scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF MODIFIED RISK FACTORS OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AMONG THE POPULATION OF CHINA AND UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1108-1116
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav M. Zhdan ◽  
Iryna A. Holovanova ◽  
Maksim V. Khorosh ◽  
Mariia M. Tovstiak ◽  
Andriy M. Zinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Modern World ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: In the modern world, the problem of non-communicable diseases, which nowadays constitute the main cause of social and economic losses, is extremely topical: the main causes of disability and mortality of the working population are caused by non-communicable diseases. The aim is a comparative analysis of the prevalence and dynamics of the risk factors of the NCDs, and the overall mortality rate between the economically developed country - China and the developing country - Ukraine. Materials and methods: To achieve the set goal, the method of data analysis was used - the alignment of dynamic rows with the definition of increasing rates, the determination of reliability between two unrelated aggregates, triangulation. Material: annual reports of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Review: As a result of the study, it was found that with the tendency to reduce the mortality rate, the mortality rate in Ukraine exceeds the rate in China, especially among men (2.5-3 times); the percentage of smoking is 6 times higher among Ukrainian women; an increase in malnutrition is observed in Ukraine, while in China it is constantly decreasing; in both countries there is an increase in the frequency of obesity in both sexes, but in Ukraine the prevalence is 4-6 times higher. Conclusions: Thus, using the obtained data, one can conclude that, despite the difference in the level of economic development between countries, behavioral risk factors remain an extremely important problem.

scholarly journals Burden of non-communicable diseases and behavioral risk factors in Albania

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Burazeri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Proportional Mortality ◽  
Albanian Population

Abstract About 85% of the overall burden of disease in Albania is attributable to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases. Furthermore, NCDs account for about 94% of proportional mortality in the Albanian population. The three main risk factors responsible for the disease burden in the Albanian population include arterial hypertension, nutritional-related risks, and smoking. High systolic blood pressure accounts for about one-third of the overall mortality rate in Albania. In turn, dietary risks account for about 30% of the total mortality rate and about 15% of the overall burden of disease in Albania. Conversely, the proportional mortality attributable to smoking is about 16%. Smoking epidemics affects predominantly Albanian males and this trend is likely to increase. The proportion of Albanian females who smoke is still quite small (less than 10%) compared with other countries in the region, but female smoking is considered be steadily increasing. Differences in smoking prevalence amongst males from different socio-economic strata are not significant, whereas among females significant socio-economic differences are noted. Smoking epidemics in the future are expected to demonstrate large socioeconomic differences with lower social classes in both sexes smoking the most. Similar to other countries, actions and measures for tackling NCDs in Albania should include promotion of healthy nutrition; promotion of physical activity; and antismoking policies starting with school age children and have a gender specific component targeting different settings, enhanced by the intensive use of social media.

scholarly journals Prevention of noncommunicable diseases: from risk factors to the national programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Rimma A. Potemkina ◽  
Larisa A. Mylnikova ◽  
Natalia N. Kamynina ◽  
Oksana A. Pivovarova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction. High mortality from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) leads to significant economic losses, both direct associated with increasing costs for the health system and indirect associated with a decrease in labour potential due to disability and premature mortality of the population. It is known that the same risk factors (RF) determine the occurrence of major chronic diseases. To reduce mortality rates, it is necessary to change the population’s risk profile to reduce the prevalence of RF. Goal. To identify the health effects of major non-communicable diseases in Russia by monitoring risk factors. Objectives: 1. Determine the structure and weight of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. 2. Study systems for monitoring the risk factors of non-communicable diseases. 3. Analyse international and domestic experiences in the prevention of major non-communicable diseases. Material and methods. Statistical compilations by Rosstat, Ministry of Health of Russia. Medline database was used to find some sources. Results. The creation of an evidence-based health policy and strategy is based on a well-organized, reliable information system. Monitoring the NCD RF by regularly examining representative samples using standard methods is critical for such a system. Regular assessment of the population’s risk profile allows tracking the dynamics of health indicators and predicting mortality rates. Monitoring RF can assess the effectiveness of health care and population-based prevention programs in the regions and the country as a whole. Conclusions. In addition to the influence of lifestyle and the physical and social environment, the health of the population depends on many components: the principles of the organization of the health system, it’s financing, and, to a large extent, on the standard of living of the population, income and their distribution in society. On this basis, health problems associated with various socio-economic, environmental and other living conditions of the population should be addressed jointly by many sectors and departments by creating a supportive physical and social environment for a healthy lifestyle of the population.

scholarly journals The prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases in Afghan refugees in southern Iran: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Taherifard ◽  
Mohammad Javad Moradian ◽  
Ehsan Taherifard ◽  
Abdolrasool Hemmati ◽  
Behnaz Rastegarfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Southern Iran

Abstract Background Refugees are highly vulnerable to many health-related risks. Monitoring non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is of overriding importance in these populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs amongst Afghan refugees in a refugee camp located in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional sturdy was conducted in 2018. Risk factors such as inadequate nutrition, physical inactivity, tobacco smoking, obesity and overweight, hypertension (HTN), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and dyslipidaemia were assessed. Data were gathered with a modified WHO STEPS procedure. Prevalence and age-standardized prevalence and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results The estimated prevalence were 94% for inadequate fruit/vegetable consumption, 18% for physical inactivity, 9% for tobacco smoking, 3% for FPG, 20% for HTN, 51% for central obesity, 24% for overweight, 19% for obesity, and 69% for dyslipidaemia. Conclusions Except for inadequate fruit and vegetable intake and dyslipidaemia, the prevalence of other NCD risk factors was low among Afghan refugees in Iran. Raising awareness about healthy diet and its importance and the provision of more affordable fruit and vegetables are two effective measures toward improving the health of refugees in Iran.

scholarly journals Effects of Behavioral Risk Factors and Social-Environmental Factors on Non-Communicable Diseases in South Korea: A National Survey Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Nam Jeong Jeong ◽  
Eunil Park ◽  
Angel P. del Pobil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Social Environmental Factors

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are one of the major health threats in the world. Thus, identifying the factors that influence NCDs is crucial to monitor and manage diseases. This study investigates the effects of social-environmental and behavioral risk factors on NCDs as well as the effects of social-environmental factors on behavioral risk factors using an integrated research model. This study used a dataset from the 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After filtering incomplete responses, 5462 valid responses remained. Items including one’s social-environmental factors (household income, education level, and region), behavioral factors (alcohol use, tobacco use, and physical activity), and NCDs histories were used for analyses. To develop a comprehensive index of each factor that allows comparison between different concepts, the researchers assigned scores to indicators of the factors and calculated a ratio of the scores. A series of path analyses were conducted to determine the extent of relationships among NCDs and risk factors. The results showed that social-environmental factors have notable effects on stroke, myocardial infarction, angina, diabetes, and gastric, liver, colon, lung, and thyroid cancers. The results indicate that the effects of social-environmental and behavioral risk factors on NCDs vary across the different types of diseases. The effects of social-environmental factors and behavioral risk factors significantly affected NCDs. However, the effect of social-environmental factors on behavioral risk factors was not supported. Furthermore, social-environmental factors and behavioral risk factors affect NCDs in a similar way. However, the effects of behavioral risk factors were smaller than those of social-environmental factors. The current research suggests taking a comprehensive view of risk factors to further understand the antecedents of NCDs in South Korea.

scholarly journals Non-communicable diseases’ risk factors in Iran; a review of the present status and action plans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Azadnajafabad ◽  
Esmaeil Mohammadi ◽  
Arya Aminorroaya ◽  
Nima Fattahi ◽  
Shahabeddin Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals The Implementation of Childhood Obesity Related Policy Interventions in Malaysia—A Non Communicable Diseases Scorecard Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5950
Author(s):  
Wilfred Kok Hoe Mok ◽  
Noran Naqiah Hairi ◽  
Caryn Mei Hsien Chan ◽  
Feisul Idzwan Mustapha ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

(1) Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has increased tremendously in the ASEAN region, including Malaysia. In Malaysia, the National Strategic Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases (2015–2025) provides the overall framework for its response to the non-communicable diseases (NCD) epidemic. Preventing childhood obesity is one of the key strategies for early intervention to prevent NCDs. The objective of this research is to examine the current status of policy interventions in addressing childhood obesity in Malaysia. (2) Methods: A panel of 22 stakeholders and experts from Malaysia, representing the government, industry, academia and non-governmental organizations, were sampled using a modified Delphi technique. Data were collected using a modified NCD scorecard under four domains (governance, risk factors, surveillance and research and health systems response). A heat map was used to measure the success of the four realms of the NCD scorecard. For each domain of the NCD scorecard, the final score was grouped in quintiles. (3) Results: A total of 22 participants responded, comprising of eight (36.4%) males and 14 (63.4%) females. All the domains measured in implementing policies related to childhood obesity were of low progress. Nine governance indicators were reported as 22.5% (low progress), four in the risk factors domain, and two in the surveillance. This shows that timely and accurate monitoring, participatory review and evaluation, and effective remedies are necessary for a country’s surveillance system. (4) Conclusion: Although Malaysia has published several key strategic documents relating to childhood obesity and implemented numerous policy interventions, we have identified several gaps that must be addressed to leverage the whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach in addressing childhood obesity in the country.

‘I think one of the ways they will help is to create awareness’: primary school teachers’ perceptions of cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Kingsley Udeh ◽  
Candidus Nwakasi ◽  
John Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

The increasing incidence and prevalence of non-communicable diseases is a major global health concern. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for the highest percentage of deaths related to non-communicable diseases, and low and middle-income countries (LMIC) face the highest burden of CVDs. Understanding the knowledge and perception of CVDs and their risk factors in an LMIC such as Nigeria may play an important role in cardiovascular health promotion and improvement plans to reduce CVD-related deaths. A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews to gain an in-depth understanding of some personal and sociocultural views on CVDs and their risk factors. The participants were purposively sampled primary school teachers in South-Eastern Nigeria. Thematic analysis approach was used for data analysis. The study findings include knowledge of heart disease, perceived causes and risk factors of CVDs, spirituality, and the way forward. Overall, the knowledge of CVDs in the setting was found to be related to the psychosocial nature of the participants; the effectiveness of any intervention needs to take these factors into consideration. For example, health policies for CVD health education and awareness should be tailored to address some of the issues of belief, values, and religion, as mentioned in the study.

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