scholarly journals The effect of concentrated feed supplementation regimes on the nutrients digestibility of grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus) fed Pennisetum purpureum as basal Feed.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gboshe ◽  
Ebiloma Osarenakhue
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Thryonomys Swinderianus ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

The study was designed to determine the effect of concentrated feed regimes on nutrients digestibility of grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus) fed Pennisetum purpureum as basal feed. A total of fifty grower Grasscutters were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups of 10 Grasscutters each with 5 replicates, two animals serving as a replicate. Treatment was 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 for 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9%, respectively, of concentrated feed served at their weekly live weight. Parameters measured included apparent coefficient of digestibility and percentage digestible nutrients. The results obtained showed that the coefficient of digestibility showed a significant difference in all the nutrients evaluated. Percentage digestible nutrients and total digestible nutrients were also significantly affected. The high coefficient of digestibility of the various nutrients and total digestible nutrients are indications that adequate nutrients were available for growth and maintenance of the grasscutters. The findings of this study suggested that supplementation of forage with formulated concentrate can be an aid in the digestion of nutrients by grasscutters for their growth performance while in captivity. The digestibility of nutrients when concentrate supplement and elephant grass were combined, particularly 5% concentrate supplement was not affected. Based on the results, it was, therefore, recommended that it should be used in improving the growth performance of grasscutters.

Influence of Dietary Substitution of Palm Oil by Rapeseed Oil at Different Levels on Growth Performance and Economics of Broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudharsan ◽  
S. Senthil Murugan ◽  
Biju Chacko ◽  
Sanis Juliet ◽  
Suresh N. Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poultry Diets

Background: Fat and oil are commonly used in poultry diets to increase energy density and also to increase the palatability of feed, feed efficiency and for deposition of fat in broilers. Thus a study was proposed to find the effects of dietary replacement of saturated fatty acid rich palm oil (PO) by omega-3 rich rapeseed oil (RO) on growth performance and economics in broilers. Method: The growth performance feeding trial was conducted in 160 day-old broilers (vencobb 400) with four treatment groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) with four replicates of ten chicks each. The basal diet (R1) was prepared with palm oil included at the rate of 1.5, 3, and 4.5 per cent in pre-starter, starter and finisher ration, respectively and fed to G1. The other treatment groups G2, G3 and G4 received R2, R3 and R4 experimental rations respectively. The experimental rations R2, R3 and R4 were prepared with rapeseed oil replacing 25, 50 and 100 per cent of palm oil which was included in R1. Result: The broiler ration prepared with rapeseed oil at 50 and 100 per cent level (G3 and G4) replacing palm oil showed increased body weight gain (P less than 0.01) and better feed conversion ratio (P less than 0.05) than G1 group. There was no significant difference in the feed intake among the different treatment groups. Profit per kg live weight in G3 (Rs.12.06) and G4 (Rs.11.14) was more than G1 (Rs.8.21) and G2 (Rs.6.57). The supplementation of omega-3 rich rapeseed oil had significantly improved the performance of broilers.

scholarly journals Development of captive Juvenile male Grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus. Temminck 1827) fed with two common forage grass species in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
JA Ogunjobi ◽  
BW Adu ◽  
SA Onadeko ◽  
OB Jayeola
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Forage Grass ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Juvenile Male ◽  
Andropogon Gayanus

Context: Sustainable utilization of abundant forage grass species in Nigeria is very crucial in grasscutter domestication programme. Objective: This study evaluates comparative effects of Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) parts on growth performance of captive-bred juvenile male grasscutters. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted inside Grasscutter Domestication Unit of Federal College of Wildlife Management, New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria. The experimental animal comprised of twenty-four juvenile males (JM) with mean live-weight of 410±2.11g fed four basal dietary treatment combinations: Elephant grass stem (EGS), Elephant Grass Leaf (EGL), Gamba Grass Stem (GGS) and Gamba Grass Leaf (GGL) in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement for 120 days to obtain data which includes feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), weight gain (WG), nutrient digestibilities of dry matter (DM) and crude fibre (CF). Results: Average daily feed intake (FI) in JM was significantly (p<0.05) higher in experimental animals fed with GGS (107.23g/d) and EGS (106.21g/d) relative to GGL (105.89g/d) and EGL (105.14g/d). EGL exhibited higher (4.45g/d) WG and lowest (23.69) FCR. JM fed EGL recorded highest digestibility of DM (85.64%) and CF (83.84%), respectively. Grass species and parts interaction showed significant variation (p<0.05) on FI, DM and CF of the animals when fed EGL. Conclusion: It was evident that EGL was maximally utilized by captive-bred juvenile male grasscutters for growth performance hence, feeding of captive male grass cutters with EGL as basal food for table meat production is recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v21i0.22523 J. bio-sci. 21: 89-98, 2013

scholarly journals Randomised Control Trial Comparing Cypermethrin-Based Preparations in the Prevention of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis in Cattle

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Jennifer Allan ◽  
Steven Van Winden
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Moraxella Bovis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Case Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) caused by Moraxella bovis is commonly seen in the summer months spread by face flies. This trial investigated the difference in incidence of IBK cases from natural exposure between two groups of animals, one treated with Cypermethrin pour-on preparation (PON, n = 98) and one with Cypermethrin impregnated ear tags (TAG, n = 99). Daily Live Weight Gain (DLWG) difference was investigated between animals with cases and those without and between treatment groups. A randomised positive control study, enrolled 197 animals split into two treatment groups. Cases of IBK and DLWG were recorded over the grazing season (April–November 2018). Fifty-four cases of IBK were recorded. There was no association between the two treatment groups (p = 0.362) and case status. Breed and under 12 months old were significant factors for having a case; (OR 2.3, p = 0.014 and OR 3.5, p < 0.001 respectively). There was no difference in DLWG between animals that had a case and animals that had not (p = 0.739) or between the two treatment groups (p = 0.215). Based on our results, there is no significant difference between PON or TAG preparations in the prevention of IBK. Younger animals and white-faced breeds are significantly more likely to suffer with IBK.

Meat production from pigs which have farrowed. 2. Carcass characteristics

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Brooks ◽  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
W. J. N. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Large White ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

SUMMARYThe carcass characteristics of young adult female pigs (gilts) slaughtered after weaning their first litters have been investigated using three groups of 19 Landrace × (Landrace×Large White) gilts. In two treatment groups gilts were mated at their pubertal oestrus and suckled their piglets for 5 to 11 and 35 to 42 days respectively. These gilts were slaughtered on average 10 days after weaning. A third control group consisted of unmated gilts slaughtered at 118 kg live weight.There was no significant difference in the killing-out percentage for the three groups. The carcasses of the gilts which farrowed contained significantly less fat (P<0·001) than those of the unmated controls. The carcasses of the farrowed gilts had significantly lighter middle sections (P<0·001) and significantly heavier shoulders (P<0·001) than the controls.Despite the variations in tissue yield and distribution, the yield of prime joints for the gilts which had farrowed was only 0·62 percentage units less than that of the controls.No commercially significant variations between groups in meat quality were observed.

The effects of level of feeding of sows during pregnancy. I. Reproductive performance

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Lodge ◽  
F. W. H. Elsley ◽  
R. M. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Large White ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Parity Effect ◽  
Significant Difference

1. Twelve sets of 3 litter-sister Large White gilts were mated at first oestrus after reaching 250 lb. live-weight and given daily during 3 successive pregnancies either 6 lb. (A), 3 lb. (B) or 3 lb. for 76 days then 6 lb. until parturition (C) of the same meal mixture. During an 8-week lactation all were given 4 lb. meal plus 0·8 lb. per piglet suckled.2. There was a significant linear increase in numbers born with successive parities (P<0·05) but no significant differences between treatment or sister groups. There was a highly significant difference between treatment groups in mean piglet birth weight (P< 0·001) but no parity effect; mean birth weights were 2·76, 2·40 and 2·58 Ib. for Groups A, B and C respectively. Differences between sister groups in mean piglet birth weight were also significant (P<0·05).3. Post-natal litter performance was poor for all groups, probably because of the presence of E. coli, but there was no evidence of treatment effects other than on 3-week weight of third litters, which was significantly greater in Group C than in A or B (P<0·05). There were no significant effects on either number or weight of piglets at 8 weeks.

Level of feeding during early life and the subsequent reproductive performance of sows

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Lodge ◽  
R. M. McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Plane Group ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Size At Birth

1. Nine groups of 4 litter-mate Wessex Saddleback gilts were divided on a within-litter basis between 4 treatments so that they were reared from 8 weeks of age to 200 1b. live-weight according to different levels of total feed intake; (a) a high level rising to 8·0 1b. meal per day at 200 1b. live-weight, (b) a medium level approximately 80% of the high, (c) a low level approximately 60% of the high and (d) changing from the low to the medium level between 14 and 16 weeks of age. From 200 1b. live-weight to mating at first heat after reaching 300 1b. all were fed to the medium scale (6·5 1b. meal per day), and all were treated alike during each of 3 pregnancies and lactations.2. Mean rate of growth from weaning to 100 1b. and from 100 to 200 1b. differed significantly between treatments (P<0·001), and mean efficiency of feed conversion of the low-plane group was significantly poorer than that of the high-plane group (P<0·05) from weaning to 100 1b. live-weight.3. All gilts, regardless of treatment, reached puberty at approximately the same age (25 weeks), with the result that mean weight at puberty differed markedly between treatments (P<0·001); 116, 154, 189 and 147 1b. for treatments (a) to (d) respectively.4. Gilts reared on medium and high planes of feeding exhibited oestrus less strongly than those reared on the low-plane, with the result that mean weight at successful mating was significantly greater in these two groups (P<0·05).5. Four gilts in the low-plane group and one in the high-plane group failed to conceive after repeated matings, but numbers were insufficient to indicate the significance of this.6. From the original 36 gilts, 27 first litters, 26 second litters and 25 third litters were produced and reared to 8 weeks of age. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in litter size at birth, mean weight of piglets at 3 or 8 weeks of age or total litter weight at weaning.7. Trouble from temporary collapse of the legs was experienced in all but one gilt of the high-plane group between 6½ and 7½ months of age.

scholarly journals ​Effect of Inclusion of Moringa oliefera Leaf Meal on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Deccani Lambs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Bhokre ◽  
N. Rajanna ◽  
A. Sarat Chandra ◽  
D. Nagalakshmi ◽  
D.B.V. Ramana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

Background: Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is a highly valued plant grown in tropical and subtropical countries. Moringa has a high amount of crude protein, a well-balanced amino acid profile, vitamins and minerals and fewer quantities of antinutritive factors. Methods: Eighteen growing Deccani lambs of uniform body weight (14.22±1.5 kg) and age were randomly allotted to three treatment groups viz., 100 per cent groundnut cake (T1), 75% groundnut cake+ 25% Moringa oliefera leaf meal (T2) and 50% groundnut cake+ 50% M. oliefera leaf meal (T3) as a protein source in the concentrate mixture. The experiment was conducted for 90 days. Result: No significant difference was found in the fortnightly body weights of the lambs from 1st to 6th fortnights among three dietary groups. Total weight gain and Average Daily gain (ADG) were significant (P less than 0.01) among the treatment groups whereas DMI (kg/day), per 100 kg and FCR was non-significant. The digestibility coefficients (%) of all nutrients were non-significant (P greater than 0.05) except the NFE. Pre-slaughter weight, empty body weight, hot carcass weights and dressing percent on pre-slaughter weight and empty body weight were comparable among the three groups. Results of the present study indicated that inclusion of 25% Moringa oleifera leaf meal in concentrate mixture proved to be superior and improved the growth performance, digestibility of nutrients and carcass traits without any adverse effects on experimental lambs.

scholarly journals PSVI-7 Increased consumption of Methionine as DL-Methionine or OH-Methionine improved pigs growing performance and carcass traits under hot conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Caio A da Silva ◽  
Marco A Callegari ◽  
José Henrique Barbi ◽  
Naiara Fagundes ◽  
Cleandro P Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Adequate Dose ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effects of increasing Methionine (Met) supply on growth performance and carcass traits of growing-finishing pigs under summer conditions in Brazil. A total of 200 barrows and females, 63 d-old (20.43±2.0 kg), were allocated in a 2 x 2 factorial design (two Met sources [DL-Met and OH-Met] and two Met doses [100 and 120% Brazilian Nutritional recommendation) with 10 replicates of 5 animals each. Corn-DDGS-wheat-soya based diets were formulated. Treatments were offered during four phases: growing I (63-93 d old), growing II (94-114 d old), finishing I (115-142 d old) and finishing II (143-160 d old). The recommended digestible Met levels were: 0.32, 0.30, 0.29 and 0.24% respectively for the four phases. Average temperature was 27.12 ± 4.51ºC and relative humidity was 61.72 ± 5.65%. Growth performance was measured for each rearing phase. Carcass yield, back fat height, loin depth, and lean meat yield were measured at the end of the experiment. Data were submitted to a 2-way ANOVA and Tukey test. There was no significant interaction between the Met source and the dose for all performance and carcass traits. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio were similar between treatments (P &gt;0.05). The individual daily weight gain and live weight were better for the highest doses of methionine (P&lt; 0.05) in all phases and on the whole period, except for the finishing II where the weight gain was similar for all treatments. Likewise, carcass yield, lean meat was increased with the highest dose of methionine in comparison to the adequate dose. No significant difference was found between DL-Met and OH-Met on growth performance parameters. OH-Met resulted in a higher loin depth (58.37 mm) in comparison to DL-Met (55.21 mm). Overall, these results demonstrated the interest of increasing Met supply under hot conditions to improving performance and carcass quality traits.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cardiac status, ascites related factors and growth performance of five commercial strains of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e50295
Author(s):  
Saifali Varmaghany ◽  
Hoshang Jafari ◽  
Javad
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cardiac Status

The aim of the current study was to evaluate cardiac status, ascites susceptibility, thyroid hormones, some hematological parameters and performance of five commercial broiler strains. Chicks were selected from strains of Cobb, Hubbard, Ross 308, Arbor Acres, and Arian (Iranian commercial broiler strain). Management and nutritional conditions were the same for all strains. Ascites related factors, and growth performance were measured. The highest and lowest, RV weight/live weight at 21 day of age were related to Arian and Ross 308 strains, respectively (p < 0.05). The TV weight, TV weight/live weight and the RV weight/live weight were significantly different between various strains at 49 and 54 days of age (p < 0.05). Strain had no effect on RV/TV. Performance, T3 and T4 hormones, hematological parameters, and mortalities were not significantly different among the strains (p > 0.05). Ascites mortalities in the Ross 308 was zero; however, it had no significant difference with other strains (p > 0.05). It was concluded that, based on performance and physiological status, even though considered broiler strains did not differ significantly because of the same genetic programs probably, but according to the prices and market conditions each can be selected for breeding.

scholarly journals Effects of Suckling Schedule on Growth Characteristics of Saanen Kids

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Diken ◽  
F. Ugur ◽  
C. Tolu ◽  
M. Dosay Akbulut
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Training

Abstract. This study was carried out with single-born Saanen kids raised at Uvecik Research and Training Centre of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University. In the study, the kids were raised according to two suckling program. In the first program, the kids suckled full-udder of their dams for 30 min at 08.00 and 18.00. In the second program, the right lob of the udder of the kid’s dams was milked by hand, and then the kids were allowed to suckle their dams for 30 min at 08.00 and 18.00. The kids in the both groups were weaned at 5 weeks of the study. The live weights of the kids of the first and second program were 10963.0±274.4 and 10384.9±285.1 g (P>0.05) at 5 weeks of the study and 17932.9±676.3 and 17482.7±702.8 g (P>0.05) at 12 weeks of the study, respectively. The height at withers and heart girth of the kids of the first and second program were 51.7±0.9 and 51.1±0.9 cm (P>0.05), and 61.1±0.8 and 58.5±0.8 cm (P≤0.05) at 12 weeks of the study, respectively. The live weight increase between 1-5 and 1-12 weeks of the kids of the first and second program were determined as 192.0±9.5 and 178.6±9.9 g (P>0.05), and 160.2±8.4 and 157.0±8.7 g (P>0.05), respectively. No significant difference was found between the programs in terms of roughage intake (P>0.05), concentrate feed intake (P>0.05), water intake (P>0.05), rumination (P>0.05) behaviors. In conclusion, the growth performance and behaviors of kids which were raised according to two suckling program were found similar.

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