic and Cytotoxic Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sodik Numonov ◽  
Farukh Sharopov ◽  
Muhammad Nasimullah Qureshi ◽  
Latofat Gaforzoda ◽  
Isomiddin Gulmurodov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoids ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Functional Components

Pentacyclic triterpenoids are one of the main functional components in Dracocephalum heterophyllum. In this study the optimal process, the fairly simple and accessible extraction and purification of triterpenoids of D. heterophyllum, was developed by a remaceration method. Remaceration is characterized by minimal loss of biologically active compounds on diffusion, which contributes to the largest depletion of raw materials. The triterpenoid yield was 2.4% under optimal conditions which was enhanced to 98.03% after purification. The triterpenoid profiles and their anticancer and antidiabetic activities were further analyzed. GC-MS analysis of triterpenoidal extract of D. heterophyllum resulted ursolic acid (71.9%) and oleanolic acid (18.1%) as the major components. Additionally, total purified triterpenoid contents of D. heterophyllum and its main components were shown to possess significant cytotoxic activity against three human breast cancer cell lines (SK-Br-3, T47D, and MCF-7). The purification of triterpenoids influenced their biological activity. The antidiabetic effect, as measured by inhibition of protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP-1B), of the purified fraction of triterpenoids of D. heterophyllum increased by five-fold against the enzyme. The results provide important guidance for the industrial application of D. heterophyllum confirming the prospect of developing plant extracts into effective drugs and health foods for human applications.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and biochemical value of Brassica L. cabbage plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Аrtemieva ◽  
A. Е. Solovieva
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Ornamental Crops

Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) is one of the most important metasperms. Kale Brassica includes economically important vegetable, forage, oil-bearing, ornamental crops and it is widespread in the world. This is explained by variety of food organs, high yield, environmental plasticity, different ways of food use and valuable biochemical composition. One of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of vegetables is seen as increasing the number of cultivated vegetables and their varietal diversity. The authors speak about necessity to breed new varieties and hybrids of cabbage crops, not represented in the state register, as well as missing types of varieties in order to expand the range of vegetables. The paper points out that cultivation in the Asian part of Russia requires the varieties and hybrids of all cabbage crops that combine high productivity and complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, eco-friendly, high-quality, with a different period of vegetation, including for horticultural use. The authors focus on increasing the nutritional value of vegetables and higher number of biologically active matters for making functional products. It is important and necessary to search within each cabbage for forms that combine productivity, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors when being grown in different environmental and geographical areas with a valuable biochemical composition. This allows to use efficiently cultivated and recommended for cultivation in the Asian part of Russia types and forms of Brassica L. vegetables. It is necessary for dietetic nutrition and raw materials in medical industry. All varieties of cabbage plants are supposed to be significant and reliable basis for improving population health and life expectancy taking into account existing environmental problems in the regions of Asian Russia.

scholarly journals ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY OF SEPARATE FRACTIONS OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF ACORUS CALAMUS ROOTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Irina Dement'yevna Zykova ◽  
Aleksandr Alekseyevich Efremov ◽  
Liliya Viktorovna Naimushina
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Siberian Region ◽  
Antiradical Properties ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time ◽  
Content Of Oxygen

Essential oil from the roots of calamus marsh (Acorus calamus L) was isolated by the method of exhaustive hydroparodistillation, growing on the Krasnoyarsk territory. Separate fractions of essential oil were obtained depending on the duration of isolation. The component composition of the essential oil, the main components of which are acorenone, butyrate α-terpineol, germacrene B, camphor. The antiradical properties of the essential oil of A. сalamus roots growing in the Siberian region, as well as the antiradical properties of its individual fractions were studied for the first time in order to determine the most promising samples as sources of biologically active complexes. To determine the antiradical activity, the reaction of the essential oil components with a stable free 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical was used. The antiradical activity of all studied samples of essential oils was established. There was an increase in antiradical activity with a decrease in the content of monoterpenes in the composition of the essential oil. The lowest antiradical activity (17.5%) was shown by the fraction of essential oil with a high content of monoterpenes, the highest (~100%) – fractions with a high content of oxygen-containing compounds. It was revealed that the ability of components of individual fractions of A. сalamus essential oil to inhibit DPPH radicals is comparable with the antiradical activity of ascorbic acid solutions of equivalent concentration.

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