scholarly journals THE PECULARITIES OF SEMANTIC COMPRESSION IMPLEMENTATION IN POPULAR ENGLISH TALK SHOWS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (193) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Olena Yemelyanova ◽  
◽  
Mariia Titareva ◽  
Tetiana Popova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Talk Shows ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Speech Styles ◽  
Symbolic Structure ◽  
Language Norms ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Transfer Of Information ◽  
Linguistic Means

The article deals with the analysis of semantic compression application in popular English talk shows. The purpose of this paper is to define language compression, to outline the expediency of its use in English media discourse, to name ways of compression implementation in popular talk shows and to consider the level of influence of principle of linguistic efforts economy on achieving communicative goals between interlocutors. Basic information on the concept of linguistic compression and features of its use at different language levels, in particular phonetic, morphological, lexical, semantic and syntactic is presented. Linguistic compression is used in oral and written discourse, in formal and informal texts. The text gives valuable information on the structure and characteristics of media discourse, its grammatical, lexical and phonetic features. The article focuses on a detailed analysis of the main linguistic means that serve to reduce the symbolic structure of language, which leads to the brevity of expression, contains the data on key properties of linguistic compression that help make the text more concise. Special attention is paid to the phonetic methods of linguistic compression in English talk shows: it is manifested through such means as reduction, assimilation, loss, fusion and other processes. Among the syntactic means of compression, such methods used for linguistic efforts economy as contamination, segmentation and parceling, ellipse, univerbation, abbreviation, composite words, inclusion and use of foreign words or components are analyzed. The article points out the importance of adequate transfer of information with preservation of expressive nuances and observance of stylistic language norms. The article is of interest for further researches on the topic of linguistic efforts economy in oral and written speech styles, can be used in researches in linguistics, lexicology, phonetics.

scholarly journals Manifestations of Natural Written Speech: Inscriptions on Photos

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
N. A. Krasovskaya ◽  
P. Yu. Kositsina
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
Graphical Layout ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Linguistic Means ◽  
Written Speech

The main purpose of this article is to dwell on the consideration of some genres of natural writing. The very concept of “natural written speech” at the present time has not received a complete and comprehensive interpretation. However, recently we have come across its existence much less often. In part, the disappearance of the genres of natural writing is associated with the onset of the digital era, when people stopped writing letters to each other on paper, notes, making notes for themselves, stopped signing photographs. Many genres of writing are capable of giving an idea of the writer in the same way as varieties of oral speech. In natural written speech, some personality traits and linguistic personality are manifested. The aim of the research, presented in the article, is to analyze inscriptions on photographs from the viewpoint of their lexis, punctuation, graphical layout to define the chronotope and personal characteristics of the author, who produces this genre of written discourse. The focus is on the linguistic means of inscriptions on photos, i.e. graphic, lexical, derivational and some others. In the process of analyzing such a genre of writing as inscriptions on photographs, the main varieties of this genre were identified: inscriptions made as a memento, inscriptions that represent the definition of an event or time and place; inscriptions made to convey information to close relatives, etc. In addition, the inscriptions on photographs can be classified by keywords, if possible, determining the chronotope, by the use of graphic means, by the location of the inscription itself in the photograph. To a certain extent, the inscriptions made on photographs reflect the personality traits of a person. The analysis shows, that the inscriptions on photographs have become somewhat of a harbinger of personal pages on Instagram.

A contrastive corpus-based analysis of the frequency of discourse markers in NE and NNE media discourse: Implications for a “universal discourse competence”

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Vaez Dalili ◽  
Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Contrastive Rhetoric ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Political News ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Contrastive Discourse Markers ◽  
Discourse Competence

AbstractThis article examines whether there are differences in the frequency of discourse markers (DMs) between Native English (NE) and Non-native English (NNE) corpora of political media discourse. Based on the grammatical-pragmatic perspective of discourse markers (Fraser, 2004), the discourse markers identified in the corpora were divided into four semantic categories: contrastive discourse markers (CDM), elaborative discourse markers (EDM), implicative discourse markers (IDM) and temporal discourse markers (TDM). The results revealed that: (i) in both corpora, implicative discourse markers (IDMs) and elaborative discourse markers (EDMs) have the lowest and highest frequency counts respectively, (ii) there are significant differences across the four types of discourse markers in both corpora, (iii) there is no significant difference in the aggregated frequency of discourse markers across NE and NNE political news discourse, and (iv) there are no relative NE/NNE frequency differences within each category of discourse markers. The findings point to the need for revisiting Kaplan's contrastive rhetoric, and provide evidence for the plausibility of a “ universal discourse competence” in advanced NNE written discourse.

scholarly journals Realization of “food as a source of health” Cognitive Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Viacheslav D. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
The Media ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Color Composition ◽  
Linguistic Means

This article is devoted to the analysis of the cognitive and pragmatic factors of food representation in media discourse, as well as the peculiarities of the linguistic means of this representation. The study used the methodology of cognitive semantics and discourse analysis, including the method of cognitive modeling, the method of discourse analysis, the method of pragmalinguistic analysis, observation and description techniques. Cognitive and pragmatic aspects of food representation, in our opinion, belong to the extra-linguistic components of discourse. Filling the components of the cognitive model with certain content by means of linguistic units leads to the realization of the pragmatic goal of the journalist. For example, the component CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OBJECT (FOOD) through the media text is filled with information about color, composition, presence of additives, etc., which allows the reader to form a certain attitude towards food, which is discussed in the article.

scholarly journals Stylization of Oral German Speech in Modern Media Discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Е.А. Калашникова ◽  
Г.А. Соколова ◽  
Д.А. Зимарин
Keyword(s):  
Oral Communication ◽  
Talk Shows ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Auditory Analysis ◽  
Everyday Communication ◽  
Significant Factors

В рамках медиариторики в фокусе внимания исследователей оказываются жанры устной коммуникации, передаваемой электронно-техническими средствами. Рассматриваются вопросы стилизации устной спонтанной немецкой речи на сегментном уровне в двух жанрах медийного дискурса — ток-шоу и телесериалах. Авторы выдвигают гипотезу, согласно которой в современных немецких телесериалах и ток-шоу в сценах, имитирующих ситуации бытового общения, говорящие реализуют вариант нормы со сниженным (телесериалы), а также высоким и средним (ток-шоу) артикуляционным напряжением в зависимости от коммуникативно значимого фактора. Данные перцептивно-слухового анализа подтверждают выдвинутые положения. Within the framework of media rhetoric researchers are interested in the genres of oral communication that can be transmitted through electronic means. The article is devoted to the problem of stylization on the segmental level of oral spontaneous German speech in two genres of media discourse, namely, talk shows and TV series. The authors propose a hypothesis that in modern German TV series and talk shows imitating everyday communication the speakers use a variant of the norm with reduced articulatory tension (TV series) and also with high or medium (talk shows) articulatory tension depending on communicatively significant factors. The results of the perceptual-auditory analysis confirm the proposed hypothesis.

scholarly journals The Experimental-Phonetic Analyses of the Discourse Intonation in the English and Azerbaijan Languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Sahila Baghir Mustafayeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Speech Styles ◽  
The People ◽  
Discourse Intonation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Intellectual Level ◽  
Computer Operation

The article deals with the experimental-phonetic analyses of the discourse intonation in the English and Azerbaijan languages. Having researched the article, it becomes clear that discourse intonation (DI) is an approach to the teaching and analysis of everyday speech. The characteristics of intonation components in the formation of discourse have been touched upon in the article. The intonation is mentioned to be one of the main means in the formation of the discourse. It is a known fact that speech styles can be characterized by their lexical, syntactic and phonetic features. The attention is drawn to the distinguishing points of the speech of the people having various professions such as the speech styles of a teacher and a driver should be different not only from the lexical point of view but also from the phonetic point of view. During the conversation, one can come across some nuances of the speaker’s intellectual level, life experience and social status. It is also important to remember that the subject of the conversation is meant to be an important factor too. The object of the conversation ensures the stylistic formation of the idea. The importance of the experiment has been taken into a special consideration in the article as well. The opinion of academician L. V. Sherba that stresses the importance of the experiment has been analyzed by the author. The factors that are needed to be followed by while carrying out the language facts have been fulfilled in the article. The author tries to prove that DI is concerned with the speakers’ moment-by-moment context-referenced choices. It recognizes four systems of speaker’s choice: prominence, tone, melodicy, and termination. The discourse samples having been chosen for the experiment are fulfilled by using various sentence types. Besides, the inside structure of the sentences and their lexical contents are also taken into account in the article. Some discourse samples have been chosen in the comparable languages to be experimented in order to distinguish the intonation nature of the discourse. The experiment has been carried out by using the program “Praat”. It is noteworthy to mention that the program “Praat” is known to be a computer operation used to analyze speech sounds.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION OF THE ‘SCIENTIST’S SPIRIT’ IMAGE IN CHINESE AND RUSSIAN MEDIA DISCOURSES (EXAMPLIFIED BY NEWS ARTICLES)

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
V.G. Morgun
Keyword(s):  
Media Discourse ◽  
Chinese Media ◽  
Linguistic Representation ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
Text Formation ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Linguistic Means ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article provides a comprehensive study of the mechanism of functioning of language tools in the process of text formation, and presents the results of studying the image of the ‘scientist’s spirit’ in modern media discourse on the example of Chinese and Russian news articles. The analysis of empirical material has shown that when representing the spirit of a scientist, general (epithet, metaphor, hyperbole/litotes, lexical repetition, syntactic parallelism, gradation, homogeneous parts of the sentence, parenthetic constructions) and particular for Chinese media discourse (comparison, inversion, parcellation, question-and-answer form of presentation) linguistic means prevail.

scholarly journals Alemannisch und der Deutschunterricht.

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-409
Author(s):  
Raphael Berthele
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Language Education ◽  
German Language ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
The Media ◽  
Language Norms

In this contribution, I describe the evolution of the role that Alemannic dialects and Standard High German play in the Swiss German educational context. Drawing on a content analysis of a collection of school-related documents from 1950 to 2014, I describe the change in the roles attributed to dialects and the standard language, respectively. The task of German-language education shifts from the two-fold goal of teaching standard-language literacy and cultivating the “pure” dialect in the 1950s to a clear prioritization of standard language skills both in orality and in literacy towards the end of the twentieth century. I discuss these changes in relation to the backdrop of the media discourse on identity, language, multilingual education, language norms, and other social issues such as migration.

scholarly journals Humour as a strategy for news delivery: the case of Meduza

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Vladimirovna Vasileva ◽  
Liubov Yurevna Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Relation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Strategic Resource ◽  
News Event ◽  
Linguistic Means

In this article, humour is viewed as a strategic resource for informing in media discourse. It is analyzed through the case of “Evening Meduza”, a Russian-language nightly newsletter, received via email or Telegram messenger. A media linguistics analysis of polycode hypermedia text is used to identify communicative linguistic means, contributing to a comic reinterpretation of news on the paratextual, intratextual and visual-illustrative level. News messages in the newsletter are created in the format of compressed “packagings” (a term borrowed from Chafe) with embedded links, following which an addressee goes to the page with source text or concomitant informational resources. Humour is analyzed in packagings as well as in whole text and paratext blocks. Humorous means are revealed in three vectors of analysis: empathy in packaging texts, paratextual focus interaction, and news visualization. The change of narrative perspectives in text packages allows the authors to shift the focus of contrast within a newspiece and create humorous content while showing empathy to readers with different presuppositional expectations. The author’s signature always includes a prepositive ironic addition (attribution) that highlights one of the issue’s news elements and forces the audience to reread the newsletter in order to understand the semantic relation. Subheadings create a comic contrast, focusing on individual parts of the reference content while preparing the reader to perceive the news of the day interconnectedly. A mandatory humorous component in the block “And – picture” was found to show the news event in a visual semiotic code using a demotivator style that expresses a pun.

scholarly journals Metaphor as a means of creating a humorous effect in Bulgarian media texts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Viktotrovna Stoyanova
Keyword(s):  
General Context ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Implicit Functions ◽  
Cognitive Mechanism ◽  
Sociocultural Factor ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linguistic Means

The paper is devoted to the questions of metaphor as a linguistic means and cognitive mechanism for creating a humorous effect in Bulgarian media texts. There is a similarity between the nature of metaphors and the humor, the ability of perception which refers to the evolutionary acquisition. The relationship of metaphor and humor is manifested in the comparison of the contradictory and the combination of the disproportionate. The humorous effect created by the metaphor in the media discourse is included in the general context and is the result of deliberate efforts, in accordance with pragmatic, linguistic and cultural settings. Despite the universality of humor and metaphor, the interpretation of knowledge, modeled by a comic metaphor, is governed by the sociocultural factor. The implicit functions of the metaphor fit into the functional and pragmatic parameters of media discourse, making the metaphor an integral part of media speech. The collected material allows us to conclude that there are single comic metaphors in Bulgarian media texts, or metaphors create the humorous effect of a fragment / whole media text based on one or more metaphorical models. Increasingly, in a modern Bulgarian media discourse, a metaphor is implemented as a construct script for the semantic development of the text.

scholarly journals Masculinity and Femininity in Yuriko Koike's Speech Style

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-156
Author(s):  
Parwati Hadi Noorsanti
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Verbal Interaction ◽  
Talk Shows ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Public Communication ◽  
Speech Styles ◽  
Feminine Style ◽  
Public Report ◽  
And Task

This study aims at describing Yuriko Koike’s speech style in conducting verbal interaction in public in relation to her profession as a politician and the Governor of Tokyo. In relation to gender stereotypes, women have a feminine speech style while men have a masculine speech style. The activities as a woman politician and leader will indeed affect Yuriko Koike’s language use in public communication, whether she fully incorporates a feminine style or also employs a masculine style. The data of this study is Yuriko Koike’s utterances in verbal interaction taken from YouTube, comprising informal talk shows, formal talk shows, and press conferences. The data are analyzed with the theories of gender and language, as well as speech style, proposed by Holmes and Stubbe (2003) and Talbot (2003). From the data obtained, it can be deduced that Yuriko Koike’s speech style is androgynous, which combines masculine and feminine speech styles. Her speech style, therefore, does not reflect the stereotypical style of the traditional Japanese women, which is polite, soft, unassertive, and indirect. Instead, Yuriko Koike is the depiction of the deconstruction of Japanese women’s communication today, by which she shows herself as a respected leader to her political opponents. Koike generally has a communication style of a leader, that is public, report, lecturing, referentially oriented, problem-solving, dominating, and task/outcome-oriented. Specifically, her masculine speech style includes direct, competitive, independent-autonomy, and dominant, while her feminine styles were effectively oriented-sympathy, rapport, intimacy-connection, collaborative, and supportive feedback.Keywords: speech style; feminine; masculine; Yuriko Koike

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