Diabetic Retinopathy and Occurrence of Glaucoma in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Patna Medical College Hospital, Patna, Bihar

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the common causes of Chronic Kidney Disease which usually leads to end-stage kidney disease. Thus this study was planned to nd out the outcome of CKD in DM, disease progression, appropriate management and the complications. Methods: A cross sectional study among Diabetes Mellitus patients with Chronic Kidney Disease attending the Department of Nephrology and Department of Medicine in Thanjavur Medical College Hospital during the period of July and August 2018. The duration of study period was 2 months. All patients who attended the outpatient department (OPD) and in-patients departments with Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus associated with chronic kidney disease, on any line of management were included in this study. A total of 101 patients were included. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS for Windows V20) was used for data analysis. Results: Poor glycemic control, albuminuria, hypertriglyceridemia (greater than 150), increase in LDLlevels (greater than 100), BMI (greater than or equal to 25), poor BP control and a longer duration of diabetes mellitus had a strong positive correlation with decrease in eGFR less than 60 ml/min. Glycemic control, weight reduction and adequate BPcontrol retard the progression of CKD. Conclusion: Albuminuria and decline in eGFR both are independent risk factors for diabetic CKD and are strong predictors of morbidity and mortality from a major vascular event, especially cardiovascular complications and stroke.

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Awareness about diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20173564 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 3570

Author(s):

Neeti R. Sheth ◽

Nabilah A. Sareshwala ◽

Sushil G. Chaudhary ◽

Hiren D. Matai

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Good Control ◽

Poor Control ◽

Medical College ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Detailed Search ◽

Age Range ◽

Poor Practice

Background: Awareness about diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods: 50 patients of diabetes mellitus attending Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, were randomly selected during January 2017 to March 2017. 11-point questionnaire obtained on detailed search of literature on published reports were administered by interviewers well versed in English and Gujarati.Results: Total of 50 patients were randomly selected.42%- females and 58% - males. Mean age - 58.5 years. Age range 40 to 71 years. Patients with good sugar control -26% and poor control - 74%. 94% of the patients were taking treatment for DM and 6% were not on any treatment. 48 % of the patients were illiterate, 10% were graduate and 42% had education below 12th standard. 50% were aware about DM affecting the eye .38% had taken eye treatment and 62% had not. 26% were aware of DM affecting eye inspite of good control and 26 % aware of the need of check-up in poor control. 40% aware of the complications related to DM.Conclusions: Better literacy rates is contributory to public awareness, however trend for poor practice needs to be radically changed with aggressive public motivation emphasizing the necessity of screening and follow ups.

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Multimorbidity Patterns Among Hospitalized Geriatric Patients in Medicine Wards of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jninb.v7i1.54754 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 56-59

Author(s):

Sumiya Bent Kalam ◽

Sadia Islam ◽

Mohammad Abdullah Az Zubayer Khan ◽

Tanjina Akhter

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Care Hospital ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical College

Background: Elderly people are posing a significant health burden in our country for their multi morbidity as economic growth has increased our life expectancy. Pattern of multi morbidity of this older people varies according to geography, ethnicity, culture and life style. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and pattern of multi morbidity of elderly patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital. Method: 50 random cases of elderly patients aged more than 60 years admitted in medicine and allied wards of Dhaka medical college hospital were observed at this cross-sectional study from January 2017 to June 2017(total 6 months period). Data were reviewed and analyzed using simple frequency and percentage. Protocol was reviewed by institutional ethical board (IRB) of Dhaka medical college hospital. Result: A total number of 50 elderly patients with age ranging from 60 to 95 years were observed with male and female ratio 1.3:1 having multi morbidity among 92.0% patients and female is more affected than male. Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and stroke were found most common diseases as individual. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus was found as the most common multi morbidity pattern followed by hypertension and IHD, stroke & diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: This study sheds light on priority needs of elderly patients in terms of medical facility in tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2021, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 56-59

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Diabetic Retenopathy Management - A Case Study

10.47363/jorrr/2021(2)113 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Gouri Sakre ◽

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

College Hospital ◽

Hard Exudates ◽

Medical College ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

The Right

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes, caused by high blood sugar levels damaging Retina. It usually takes several years for diabetic retinopathy to reach a stage where it could threaten the sight, if left undiagnosed and untreated. Starting with only a mild vision problem, retinopathy usually appears five years after a type 1 diabetes diagnosis. But it may already be present when type 2 diabetes is diagnosed. We present one such case in a lady of 38 years old, tailor by profession, diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes since 2019, suspected to have had proliferative diabetic retinopathy in January 2020, reported at a Medical College Hospital on 15th December 2020 with periorbital headache for fifteen days. Fundal examination revealed hard exudates and Neo vascularization in both eyes. She was advised Photocoagulation but after her blood sugar was controlled. In the meantime, she was advised to use Nepafenac eye suspension four times daily for pain and redness of the right eye. Investigations had revealed her RBS was 392mg/dl, for which a general physician (internal medicine) was consulted who put her Tab. Metformin 500mg 1-1-1 B/F, Tab. Teneligliptin 20mg 0-1-0 A/F. Unfortunately, 2 months of follow up and diabetes management did not allow her to be taken up for photocoagulation. The institution was firm on their decision to plan her laser photocoagulation for both eyes only when the blood sugar levels come to a range of 140 to 160mg/dl. On 26th March 2021, she was rushed to the Medical College hospital as she complained of loss of vision in the Right eye. The fundus examination revealed multiple dot and blot hemorrhages in both eyes, bleed in oculus dexter and oculus sinister, hard exudates in the right eye that needed Vitreoretinal surgery. Since the Medical College Hospital did not have the Vitreoretinal surgery facility, she was taken to a private dedicated eye hospital, where she underwent laser photocoagulation of left eye on 12/04/21 followed by Vitrectomy of right eye for proliferative diabetic retinopathy on 24th April 2021. There were no postoperative hemorrhages until three days or any other complications after surgery. Now she can recognize some shapes with her right eye by closing left eye.

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Effectiveness of Educative Session on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice, on Diabetes and Dyslipidemia, of Patients Attending a Private Medical College Hospital in South-India

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/2318 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 2199-2204

Author(s):

Vasanthan M Vasanthan M ◽

Vinodhini V. M ◽

Kasthuri N

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Community Support ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

South Indian Population ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Introduction Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are non-communicable diseases that can be prevented and controlled by maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in patients will provide information of much importance in Advocacy (to set guidelines by the Healthcare providers), Communication (increase awareness in subpopulation), and Social mobilization (improve services and expand community support). The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educative session on Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in patients attending a private medical college hospital on diabetes and dyslipidemia in the South-Indian population. Methodology The study was cross-sectional which included 100 patients (41 female and 59 male) of 18-50 years of age attending the hospital and the Central clinical laboratory for various disease conditions. A self-administered questionnaire on personal aspects and diabetes and dyslipidemia was collected. Result Among the study participants, 18% completed school education, 74% completed under-graduation, and 8% completed post-graduation. The frequency of livelihood showed 84% from rural and 16% from an urban background. Nearly 71% were active and 29% were sedentary performing self-activity. The source of information regarding the treatment of patients was also obtained from the patients to implement the same in advocacy. The knowledge of the study group on various aspects including the causes, symptoms, tests, complications of diabetes mellitus, lipid profile, dietary fiber, and exercises was analyzed. We found clarity of explanation about diabetes improved well after the educative session. Around 80% of responders believed that both fiber and routine exercises would contribute to preventing diabetes. Analysis of the attitude and practice revealed a significant knowledge of practicing proper diet, exercises, and routine health care after the educative session. Conclusion We conclude that healthcare providers shall focus on educating the patients according to their needs with the knowledge to have positive attitudes on healthy lifestyle practices in addition to the appropriate treatment.

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Prevalence, clinical presentation and complications of diabetes mellitus in obstetric patients attending a medical college hospital

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174057 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 4028

Author(s):

Prajakta Ganesh Joshi ◽

Ganesh Arun Joshi

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Obstetric Care ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Dietary Advice ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Medical Disorders ◽

Obstetric Management ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) may be present in the patient before the conception or it may appear during pregnancy. Obstetric management shall ensure prevention of diabetic embryopathy and early detection and management of diabetic complications in pregnancy.Methods: A descriptive observational study was undertaken on participants from a Medical College Hospital. The pre-existing medical disorders, blood sugar, routine antenatal investigations, type of delivery, ultrasound findings, complications of delivery, foetal outcome etc. were recorded. The participants were advised diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy. The intranatal and postnatal events were recorded. The results were compared with related literature.Results: The study had total 89 participants. Five participants (5.6%) had abnormal blood sugar values. Out of these, 2 participants were having pregestational DM and 3 were having gestational DM. Although all the participants who had abnormal blood sugar levels required caesarean section, two could not be operated. One participant with gestational DM who did not follow management advice delivered a macerated still born baby after shoulder dystocia. Another participant having gestational DM, who complied strictly as per dietary advice and exercise, could be managed well without insulin and delivered a healthy baby. The requirement of insulin increased in pregnancy in patients with pregestational diabetes.Conclusions: It is essential to ensure compliance on all three pillars of management of diabetes viz. diet, exercise and insulin during pregnancy. Hence health education for diabetes with special emphasis on obstetric care in pregnancy with diabetes should be promoted.

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Serum magnesium and copper levels in Bangladeshi women with gestational diabetes mellitus

IMC Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/imcjms.v11i1.31935 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 25-28

Author(s):

Farzana Akonjee Mishu ◽

MA Muttalib

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Third Trimester ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College

Background and objectives: Alteration of magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) concentrations in blood has been observed in normal pregnancy as well as in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present study was aimed to evaluate the serum Mg and Cu levels in Bangladeshi women with GDM in their second and third trimester of pregnancy.Methods: The study was conducted at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. Pregnant women, in their second and third trimester, attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Endocrinology of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital were enrolled by purposive sampling technique. GDM was diagnosed on the basis of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as defined in WHO criteria 2013. Blood glucose was estimated by enzymatic GOD-PAP colorimetric method. The cut off value for fasting plasma glucose level was ?6.1 mmol/L or ?7.8 mmol/L 2 hours after glucose load. Serum Cu was estimated by 3, 5-DiBr-PAESA method and Mg by Xylidyl Blue-I Method as per manufacturers instruction.Results: A total of 172 pregnant women in their second and third trimester were enrolled. Out of 172 participants, 86 had GDM and 86 were normoglycemic (control). The mean age of GDM and control groups was 28.6±3.2 years and 27.3±3.1 years respectively. The BMI was 26.4±1.5 m/kg2 and 26.3±1.3 m/kg2. Serum Mg level was significantly low (p< 0.001) in 2nd and 3rd trimesters in GDM cases (1.39±0.26 mg/dl and 0.93±0.15 mg/dl) compared to control group (1.67±0.3 mg/dl and 1.67±0.31mg/dl). On the contrary, serum Cu levels in GDM cases were significantly (p<0.002) higher in both trimesters (224±333.8 ?g/dl and 243.91±6.89 ?g/dl) compared to those without GDM (220.1±7.6 ?g/dl and 234.9±4.6 ?g/dl). There was significant (p<0.001) increase of serum Cu levels in 3rd trimester compared to 2nd trimester in both GDM and non GDM cases.Conclusion: There was distinct alteration of serum Mg and Cu levels in GDM compared to normal pregnancy.IMC J Med Sci 2017; 11(1): 25-28

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Lifestyle Pattern and Knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus

Medicine Today ◽

10.3329/medtoday.v31i2.41961 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 102-104

Author(s):

Kartick Chanda Shaha ◽

Shima Akhter Khatun ◽

Nafisa Mustafa ◽

Farzana Ahmed ◽

Mohammed Asaduzzaman Khan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

High Rate ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Adherence To Diet

Introduction:The aim of the present study was to assess the pattern of lifestyle and knowledge about diabetes mellitus among type 2 diabetic patients at two tertiary level hospitals in Mymensingh Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted from July 2015 to December 2015 among 300 patients attending at Medicine outpatient department of the Community Based Medical College Hospital and Endocrine outpatient department of the Mymensingh Medical College Hospital after obtaining requisite consent from the patients. Data were collected through the interviewing of the patients. The collected data were entered into the computer and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.1. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee. Results: In a pool of 300 type 2 diabetics, Most of the patients (57.3%) belonged to the middle age group 41-60 years. More than half of the respondents were female (n=223, 74.3%). 97% patients were found to have knowledge about timing of dose regimen. Majority of patient’s (35.7%) knowledge about hypoglycemia was poor. The rate of adherence to diet was 51%. The rate of adherence to exercise was 68.3%. Conclusion: Majority of type 2 DM patients displayed optimal level of diabetes knowledge. There was a high rate of non adherence to diet and exercise recommendations by patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. So continuous patient education and awareness program are required. Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(2): 102-104

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