Pengkajian Praktek Swamedikasi Pada Salah Satu Apotek di Kota Padang, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Endang Agustina ◽  
Yelly Oktavia Sari ◽  
Dita Permatasari ◽  
Dedy Almasdy
Keyword(s):  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Chi Square

Kajian terhadap praktek swamedikasi pada pasien telah dilakukan pada salah satu apotek kota Padang. Penelitian ini berupa kajian deskriptif menggunakan metoda wawancara terarah sebagai sumber data. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik sosiodemografi pasien meliputi jenis kelamin, umur pendidikan dan pekerjaan, mengetahui pola pasien swamedikasi di apotek dan mengetahui hubungan Drug Related Problems (DRP) dengan karakteristik sosiodemografi pasien swamedikasi di apotek. Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa analisis univariat untuk gambaran distribusi frekuensi dari setiap variabel yang diteliti dan analisis bivariat dengan Uji Chi square untuk melihat hubungan antara kedua variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi frekuensi tertinggi pada karakteristik jenis kelamin pasien yakni perempuan (64,8%), rentang umur 17-25 tahun (24,8%), pendidikan SMA/sederajat (37,1%) dan pekerjaan swasta (37,1%). Untuk kajian hubungan antara kedua variabel maka diperoleh hubungan yang signifikan (p<0.05) antara jenis kelamin dengan munculnya kejadian DRP.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ERYTHROPOIETIN DOSE PHASE OF CORRECTION AS DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS TO TARGET LEVEL OF HEMOGLOBIN IN REGULAR HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Luthvia Luthvia ◽  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Syafrizal Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Test Sample ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
T Test ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Registration Form ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Paired T Test

Objectives: This research aims to know the effect of drug-related problems (DRPs)-related doses against the target hemoglobin levels in hemodialysis (HD) patients in the regular phase of the correction given the therapy of erythropoietin on H. Adam Malik Medan.Methods: This research was by the cross-sectional, prospective method, using DRP - Registration Form V7.0 (PCNE) against 50 patients. The data were analyzed statistically using Chi-square test, paired t-test sample, and independent t-test, SPSS version 17.Results: The target hemoglobin not reaching 30 patients (60%), the level of hemoglobin target exceeded target 1 of the patients (2%). Based on the results of the test t, the value of p=0.038<0.05, then there is a difference in the level of hemoglobin after providing significant erythropoietin therapy between doses and less excess. Test the level of hemoglobin of erythropoietin therapy before and after using a test sample. Paired t-test based on the results, obtained significant value is 0.05, then 0.015< increased hemoglobin level after statistics are given significant therapy of erythropoietin.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of DRPs related to excessive dosage; less dose to target hemoglobin level with significant value, so DRPs-associated dose affect the target hemoglobin level. 

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEPATUHAN TERHADAP EFEK TERAPI PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI POLI RAWAT JALAN RSUD dr.R.SOETRASNO REMBANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Heni Setyoningsih ◽  
Farika Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Scale 8

Hipertensi merupakan kondisi yang memerlukan perawatan primer karena hipertensi menjadi faktor pemicu terjadinya infark miokard, stroke, gagal ginjal akut dan dapat menyebabkan kematian jika tidak segera ditangani dengan tepat. Pasien dengan diagnosis hipertensi memerlukan kombinasi obat antihipertensi untuk mencapai target tekanah darah seperti Angiotensin Converting Enzym Inhibitor (ACEI), Angiotensin Reseptor Blocker (ARB), Calcium Channel Bloker (CCB), dan diuretik sehingga pasien harus minum lebih dari 2 macam obat (polifarmasi) hal ini merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab pasien cenderung tidak patuh dalam minum obat. Kepatuhan merupakan salah satu  Drug Related Problems (DRPs) yang paling sering terjadi sehingga mengakibatkan kegagalan efek terapi. Kepatuhan minum obat bagi pasien penyakit kronis seperti hipertensi sangat penting karena dengan minum obat secara teratur dapat mengkontrol tekanan darah pasien, mengurangi resiko kerusakan organ akibat peningkatan tekanan darah dan munculnya penyakit komplikasi yang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepatuhan pasien hipertensi serta hubungan antara tingkat kepatuhan minum obat terhadap efek terapi di RSUD dr.R. Soetrasno Rembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif cross sectional. Data diperoleh dari rekam medik pasien meliputi data demografi pasien, data pengobatan pasien dan kepatuhan berdasarkan kuisioner MMAS-8(Morisky Medication Adherance Scale-8 ). Hasil yang diperoleh selanjutnya diolah menggunakan Chi square test SPSS.16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien yang mengalami interaksi obat dengan obat sebanyak 75,6%. Pasien yang termasuk kategori tidak patuh 34,1%, patuh rendah 34,1%, patuh sedang 21,9% dan patuh tinggi 9,9%. Berdasarkan hasil statistik di peroleh hasil P = 0.021 (P ? 0.05) maka dapat di simpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kepatuhan minum obat dengan pencapaian efek terapi yang di harapkan.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Drug-Related Problems dan Lama Rawat Inap pada Pasien dengan Diabetes Tipe 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Surya Yuli Astuti ◽  
Mawardi Ihsan ◽  
Fita Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Drug-Related Problems have been associated to blood glucose control along with the morbidity and mortality of type 2 diabetes patients through previous studies. However, studies that associate Length of Stay (LOS) with DRPs in type 2 diabetes patients have not been done. The study that had been done was to associate between LOS and Medication Errors (ME). Medication errors include DRPs because other researchers state that errors are also kind of problem. This study was aimed to identify Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) and to associate between DRPs and LOS in type 2 diabetes patients who were hospitalized. This study was a prospective observation study with a cross-sectional design. Sample collection was carried out by consecutive sampling method in type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized in internal medicine ward in one academic hospital in Yogyakarta. Data analysis was done descriptively to see DRPs description and the association between DRPs and LOS was analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test whenever Chi-square test conditions were not met. Data collection was carried out in January till April 2018. The results showed that the DRPs in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients were 80.56% with unnecessary drug therapy occurring at 34.72%; dosage too low of 25%; needs additional drug therapy 13.38%; dosage too high 12.5%; ineffective drug 11.11%; and there was no association seen between DRPs and LOS.

scholarly journals Hubungan Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Obat Antidiabetika terhadap Ketercapaian Kendali Glikemik pada Pasien Rawat Inap Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Komplikasi Nyeri Neuropati

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggraini Citra Ryshang Bathari ◽  
Fita Rahmawati ◽  
Ika Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Drug Related Problems (DRPs) associated with Type-2 Diabetes Melitus is commonly caused by multi drug prescription since Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus has comorbid dan complication diseases. Neuropathic pain has 50% prevalence of Type-2 diabetes Mellitus Complication. DRPs can cause can cause inadequate therapy that might be the risk factor leads to neuropathic pain. This study was aimed to investigate the association between drug related problems of antidiabetic medication with glicemic control of hospitalized type 2 diabetes melitus with neuropathic pain patients. Cohort-study is used in this study. 50 patients were conducted in this study that underwent Hospital treatment at Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada during the periods of 2018-2019. This study involved 50 patients who were divided into groups that experienced DRPs by 36 patients and non DRPs by 14 patients. All of the 50 has meet the inclusions criterias. Statistical analysis was using Chi-square test 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05). A number of 38 DRPs have found consists of 26,3% need more therapy, 55,2% with wrong drug therapy, 18,4% inadequate dosing. There was an association between DRPs of antidiabetics regiments and glycemic target on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with neuropathic pain complication (p=0,005). Identification of DRPs is needed to prevent the negative effect of patient therapy outcomes.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES IN THE GENERAL MEDICINE UNITS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mannu Meria Wincent ◽  
D. Potrilingam ◽  
Anagha V. ◽  
Sajith Chacko Jacob ◽  
Andhuvan G.
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Dose Selection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Drug Choice ◽  
Hospital Stays

Objective: Patients with chronic diseases are more prone to develop drug-related problems (DRPs), which can further worsen their quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine factors and medications associated with DRPs in patients with chronic disease.Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted for a duration of 6 mo in the in-patients of general medicine department of PSG Hospital, Coimbatore. DRPs were identified, assessed and recorded as per pharmaceutical care network Europe (PCNE) V5.01 criteria. Chi-square and correlation test were used to analyze the data for identifying factors associated with DRPs.Results: A total of 137 patients were enrolled for the study, of which 66 patients developed DRPs. The most prevalent DRP was found to be drug choice problem. The major causes of DRPs were found to be drug and dose selection. Antidiabetic drugs were found to be more associated with drug-related problems. The incidence of drug-related problems was high in patients aged between 50 to 59 y. Association between gender, length of hospital stays and polypharmacy with DRPs was found to be statistically significant. 58.33% of the total drug-related problems were completely solved and 19.05% were partially solved.Conclusion: The incidence of DRPs in the General Medicine department of the hospital was high. The use of an appropriate tool such as PCNE may assist pharmacists and other healthcare professionals to systematically identify, categorize and report drug-related problems.

scholarly journals KAJIAN DRUG RELATED PROBLEMs PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN PEDIATRIK DI RSUD KOTA SEMARANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Willi Wahyu Timur ◽  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Fita Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Chi Square

Drug Related Problems (DRPs) merupakan masalah yang berhubungan dengan obat yang banyak terjadi di pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil kejadian DRPs, profil antibiotik yang mengalami DRPs, dan hubungan antara Drug Related Problems penggunaan antibiotik dengan luaran terapi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan retrospective cohort study. Subyek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 128 pasien, dimana terdapat 78 kejadian drug related problems pada 64 pasien dengan rincian sebagai berikut; indikasi tanpa obat 0 kejadian, obat tanpa indikasi yang sesuai 5 kejadian (6,41%), pemberian obat tidak tepat 1 kejadian (1,28%), dosis kurang 17 kejadian (21,79%), dosis lebih 7 kejadian (8,97%), adverse drug reaction 14 kejadian (17,95%), interaksi obat 33 kejadian (42,32%), dan kegagalan menerima obat 1 kejadian (1,28%). Terdapat dua antibiotik yang paling banyak mengalami DRPs, yaitu ceftriaxon dan cefotaxim. Pada uji Chi square didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara jumlah kejadian DRPs terhadap luaran terapi dan lama waktu rawat inap (p>0,05).

Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016-2026
Author(s):  
Tamara R. Almeida ◽  
Clayton H. Rocha ◽  
Camila M. Rabelo ◽  
Raquel F. Gomes ◽  
Ivone F. Neves-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Real ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
Audio System

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs. After 1 year, 30 subjects answered questions about their usage habits. For the statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's post hoc test, Lin and Spearman coefficients, the chi-square test, and logistic regression were used. Results Most subjects listened to music every day, usually in noisy environments. Sixty percent of the subjects reported hearing symptoms after using a PAS. Substantial variability in the equivalent music listening level (Leq) was noted ( M = 84.7 dBA; min = 65.1 dBA, max = 97.5 dBA). A significant difference was found only in the 4-kHz band when comparing the real-ear and manikin techniques. Based on the Leq, 38% of the individuals exceeded the maximum daily time allowance. Comparison of the subjects according to the maximum allowed daily exposure time revealed a higher number of hearing complaints from people with greater exposure. After 1 year, 43% of the subjects reduced their usage time, and 70% reduced the volume. A volume not exceeding 80% was recommended, and at this volume, the maximum usage time should be 160 min. Conclusions The habit of listening to music at high intensities on a daily basis seems to cause hearing symptoms, even in individuals with normal hearing. The real-ear and manikin techniques produced similar results. Providing instructions on this topic combined with measuring PAS SPLs may be an appropriate strategy for raising the awareness of people who are at risk. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12431435

Suicide Risk Among College Student

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shadick ◽  
Faedra Backus Dagirmanjian ◽  
Baptiste Barbot
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Students Of Color ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
First Year College ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
First Year College Students

Abstract. Background: Research on young adults in the general population has identified a relationship between sexual minority identification and risk for suicide. Differential rates of suicidal ideation and attempts have also been found across racial and ethnic groups. Aims: This study examined risk for suicide among university students, based on membership in one or more marginalized groups (sexual minority and racial minority identification). Method: Data were collected from first-year college students (N = 4,345) at an urban university. Structural equation modeling was employed to model a suicidality construct, based on which a "risk for suicide" category system was derived. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were then conducted to estimate the relationship between the background variables of interest and suicide risk. Results: Students who identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) were associated with higher suicide risk than their heterosexual peers. Students of color were slightly less at risk than their heterosexual peers. However, LGB students of color were associated with elevated suicide risk relative to heterosexual peers. Conclusion: Results indicate that belonging to multiple marginalized groups may increase one's risk for suicide, though these effects are not simply additive. Findings highlight the complexity of the intersection between marginalized identities and suicidality.

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