Tests of chipping hammers (formation of the bench technique)

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
V.S. Vanaev
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Technological Characteristics

An overview of the principal schemes and designs of test tools for hand-held impact machines, such as chipping hammers, is presented. The formation of a bench test method for chipping hammers is considered, which most objectively reproduces the operation of a hand-held machine from the position of its location relative to the object being processed. Keywords: hand-held machine, chipping hammer, test bench, test method, processed object, technological characteristics. [email protected]

Testing of riveting hammers (formation of the bench technique)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
V.S. Vanaev
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
The Real ◽  
Testing Tools ◽  
Real Work

An overview of the principal schemes and designs of testing tools for handheld impact machines, such as riveting hammers, is given. The formation of a bench test method for riveting hammers is considered, which most objectively reproduces the real work of a manual machine when processing an object with a riveting hammer, including with the help of support. Keywords: hand-held machine, riveting hammer, support, test bench, test procedure, processed package, rivet, characteristics of hand-held machine. [email protected]

Investigations of Road Wear Caused by Studded Tires

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-15
Author(s):  
Johannes Gültlinger ◽  
Frank Gauterin ◽  
Christian Brandau ◽  
Jan Schlittenhard ◽  
Burkhard Wies
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Tire Friction ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions

ABSTRACT The use of studded tires has been a subject of controversy from the time they came into market. While studded tires contribute to traffic safety under severe winter conditions by increasing tire friction on icy roads, they also cause damage to the road surface when running on bare roads. Consequently, one of the main challenges in studded tire development is to reduce road wear while still ensuring a good grip on ice. Therefore, a research project was initiated to gain understanding about the mechanisms and influencing parameters involved in road wear by studded tires. A test method using the institute's internal drum test bench was developed. Furthermore, mechanisms causing road wear by studded tires were derived from basic analytical models. These mechanisms were used to identify the main parameters influencing road wear by studded tires. Using experimental results obtained with the test method developed, the expected influences were verified. Vehicle driving speed and stud mass were found to be major factors influencing road wear. This can be explained by the stud impact as a dominant mechanism. By means of the test method presented, quantified and comparable data for road wear caused by studded tires under controllable conditions can be obtained. The mechanisms allow predicting the influence of tire construction and variable operating conditions on road wear.

scholarly journals Development of a New-Concept Supercharged Single-Cylinder Engine for Race Car

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3694
Author(s):  
Chuanxue Song ◽  
Gangpu Yu ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Ruoli Yang ◽  
Yi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Race Car ◽  
Single Cylinder Engine

This article summarises the development and experience of the Formula Student race car engine from 2018. According to the technical rules of Formula Student after the change in 2017, this engine adopts a new design concept, employs a 690-mL single-cylinder engine as the base, and applies ‘response enhancement technology’ with supercharging as the core to achieve a high-power output, a wide high-torque range and an excellent response capability. During the development, various studies on the dynamic performance of the vehicle and the engine were conducted, including vehicle dynamics analysis and track simulation, parameter matching of the supercharger and the engine, control strategy design, and the intake and exhaust system design. This research builds a supercharger air flow and efficiency test bench and an engine performance test bench. Test results show that the developed engine can output 122% of the original power and 120% of the original torque with a 20-mm diameter intake restrictor. Compared with previous generation race cars with a turbocharged four-cylinder engine, the new race car‘s 0–100 km/h acceleration time is shortened by 0.2 s, the torque response time under typical condition is shortened by 80%, and the lap time of the integrated circuit is reduced by 7%.

scholarly journals Advances in developing a new test method to assess spray drift potential from air blast sprayers

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Grella ◽  
Emilio Gil ◽  
Paolo Balsari ◽  
Paolo Marucco ◽  
Montserrat Gallart
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
Spray Process ◽  
Drift Potential ◽  
Index Value

Drift is one of the most important issues to consider for realising sustainable pesticide sprays. This study proposes and tests an alternative methodology for quantifying the drift potential (DP) of air blast sprayers, trying to avoid the difficulties faced in conducting field trials according to the standard protocol (ISO 22866:2005). For this purpose, an ad hoc test bench designed for DP comparative measurements was used. The proposed methodology was evaluated in terms of robustness, repetitiveness and coherence by arranging a series of trials at two laboratories. Representative orchard and vineyard air blast sprayers in eight configurations (combination of two forward speeds, two air fan flow rates, and two nozzle types) were tested. The test bench was placed perpendicular to the spray track to collect the fraction of spray liquid remaining in the air after the spray process and potentially susceptible to drift out of the treated area. Downwind spray deposition curves were obtained and a new approach was proposed to calculate an index value of the DP estimation that could allow the differences among the tested configurations to be described. Results indicated that forward speed of 1.67 m/s allows better discrimination among configurations tested. Highest DP reduction, over 87.5%, was achieved using the TVI nozzles in combination with low air fan flow rate in both laboratories; conversely, the highest DP value was obtained with the ATR nozzles in combination with high air fan flow rate. Although the proposed method shows a promising potential to evaluate drift potential of different sprayer types and nozzles types used for bush and tree crops further research and tests are necessary to improve and validate this method.

Research on the relationship between transmission efficiency and input torque of manual transmission

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Shu Yan ◽  
Geng Li ◽  
Shaopeng Tian ◽  
Qingxing Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Test Bench ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Manual Transmission ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Theoretical Simulation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Allowable Range ◽  
Dc Bus ◽  
Input Torque

Based on the manual transmission of a micro car, this paper would present the analysis of the factors affecting the transmission efficiency (TE) and the calculation formula of TE. Accordingly, the calculation model of Matlab/Simulink TE would be built to figure out how TE varies with input torque. Meanwhile, a set of manual transmission test bench would be designed and used to verify the theoretical simulation results. It adopts a common DC bus energy feedback closed system which can feedback the power generated by the load motor to the grid through the DC bus so as to save the electricity and produce less pollution. Therefore, while the test bench can reflect the variation trend of TE about the manual transmission truly, it is comparatively reliable. Apart from being energy-saving, its unique versatility could definitely predict its exceptional potential. The data of TE obtained from the test bench are compared with the simulation result. It showed that the TE of bench test and simulation result are similar, though companied by less than 2% error difference which is within the allowable range. Most importantly, the bench test results proved the validity of the theoretical analysis statistically, which is of great necessity and significance to the research of TE.

scholarly journals Study of the Effects of Changes in Gas Composition as Well as Ambient and Gas Temperature on Errors of Indications of Thermal Gas Meters

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Jaworski ◽  
Adrian Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Metrological Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Thermal gas meters represent a promising technology for billing customers for gaseous fuels, however, it is essential to ensure that measurement accuracy is maintained in the long term and in a broad range of operating conditions. The effect of hydrogen addition to natural gas will change the physicochemical properties of the mixture of natural gas and hydrogen. Such a mixture will be supplied through the gas system, to consumers, including households, where the amounts of received gas will be metered. The physicochemical properties of hydrogen, including the specific density or viscosity, differ significantly from those of the natural gas components, such as methane, ethane, propane, nitrogen, etc. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to establish the impact of the changes in the gas composition caused by the addition of hydrogen to natural gas on the metrological properties of household gas meters, including thermal gas meters. Furthermore, since household gas meters can be installed outdoors and, taking into account the fact that household gas meters are good heat exchangers, the influence of ambient and gas temperature on the metrological properties of those meters should be investigated. This article reviews a test bench and a testing method concerning errors of thermal gas meter indicators using air and natural gas, including the type containing hydrogen. The indication errors for thermal gas meters using air, natural gas and natural gas with an addition of 2%, 4%, 5%, 10% and 15% hydrogen were determined and then subjected to metrological analysis. Moreover, the test method and test bench are discussed and the results of tests on the impact of ambient and gas temperatures (‒25 °C and 55 °C, respectively) on the errors of indications of thermal gas meters are presented. Conclusions for distribution system operators in terms of gas meter selection were drawn based on the test results.

The CRC Port Fuel Injector Bench Test Method, Interlaboratory Study, and Vehicle Test Correlation

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Megnin ◽  
Beth Evans ◽  
Don Koehler ◽  
Karen Kohl ◽  
John Naylon
Keyword(s):  
Test Method ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Vehicle Test ◽  
Test Correlation

The test bench for the assessment of the impact of wind turbine noise on human performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2629-2633
Author(s):  
Dariusz Pleban ◽  
Grzegorz Szczepański ◽  
Jan Radosz ◽  
Łukasz Kapica
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise ◽  
The Impact

Among the factors related to the operation of wind farms, wind turbine noise has to be seen as a source of annoyance for both people living and working near wind farms. A method and a test bench to conduct noise annoyance tests of different types of wind turbine noise in laboratory conditions have been developed. The test bench is based on a multi-channel sound reproducing system using the DANTE network (in which digital acoustic signals are broadcast over Ethernet) and is compiled in the acoustic test chamber. The test bench consists of 19 speakers, including 17 Avantone MixCube studio monitors and 2 LS600 woofers. During the tests a study subject is assessed in terms of efficiency and performance using a computer-based ALS test from the Vienna Test System. The paper describes the test method, the test bench and the results of the pilot studies carried out to assess the impact of wind turbine noise on human performance.

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