scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF NATIONAL SPECIAL PROGRAMME FOR FOOD SECURITY IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-229
Author(s):  
Atteh A.P
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Special Programme ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Primary Groups

The study assessed the performance of the National Special Programme for Food Security (NSPFS) in Niger State, Nigeria. A total of 180 respondents were selected using multistage sampling technique. The project sites were chosen purposively comprising of all the nine sites of NSPFS in Niger State, namely; Nassarawa, Batavovogi, Lenfa-Bororo, Gidan-Mangoro, Garam, Mankangara, Lioji, Kaboji and Shambo. The respondents were selected proportionately based on each site’s activities. Data collection lasted from 15th February, 2013 to 31st August, 2013. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentages and means, frequency distribution, performance indices computation. The results of the analysis showed that, the mean age of the beneficiaries was 47.82 years, farming experience was 30 years. The mean age for non-beneficiaries was 43.59 years, farming experience was 25 years. The results of the analysis further indicated that there was high performance in the following components: existing primary groups (100%), amount of money in the account (100%), existing modules in the site (73.53%), and loan disbursement (99.30%), based on the performance indices. Crop enterprises recorded low performance (63.61%). The study concluded that the performance of the NSPFS was high in the following components: number of primary groups existing, apex amount of money in the account, existing modules in the site, and grouping based on gender for easy accessibility, loan disbursement and farm animal enterprises. It was recommended that the NSPFS should focus more attention on mechanization, storage facilities, agro-processing, marketing, small scale irrigation, and infrastructure, because it will help the benefitting famers to actualize their pre-determined goals, it will also improve their well-being. KEYWORDS: Food, Security, Food Security, Agricultural Science

scholarly journals Impact of Adopting Improved Seeds on Access to Broader Food Groups Among Small-Scale Sorghum Producers in Tanzania

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402097999
Author(s):  
Aloyce R. Kaliba ◽  
Anne G. Gongwe ◽  
Kizito Mazvimavi ◽  
Ashagre Yigletu
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Inverse Probability Weighting ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Probability Weighting ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Inverse Probability ◽  
Double Robust

In this study, we use double-robust estimators (i.e., inverse probability weighting and inverse probability weighting with regression adjustment) to quantify the effect of adopting climate-adaptive improved sorghum varieties on household and women dietary diversity scores in Tanzania. The two indicators, respectively, measure access to broader food groups and micronutrient and macronutrient availability among children and women of reproductive age. The selection of sample households was through a multistage sampling technique, and the population was all households in the sorghum-producing regions of Central, Northern, and Northwestern Tanzania. Before data collection, enumerators took part in a 1-week training workshop and later collected data from 822 respondents using a structured questionnaire. The main results from the study show that the adoption of improved sorghum seeds has a positive effect on both household and women dietary diversity scores. Access to quality food groups improves nutritional status, food security adequacy, and general welfare of small-scale farmers in developing countries. Agricultural projects that enhance access to improved seeds are, therefore, likely to generate a positive and sustainable effect on food security and poverty alleviation in sorghum-producing regions of Tanzania.

scholarly journals Addressing the Conceptual Controversy of Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture: A Combined Perspective from Environmental Philosophy and Agri-Environmental Sciences

Philosophies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Cambareri ◽  
Joshua Grant-Young
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Environmental Philosophy ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Growing Population

During the last 20 years, agronomists, environmentalists and related researchers have conveyed the need of producing enough food to satisfy the growing population demand, with minimum environmental footprint. Under this framework, the need for a “sustainable intensification” (SI) of agriculture has arisen, being a concept deeply contested the last several years. We aim to shed some light on the matter from the point of view of both environmental philosophy and agri-environmental sciences. We found that the lack of clarity exposes the conceptual limits of SI, since its attributions are far from being extrapolated, for example, to animal production. Agricultural science should ensure that stakeholders understand the facts and implications of SI before implementing them. In addition, if understood only as either a set of practices or a sort of panacea, SI will be closer to fail for stakeholders’ expectations. Then, a key concern we have highlighted is one which should compel agri-environmental scientists and environmental philosophers alike to hold such conceptual frameworks accountable. Ensuring communities and public actors make informed choices about food security requires that shared goals between our disciplines are enacted in research, with community well-being as a core consideration of any debate regarding sustainability.

scholarly journals Wild Food Harvest, Food Security, and Biodiversity Conservation in Jamaica: A Case Study of the Millbank Farming Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donovan Campbell ◽  
Alex A. Moulton ◽  
David Barker ◽  
Tashana Malcolm ◽  
Lance Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Wild Food ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Relationship

Harvesting wild food is an important coping strategy to deal with food insecurity in farming households across the Caribbean. The practice is tightly connected to the region's unique agrarian history, food heritage, traditional cuisine, and local knowledge of wild or semidomesticated plants. In Jamaica, small-scale farmers are the chief stewards of agrobiodiversity, and their food security and well-being are often dependent on wild food harvest. Yet, there is a paucity of empirical research on the relationship between wild food use, food security, and biodiversity conservation. In this paper, we use the knowledge and lived experience of rural farmers in a remote community (Millbank) at the edge of the Blue and John Crow Mountains National Park (BJMNP) to explore the relationship between wild food harvest and food insecurity within the context of protected area management. Specifically, we seek to (1) characterize different patterns of wild food harvest; (2) examine the relationship between food insecurity and wild food harvest, and (3) explore the implications of forest conservation measures for wild food harvest. Detailed interviews were conducted with 43 farmers to capture data on food insecurity, wild food collection, livelihood satisfaction, household characteristics, farming activities, livelihood strategies, and forest resource interaction. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) was used to characterize food insecurity, while participatory techniques were used to develop indicators to assess the well-being of farmers. The results show strong evidence of a relationship between wild food harvest and food insecurity (p < 0.001). Overall, the findings support the importance of wild foods to the well-being of rural households and provide empirical evidence for its inclusion in food security, poverty, and biodiversity conservation policies.

scholarly journals A Pre-Experimental Study to Assess the Effect of Psycho-social Nursing Intervention on Happiness and Psychological Well Being among Adolescents in Selected Schools of Amritsar, Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Rimplepreet Kaur ◽  
Sukhbir Kaur ◽  
Gurjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Adolescents are tomorrow’s adult population, and their health and well being are crucial. Over the past few decades, adolescents are increasingly experiencing mental health challenges. As in schools, adolescent’s happiness and psychological well being has become a more important topic among their parents and teachers. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of psycho-social nursing intervention on happiness and psychological well being among adolescents at selected schools of Amritsar. A Pre experimental study (one group pretest and post test) was conducted on 60 adolescents studying in public schools of Amritsar selected by purposive sampling technique. The adolescents were allocated into three groups of 20 each. 12 sessions (5 sessions / week) of psycho-social nursing intervention were given to each group for 1 hour duration. Data was collected by administering standardized happiness and psychological well being questionnaire. The result of the study revealed that the mean post-test happiness score was higher (84.83±12.12) than pre test mean score of happiness (50.70±8.67) and was found to be statistically significant (t=20.30, df=59, p=0.000**). The mean post-test psychological well being score was higher (174.63±28.01) than pre-test mean score of psychological well being (97.18±22.71) and was found to be statistically significant (t=20.61, df=59, p=0.001*) but there was no significant association was found between pretest and post-test score of level of happiness and psychological well being with selected demographic variables. The study concluded that psycho-social nursing intervention was effective to improve the level of happiness and psychological well being among adolescents studying at selected public schools of Amritsar. Key words: psycho-social nursing intervention, happiness, psychological well being, adolescents, school.

scholarly journals CONSCIENTIOUSNESS AND PARANOID IDEATION AS PREDICTORS OF WORKPLACE HOSTILITY AMONG UNIVERSITY NON-ACADEMIC STAFF

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M Oguegbe ◽  
M.I. Okeke ◽  
G. C. Dibia
Keyword(s):  
Academic Staff ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Workplace Interventions ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Workplace Hostility

Industralization in Africa is believed to be marred by certain workplace behaviours that are anti productive with a tendency of jeopardizing the economy of a nation and its sustenance, especially in Nigeria. This study examines conscientiousness and paranoid ideation as predictors of workplace hostility among university non-academic staff. 210 non-academic staff, comprising 98 (47%) males and 112 (53%) females who were randomly selected through the simple random sampling technique from Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, were used as participants for the study. The ages of the participants ranged between 25 and 61, with the mean age of 35 and standard deviation of 9.56. The Symptom Distress Checklist (SCL-90) by L.R. Derogatis, R.S Lipman & L. Covi (1977) and Big Five Inventory (BFI) by O.P. John, & R.L. Kentle (1991) were used for data collection. A correlational design was adopted and multiple regression analysis was employed to analyze the data collected. Two hypotheses were tested in the study. The first hypothesis, which stated that conscientiousness will significantly predict workplace hostility among university non-academic staff, was not significant at p>.05 and so, was not accepted. The second hypothesis which stated that paranoid ideation will significantly predict workplace hostility among university non-academic staff was significant at p<.05 and so, confirmed. Based on the findings, it is recommended that workplace interventions, in the form of ombudsmen or industrial psychologists, be engaged in organizations to mediate workplace behaviours that are inimical to organizational well-being, productivity and effectiveness for better industrialization in Africa

The benefits of exotic food crops cultivated by small-scale growers in the UK

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kell ◽  
A. Rosenfeld ◽  
S. Cunningham ◽  
S. Dobbie ◽  
N. Maxted
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Uk

AbstractExotic crops—plant species grown in relatively small quantities and not traditionally cultivated in a country or region—are often intimately linked with the ethnic origins of their maintainers and are a principal source of culinary and nutritional diversity for many people. Recognizing that a wealth of exotic crop diversity and associated knowledge is held by small-scale growers in the UK, Garden Organic initiated the Sowing New Seeds project to capture and preserve some of this valuable resource by building a seed collection and knowledge base. To establish a sample of this diversity and knowledge, we undertook a survey at 31 allotment sites in the Midlands region of the UK with the objectives of identifying the exotic crops cultivated, characterizing the demography of those who grow them, understanding their direct use values, and assessing their potential indirect use value for the diversification and improvement of other crops. Results reveal that 26% of the food crops recorded are exotic and that they are grown by people belonging to 13 different ethnic groups. The majority save their own seed, indicating that these crops are performing well in the UK, with grower selection providing the basis for their continuing success. Further, most maintainers swap seed with other growers, indicating that exotic crops are likely to be gradually diversifying in response to different growing conditions—a positive sign for their value for local food security and as national genetic resources with potential for use in crop improvement programs. The research highlights the multitude of benefits that growers obtain through cultivating exotic crops, which are not only related to nutrition and culinary requirements, but also to general health and well-being, culture, and a range of other forms of life enrichment. It is critical that growers are encouraged and supported in continuing to cultivate, save and pass on their exotic crops to younger generations, as well as to protect allotments from development in order to maintain this important diversity adapted to local growing conditions. Importantly, many exotic crops currently grown on a small scale may enter into commerce, and thus expand the diversity of the UK's food crop base. Such a shift may be particularly important in the face of the increasingly detrimental impacts of climate change on crop production. We conclude that exotic crop diversity could be more important for future nutrition, health and food security than we currently appreciate.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Future Farm Size in Grasscutter Production in Osun State, Nigeria: A Markov Chain Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. S. Olatidoye ◽  
A. D. Kehinde ◽  
T. Alimi
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mean

Aim: The study investigated the prospects of increasing Grasscutter production and projecting the future farm size of its production in the study area. Specifically described socio-economi characteristics and some management practices of the respondents, assessed and predicted the pattern of change and the equilibrium farm size of the Grasscutter enterprise in the study area, examined the costs and returns to grasscutter production and examined the relationships between gross margin and some selected socio-economic characteristics. Study Design: A simple random sampling technique was employed in selecting 60% of the total population of registered grasscutter farmers. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Osun State, Nigeria between years 2016 and 2017. Methodology: Primary data were collected through a well-structured questionnaire administration from the three agricultural zones in the State. Twenty four Grasscutter farmers each were randomly selected from each of the agricultural zones. Data were collected on demographics of grasscutter farmers, production activities in terms of inputs, outputs and their respective prices for the years 2016 and 2017. Data were analyzed through Descriptive statistics, Markov chain, Gross margin and Pearson r test of correlation. Results: The study revealed that male respondents (85%) dominated Grasscutter production in the study area while the mean age of respondents was 43 years. Majority (97%) of the respondents had formal education with an average grassutter farming experience of 11 years while the mean flock size was 2.5 colonies. The gross margin results showed that grasscutter production had a profit margin of ₦11,333.33/respondent/month. The mean grasscutter farm size revealed an upward trend in farm size until the year 2025 and thereafter stabilizes at about 3.3 colonies of grasscutter farm size.  The correlation analysis showed significant relationship between gross margin and level of education and farming experience with r-values of 0.817 and 0.697 respectively.  Conclusion: Grasscutter production, though in small scale, is profitable in the study area and the grasscutter farmers in the study area have great potential to boost local production

The impacts of refugee repatriation on receiving communities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Ruiz ◽  
Carlos Vargas-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Land Access ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Adult Member

Abstract Using longitudinal data from Burundi, we explore the consequences of refugee repatriation for stayee households in a context in which returnees faced restrictions on economic activities and mobility while abroad. We use geographical features of the receiving communities, including altitude and distance to the border, for identification. We find that a 1 percentage point increase in the local share of the population accounted for by returnees leads to a reduction in the livestock of stayee households which is equivalent to 1 fowl per adult member or a 5% with respect to the mean. A higher share of returnees in a community also leads to less land access, lower subjective well-being and higher food insecurity for stayees. The negative effects on subjective well-being and food security disappear over the rounds of the survey (5 years), likely as a consequence of stayee households adjusting their economic activities in response to the presence of returnees.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Participation of NGOs and Cities of Mashhad in the Field of Social and Cultural Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 403-410
Author(s):  
Maryam Eskafi ◽  
◽  
Reza Abbaspour ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Interaction Type ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Health And Well Being

Background: The Iranian society should appreciate health and well-being, food security, and social security in 2026. It is strongly related to the tasks of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs), concerning its extent. Therefore, this research aimed to identify fundamental factors in the active involvement of NGOs and the Mashhad municipality, in sociocultural programs. Methods: This research used a qualitative approach. Also, the statistical population included the NGOs that have at least once cooperated with the municipality. The study sample recruited using a purposeful sampling technique. The collected data were generated through the design of triangulation. Subsequently, 159 concepts, 40 subcategories, and 18 items were obtained. Results: The results indicated that the maximum mutual participation is the only interaction type that could fully satisfy both the municipality and NGOs. Conclusion: A misleading, slogan-based, result-oriented participation exists between these organizations, because the principles of involvement are not observed.

Debate on the linkages between large-scale agriculture and farmers food security: Examples from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 194277862110191
Author(s):  
Gezahegn Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Directed Development

This article critically contributes to the debate on private large-scale agriculture for export crop production as a means to address the problem of food security in Ethiopia. The reviewed literature was identified by combining relevant keywords. The consumer price index and rainfall pattern, food gaps and affected population were calculated and presented using Microsoft Excel software. The paper argues that although private large-scale agriculture has opportunities in terms of employment generation, income and national-level growth, it poses risks to small-scale farmers’ food security. Loss of access to agricultural land and exposure to market risks endanger their food and livelihood security. The analysis suggests that both large-scale and small-scale agriculture is not a viable means to effectively reduce Ethiopia’s complex food insecurity and hunger. Improving food production for local consumption through transforming small-scale farms to medium-sized labour-intensive farms coupled with investment in manufacturing and building social protection through the adoption of well-intentioned state-directed development interventions that care about the well-being of individuals and households is needed.

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