scholarly journals Combination treatment of metformin and red fruit (Pandanus conoideus l.) extract increased pancreatic β cell density but had no effect toward fasting blood glucose and glycated albumin levels in diabetic male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ingrid Rotinsulu ◽  
Wimpie I. Pangkahila ◽  
A.A. Gede Budhiarta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Fruit Extract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease associated with premature aging characterized by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia in people with DM causes oxidative stress and increases Glycated Albumin level, which is the initial precursor to the formation of AGEs. In turn, AGEs will lead to pancreatic β cell damage and apoptosis. Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus L) contains phytochemicals with antioxidant that has the potential to reduce diabetic complications. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of metformin and red fruit extract combination toward blood glucose, glycated albumin and pancreatic β cells density in diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: A post-test only control group study was conducted using 36 male Wistar rats as subject. All subjects were induced for type-2 DM with Streptozotocin and Nicotinamide. The diabetic rats were then divided into 2 groups: the positive control group treated with metformin + placebo and the treatment group treated with metformin + red fruit extract. Pancreatic β cell, fasting blood glucose and glycated albumin assessments were performed after 21 days of treatment. Results: The results showed the mean number of pancreatic β cells in the treatment group was higher than the control group (116.11±33.14 vs 83.20±23.94 cells/visual field; p=0.002). But the mean fasting blood glucose in the treatment group was not significantly different compared to the control group (107.67±14.93 vs. 113.67±11.19 mg/dl; p=0.181). The same result also found in the gycated albumin level (Treatment vs control: 6.97±3.63 vs 6.42±4.01 ng/ml; p=0.666). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the administration of red fruit extract increased the density of pancreatic β cell but did not reduce fasting blood glucose and glycated albumin levels in diabetic Wistar rats.

scholarly journals The supplementation effect of Red Dragon fruit’s skin extract on the fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles in male Wistar rats with diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Stefani Marietta ◽  
AAG Budhiarta ◽  
I Wayan Weta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mean Differences

Background: Flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and vitamin-C contained in the Red Dragon fruit’s skin have a positive impact on glycemic control and lipid oxidation. This study aimed to determine the effect of Red Dragon fruit’s skin extract on reducing the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and improving the lipid profile of Wistar rats with diabetes and dyslipidemia. Methods: A randomized pre-test post-test control group experimental study was done on 22 male Wistar rats, aged 2-3 months that suffered from diabetes and dyslipidemia. Subjects were divided into the control group (given 2cc distilled water + 9 mg metformin) and the treatment group (given 160 mg red dragon fruit’s skin extract + 9 mg metformin) for 14 days. FBG and lipid profile measurements were done before and after the treatment. Data were analyzed using the compare mean test. Results: There was no significant mean difference of GDP between groups before (p=0.414) and after treatment (p=0.125), total cholesterol between groups before (p = 0.572) and after treatment (p=0.361), triglycerides between groups before (p=0.073) and after treatment (p=0.111). There was a significant mean difference of HDL between groups before (p=0.003) and after treatment (p=0.047), LDL between groups before (p=0.006) and after treatment (p=0.043). Although there were significant mean differences in HDL and LDL between groups before and after treatment, the pre-post treatment of HDL and LDL mean differences showed no significant mean difference (p=0.328 and p=0.704 consecutively). Conclusion: Red Dragon fruit’s skin extract treatment did not significantly reduce the mean FBG and lipid profile levels.

scholarly journals Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) peel marmalade effectively improve blood glucose and lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Natalia Desy Putriningtyas ◽  
Intan Permatasari ◽  
Dita Oktaviani ◽  
Anastasia Servia Raha ◽  
Siti Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Polyphenols, antioxidants, dietary fiber, and vitamin contained in the red dragon fruit peel. Red dragon fruit peel can be processed into marmalade. Red dragon fruit peel marmalade has the potential to be a functional food. Functional food is food that has a physiological function based on scientific studies.Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of red dragon fruit peel marmalade on fasting blood glucose levels, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides levels of hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats.Methods: This study used a pre-&post-test control group design. Hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by 1% cholesterol powder and 0.5% cholic acid for two weeks. All groups received standard chow. Samples were grouped into five groups: K-; K+; K1 (0.94 g/kg b.wt/day); K2 (1.41 g/kg b.wt/day); K3 (1.88 g/kg b.wt/day). The intervention was carried out for 28 days. GDP level was measured using the GOD-PAP. HDL, LDL, and triglyceride were analyzed with spectrophotometry. GDP, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels were measured twice before fasting. A paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data.Results: The result showed that K-; K1; K2; K3 had a significant difference between groups before and after the intervention (p<0.05). Red dragon fruit peel Marmalade was able to reduce the levels of GDP, LDL, triglycerides, and increase HDL (p <0.05).Conclusion: Red dragon fruit peel marmalade reduced fasting blood glucose levels, LDL, triglyceride levels, and increased HDL levels of hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats.

scholarly journals The Effect of Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.) and Red Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Extract on Fasting Blood Glucose Levels of Diabetic Wistar Rats Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Yesi Warisman ◽  
Arinda Lironika Suryana ◽  
Zora Olivia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with special characteristic which increased blood glucose level (hiperglicemic), its happens because of the abnormality of insulin secretion, insulin mechanisme or both of them. Belimbing wuluh and red guava extract can become alternative functional drink that contain rich of vitamin C to help controlling blood glucose level. The aimed of this study was to determined the effect of belimbing wuluh and red guava extract on blood glucose levels of Rattus novergicus strain Wistar diabetic model. This research was an true experimental study with a randomized post-test control group design. Twentyfour (24) male wistar strain rats weighing 200-250 grams, aged 2-3 months, were divided into 4 groups. The control group (K-) non-diabetic rats, the control group (K+) diabetic rats given standard diet, and the treatment group diabetic rats given standard diet and belimbing wuluh and red guava extract intervetion doses 10,7 ml/day (P1) and 21ml/day (P2). Measurement of pretest posttest fasting blood glucose levels was carried out using biolyzer. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova test. The results showed that there were significant differences in delta pretest and posttest fasting blood glucose levels between all groups. Blood glucose levels decreased at 55.6%. In conclusion, belimbing wuluh and red guava extract 21ml/day most effectively decreased fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic wistar rats moldel.   Keywords: belimbing wuluh, blood glucose level, diabetes mellitus, red guava

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Beras Herbal Forte terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (Study of the Herbal Rice Forte Effectiveness on Decreasing Blood Glucose of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patient)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Gema Akbar Wakhidana ◽  
Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti ◽  
Ali Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Diabetes mellitus is metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by disturbances in insulin secretion or insulin activity. Herbal Forte Rice is rice synthetic material composed of main purple sweet potato and corn flour. It contains antioksidan, fiber, resistant starch and having moderate glycemic index. This study aimed to determine the effectivity of Herbal Forte Rice on decreasing blood glucose levels of patients type 2 DM. It used a cross-over design, the role of research subjects was both as control and treatment groups. Total sample of this research consisted of 60 samples. The treatment group was given Herbal Forte Rice for 7 days in 2 consecutive meals, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The results showed the average level of Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) beginning and end of the treatment group 179.76 mg/dL and 138.7 mg/dL; FBG beginning and end of the control 180.87 mg/dL and 187.63 mg/dL; 2 hours post prandial Blood Glucose (2hppBG) levels of beginning and end of the treatment group 284.37 mg/dL and 183.8 mg/dL; 2hppBG levels beginning and end of the control 280.57 mg/dL and 284.13 mg/dL. This study concludes that Herbal Forte Rice effective on decreasing blood glucose levels of patients type 2 DM.   Keywords: diabetes mellitus, Rice Herbal Forte, GDP and GD2PP  

scholarly journals Efek Abelmoschus esculentus terhadap Glukosa Darah, Superoksida Dismutase, dan Malondialdehid Rattus norvegicus Diabetes Melitus dengan Induksi Streptozotocin

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Olivia Herliani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group 2

In diabetes mellitus there is an increase in oxidative stress in which oxidants exceed the antioxidant system resulting from the production of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and/or limited antioxidant defenses. Abelmoschus esculentus (“okra”) is known as lowering blood glucose vegetable by Indonesian. A. esculentus has a high antioxidant activity that can: 1) lower H2O2 level; 2) decrease the amount of ROS; 3) lower •OH level. This study tried to prove that administration of A. esculentus may decrease fasting blood glucose, serum malondialdehyde, and increase superoxide dismutase activity of diabetic male white rats. This research is a pure experimental research, with randomized post test only control group designs, held in 28 days. Thirty one rats were divided into 4 groups randomly: KN = normal control group given 0.1% Na-CMC solution; KDM = DM control group injected with STZ, followed by 0.1% Na-CMC solution; P1 = treatment group 1 injected with STZ, followed by administration of A. esculentus at a dose of 775 mg/kgBW/day; P2 = treatment group 2 injected with STZ, followed by administration of A. esculentus at a dose of 1550 mg/kgBW/day. The result: administration of A. esculentus at doses of 775 mg/kgBW/day and 1550 mg/kgBW/day can not decrease fasting blood glucose and MDA serum level of diabetic male white rats. Giving A. esculentus at a dose of 1550 mg/kgBW/day may increase the activity of SOD erythrocytes of diabetic male white rats.. Conclusions: A. esculentus has the potential to lower blood glucose and MDA serum levels, also increase erythrocyte SOD activity.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF INDONESIAN BAY LEAVES (SYZYGIUM POLYANTHUM) EXTRACTS THROUGH DECREASING ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL ON ALLOXAN-INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIC WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Wahjuni ◽  
Aaia Mayun Laksmiwati ◽  
Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Ages Level

 Objective: Increased production of reactive oxygen species is one of the causes of hyperglycemia. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Indonesian bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) extracts as an antidiabetic agent in decreasing blood glucose and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) level of alloxan-induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats.Methods: This research is a real experimental study with pre- and post-test control group design. The study begins with the induction of hyperglycemia in 40 Wistar rats using alloxan. Subsequently, hyperglycemic rats were divided into 6 groups, namely, the positive control group (P0); the treatment group by not giving the intake of Indonesian bay leaf (P1); the treatment group was given the extract of Indonesian bay leaves (S. polyanthum) 0.5 mg/kg body weight/day (P2); treatment group given Indonesian bay leaves extract 2.0 mg/kg body weight/day (P3); treatment group given Indonesian bay leaves 5.0 mg/kg body weight/day (P4), and P5 was treatment group with glibenclamide (hyperglycemia-lowering medication).Results: In the treatment of P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 groups, it can be seen that there are decreases of blood glucose and AGEs level between pre- and post-test comparison. However, the most significant drop in mean plasma glucose level was observed at the dosage 5.0 mg kg-1 (P4).Conclusion: The administration of Indonesian bay leaf extracts at a dose of 5.0 mg/kg body weight/day have an antidiabetic effect through decreasing blood glucose and AGEs level in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY TEST USING AMLA FRUIT (PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L) EXTRACT IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED BALB/C MICE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Putu Lakustini Cahyaningrum ◽  
Sang Ayu Made Yuliari ◽  
Ida Bagus Putra Suta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: The content of secondary metabolites in amla (phyllanthus emblica L.) such as flavonoids and phenols have the potential as an antioxidant. One of the benefits of antioxidants is to prevent degenerative diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Purpose: This research to determine activity of amla fruit extract in reducing blood glucose levels at balb/c mice induced with alloxan. Methods. This research method uses a pre and posttest-controlled group design with 35 balb/c mice divided into five treatments groups. In the positive control group and the treatment group alloxan was injected for 14 days. Results: Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit extract at a dose of 40 mg / 20 g BW was equivalent to positive control of glibenclamide dose 3 mg / 20 g BW compared to the treatment group at a dose of 10 mg / 20 g BW and 20 mg /20 g BW. Conclusion: From this research, it was obtained that the best dose of Amla fruit (phylanthus emblica L) extract applied to blood glucose was 40 mg/20mg BW with a decrease percentage of 56,93% with an effective dose value (ED50) 50% of 34.00 mg / 20 g BW.

scholarly journals Combination treatment of vildagliptin and bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) extract increased pancreatic beta cells number but have no effect toward glycated albumin levels in diabetic male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Meiyati Panambunan ◽  
Wimpie Pangkahila ◽  
Anak Agung Gede Budhiarta
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a complex and progressive disease which often lead to several debilitating complications that partly caused by by free radicals which can be overcome with antioxidants. Bay leaves contain essential oils, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids which have considerable antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect combination treatment of vildagliptin and bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) extract toward pancreatic beta cells density and glycated albumin levels in diabetic male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: An experimental posttest only control group study was conducted using 36 albino male rats, aged 2-3 months, weighing 180-200 grams. The rats were divided into 2 groups (n= 18) with control group treated with 1.8mg/200g body weight vildagliptin and 2cc placebo (aquabidest) while the treatment group received 1.8mg/200g BW vildagliptin and 250 mg/200g BW bay leaves extract. All treatment lasted for 21 days. Results: The results showed that pancreatic beta cell counts in the treatment group  was significantly higher than the control group  (109.07 ± 20.47 cells/field of view vs 90.87 ± 13.91 cells/field of view; p<0.01). However, the levels of Glycated albumin between two groups were not significantly different (treatment vs control: 17.33 ± 4.51 vs 20.18 ± 4.57; p=0.068). Conclusion: This study suggested that combination treatment of vildagliptin and bay leaf extract increased pancreatic beta cells but did not reduce glycated albumin levels in diabetic male Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Pemberian ekstrak daun cincau (Mesona palustris BL) oral meningkatkan jumlah sel β pankreas dan menurunkan gula darah puasa pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Wistar diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Zahra ◽  
Anak A.G. Budhiarta ◽  
Wimpie Pangkahila
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Pancreatic Cells ◽  
Post Test

Abstract: Grass jelly leaf is a traditional Indonesian beverage that is believed to be beneficial for our health. This study was carried out to observe the increased number of pancreatic  cells and the decreased fasting blood glucose in male Wistar rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). This was a pure experimental study with a post-test only control group design. Subjects were 36 male rats divided into 2 groups: the control group (P0), given glibenclamide dose 0.09 mg /200 g rat body weight and 2 ml aquadest as placebo; and the treatment group (P1), given glibenclamide 0.09 mg/200mg rat body weight and grass jelly leaf extract 54 mg/200 mg rat body weight. Pancreatic  cell count and blood glucose examination were performed after 28 days of treatment. The results showed that the number of pancreatic  cells in the treatment group (P1) was statistically higher than of the control group (P0) (56.72±5.644 vs 29.11±2.698 cells (P ≤0.001). In addition, the fasting blood glucose level of the treatment group (P1) was statistically lower than of the control group (P0) (79.50±37.75mg/dl vs 191.00±123.15mg/dl) (P <0.001). Conclusion: The administration of grass jelly extract increased pancreatic β cells and decreased fasting blood glucose level in diabetic male rats. Keywords: grass jelly extract, fasting blood sugar, pancreatic beta cells, diabetes mellitus Abstrak: Daun cincau atau grass jelly (Mesona palustris BL) merupakan bahan minuman tradisional Indonesia yang dipercaya bermanfaat untuk kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan jumlah sel β pankreas dan penurunan kadar gula darah puasa pada tikus Wistar diabetes yang diinduksi streptozotocin (STZ). Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post-test only control group design. Subyek penelitian ialah 36 ekor tikus putih jantan, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu: kelompok kontrol (P0) yang diberikan glibenklamid oral dosis 0,09 mg/200gr BB tikus dan 2 ml aquadest sebagai plasebo; dan kelompok perlakuan (P1) yang diberikan glibenklamid oral dosis 0,09 mg/200 gr BB tikus dan ekstrak daun cincau dosis 54 mg/200gr BB tikus. Penghitungan jumlah sel β pankreas dan pengukuran gula darah dilakukan setelah 28 hari perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok perlakuan (P1) memiliki jumlah sel β pankreas yang secara statistik lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (P0) (56,72±5,644 sel/lapang pandang vs 29,11±2,698 sel/lapang pandang) (P ≤0,001). Selain itu, kelompok perlakuan (P1) memiliki kadar gula darah puasa yang secara statistik lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (P0) (79,50±37,75 mg/dl vs 191,00±123,15 mg/dl) (P <0,001). Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak daun cincau (Mesona palustris BL) meningkatkan jumlah sel β pankreas dan menurunkan kadar gula darah puasa pada tikus (Rattus novergicus) jantan galur Wistar diabetes.Kata kunci: ekstrak daun cincau, gula darah puasa, sel beta pankreas, diabetes melitus

scholarly journals Effects of Golden Sea Cucumber Extract (Stichopus Hermanii) on Fasting Blood Glucose, Plasma Insulin, and MDA Level of Male Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Induced with Streptozotocin

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Dita Sukmaya Prawitasari ◽  
Indri Safitri ◽  
Harianto Notopuro
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Plasma

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of disease that its incidence increases every year worldwide. The condition of DM can cause various complications caused by oxidative stress. Stichopus hermanii (SH) or golden sea cucumber extract contains antioxidant compounds that have been proven to reduce oxidative stress conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Stichopus hermanii extract on condition of diabetes mellitus by looking at changes in fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, and malondialdehyde levels in animal models of Wistar rats. This study was a laboratory experimental study using Randomized Control Trial Design with Post-test only control group design. Thirty-five male Wistar rats divided into five groups, i.e normal control group, positive control, negative control and two treatment groups with SH extract dose 8.5 and 17 mg / kgBW for 14 days once daily after induction of Streptozotocin at the Biochemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University. Fasting blood glucose level was measured by a glucometer, plasma insulin measured by ELISA and MDA level was measured by a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed statistically by using One Way ANOVA test and Kruskal Wallis. There were significant results of SH extract can reduce fasting blood glucose (Kruskal Wallis, p=0.030) and MDA (Kruskal Wallis, p=0.042) but not in plasma insulin (ANOVA, p=0.130). The lowest MDA level occurs in the K4 group that given SH extract dose 17 mg/kg BW than another experimental group. As the conclusion, this study showed SH extract can decrease fasting blood glucose and oxidative stress in diabetic-induced rats.

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