scholarly journals Prevention of noncommunicable diseases: from risk factors to the national programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Rimma A. Potemkina ◽  
Larisa A. Mylnikova ◽  
Natalia N. Kamynina ◽  
Oksana A. Pivovarova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction. High mortality from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) leads to significant economic losses, both direct associated with increasing costs for the health system and indirect associated with a decrease in labour potential due to disability and premature mortality of the population. It is known that the same risk factors (RF) determine the occurrence of major chronic diseases. To reduce mortality rates, it is necessary to change the population’s risk profile to reduce the prevalence of RF. Goal. To identify the health effects of major non-communicable diseases in Russia by monitoring risk factors. Objectives: 1. Determine the structure and weight of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. 2. Study systems for monitoring the risk factors of non-communicable diseases. 3. Analyse international and domestic experiences in the prevention of major non-communicable diseases. Material and methods. Statistical compilations by Rosstat, Ministry of Health of Russia. Medline database was used to find some sources. Results. The creation of an evidence-based health policy and strategy is based on a well-organized, reliable information system. Monitoring the NCD RF by regularly examining representative samples using standard methods is critical for such a system. Regular assessment of the population’s risk profile allows tracking the dynamics of health indicators and predicting mortality rates. Monitoring RF can assess the effectiveness of health care and population-based prevention programs in the regions and the country as a whole. Conclusions. In addition to the influence of lifestyle and the physical and social environment, the health of the population depends on many components: the principles of the organization of the health system, it’s financing, and, to a large extent, on the standard of living of the population, income and their distribution in society. On this basis, health problems associated with various socio-economic, environmental and other living conditions of the population should be addressed jointly by many sectors and departments by creating a supportive physical and social environment for a healthy lifestyle of the population.

scholarly journals Mortality from respiratory infections and chronic non-communicable diseases before the COVID-19 pandemic in Cali, Colombia.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo Bravo Ocaña ◽  
Paola Collazos ◽  
Elvia Karina Grillo Ardila ◽  
Luz Stella García ◽  
Erquinovaldo Millán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Introduction: The COVID-19 disease pandemic is a health emergency. Older people and those with chronic noncommunicable diseases are more likely to develop serious illnesses, equire ventilatory support, and die from complications. Objective: To establish deaths from respiratory infections and some chronic non-communicable diseases that occurred in Cali, before the SARS-CoV-2 disease pandemic. Methods: During the 2003-2019 period, 207,261 deaths were registered according to the general mortality database of the Municipal Secretary of Health of Cali. Deaths were coded with the International Classification of Diseases and causes of death were grouped according to WHO guidelines. Rates were standardized by age and are expressed per 100,000 people-year. Results: A direct relationship was observed between aging and mortality from respiratory infections and chronic non-communicable diseases. Age-specific mortality rates were highest in those older than 80 years for all diseases evaluated. Seasonal variation was evident in respiratory diseases in the elderly. Comments: Estimates of mortality rates from respiratory infections and chronic non-communicable diseases in Cali provide the baseline that will serve as a comparison to estimate the excess mortality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Health authorities and decision makers should be guided by reliable estimates of mortality and of the proportion of infected people who die from SARS-CoV-2 virus infection.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF MODIFIED RISK FACTORS OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AMONG THE POPULATION OF CHINA AND UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1108-1116
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav M. Zhdan ◽  
Iryna A. Holovanova ◽  
Maksim V. Khorosh ◽  
Mariia M. Tovstiak ◽  
Andriy M. Zinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Modern World ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: In the modern world, the problem of non-communicable diseases, which nowadays constitute the main cause of social and economic losses, is extremely topical: the main causes of disability and mortality of the working population are caused by non-communicable diseases. The aim is a comparative analysis of the prevalence and dynamics of the risk factors of the NCDs, and the overall mortality rate between the economically developed country - China and the developing country - Ukraine. Materials and methods: To achieve the set goal, the method of data analysis was used - the alignment of dynamic rows with the definition of increasing rates, the determination of reliability between two unrelated aggregates, triangulation. Material: annual reports of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Review: As a result of the study, it was found that with the tendency to reduce the mortality rate, the mortality rate in Ukraine exceeds the rate in China, especially among men (2.5-3 times); the percentage of smoking is 6 times higher among Ukrainian women; an increase in malnutrition is observed in Ukraine, while in China it is constantly decreasing; in both countries there is an increase in the frequency of obesity in both sexes, but in Ukraine the prevalence is 4-6 times higher. Conclusions: Thus, using the obtained data, one can conclude that, despite the difference in the level of economic development between countries, behavioral risk factors remain an extremely important problem.

scholarly journals Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases in South Asia – A Clinical Review

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Salehuddin ◽  
Mamrun Nahar Choudhury ◽  
Neena Islam ◽  
Md Zillur Rhaman ◽  
Shantonu Kumar Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Impact

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases are on the rise in South East Asia Region (SEAR). NCDs account for nearly 54% of the deaths, significant amount of disabilities and huge socioeconomic losses in countries of SEAR. NCDs are caused by a set of behavioural risk factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical activity and unhealthy diet (high in salt, sugar and fat and low in fruits and vegetables) and biological risk factors like raised blood pressure, raised blood sugar and impaired cholesterol levels and others.South Asia is experiencing urbanization, with widening incme and social inequities. The impact of noncommunicable diseases on the rich and the poor are likely to be different, in terms of both the principal causes and manifestations. As the rich are likely to reconnise their risk earlier and seek medical attention, they will develop chronic but manageable disease; as the poor are likely to be less aware of their risk and less able to access medical care, they will develop rapidly progressive disease with early and sudden fatal outcomes To challenge to public health is to anticipate and avert an epidemic of non-communicable diseases.NCDs risk factors can be reduced with existing knowledge through cost- effective policies and programmes, Establishment of surveillance systems for non-communicable diseases and their risk factors is essential for developing prevention strategies and monitoring the impact of control programmes.Key Words: Non-communicable diseases; South Asia; Risk factors; BurdenDOI: 10.3329/uhj.v6i2.7255University Heart Journal Vol. 6, No. 2, July 2010 pp.97-102

Gender-specific behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in adolescent children

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
S. A. Ushakova ◽  
◽  
A. D. Petrushina ◽  
S. M. Klyashev ◽  
O. Yu. Khalidullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Gender Characteristics

Aim. To study the gender characteristics of such behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases as low physical activity and sedentary behavior in adolescent children. Materials and methods. A single-stage clinical study of a specially organized sample of older adolescent children aged 15-17 years (a decreed group for preventive medical examinations) living in urban and rural areas of the Tyumen region was performed in order to study the frequency of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDS). Results. Gender differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of behavioral NCDS in older adolescent children: Smoking for boys, low physical activity among girls. Low physical activity and Smoking were more common among urban girls compared to rural girls of the same age. Conclusion. The established gender characteristics of the frequency of occurrence of controlled NCDS in urban and rural children are the basis for planning and optimizing primary prevention in medical organizations that provide primary health care, including the organization of a modern model of school-oriented health care.

scholarly journals RISK FACTOR PROFILE OF CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN DIFFERENT OBESITY PHENOTYPES

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
ALBINA R. NURIEVA ◽  
◽  
ALBINA V. SINEGLAZOVA ◽  
TAISIYA YU. KIM ◽  
SWAPNIL PARVE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Risk Factor Profile

To study the features of modifiable biological and behavioral risk factors of chronic noncommunicable diseases in individuals with different metabolic phenotypes.

scholarly journals Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases (ROPNIZ). Alimentary-dependent risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases and eating habits: dietary correction within the framework of preventive counseling. Methodological Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2952
Author(s):  
O. M. Drapkina ◽  
N. S. Karamnova ◽  
A. V. Kontsevaya ◽  
B. E. Gorny ◽  
V. A. Dadaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Medical Prevention ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

The methodological guidelines are developed as a practical document for medical specialists working in the field of preventive medicine, in order to expand and improve the provision of this type of medical service to the adult population. The methodological guidelines include an informational and informative part for medical specialists and a practical part for patients, presented in the format of memos, contain the main sections-healthy nutrition, correction of eating habits, issues of modifying the diet for the main alimentary-dependent risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases, such as arterial hypertension, obesity, disorders of lipid, carbohydrate and purine metabolism, a decrease in bone mineral density. They are intended for medical specialists working in the field of prevention, for doctors and secondary medical personnel of offices and departments of medical prevention, public health and medical prevention centers, healthy lifestyle specialists, teachers of medical educational institutions, for specialists who develop and implement educational programs for patients, as well as for medical specialists of a therapeutic profile.

scholarly journals Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases Among Residents of a Remote Settlement in the Transbaikal Region of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gaisenok
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Transbaikal Region ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction: Over a quarter of the population of the Russian Federation resides in rural communities. However, the data on chronic disease rates in these communities are limited, which makes screening for chronic diseases extremely important. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases among residents of a remote settlement in the Transbaikal region, Russian Federation.Methods: A sample of residents from the Transbaikal region settlement was screened in August 2017. The screening included a survey to determine the frequency of self-reported chronic diseases as well as sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors. Additionally, vascular stiffness was measured by volumetric sphygmography using the VaSera-1500 device. Descriptive statistics have been used for data analysis.Results: 126 residents were screened for this study. The prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors were: hypertension (56.3%), gastrointestinal diseases (33.3%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (13.5%), smoking (35.7%), obesity (19.1%), and diabetes mellitus (6.3%). Pathological vascular changes typical of atherosclerosis were found by volumetric sphygmography in 17.5% of cases, with 5.5% of those cases corresponding to significant forms of severe peripheral atherosclerosis (ABI<0.9). An analysis of mortality causes for this settlement for 2016-2017 found that cardiovascular diseases accounted for over 50% of the total number of deaths.Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of detectable chronic non-communicable diseases and their associated risk factors. Cardiovascular diseases were the main cause of mortality. Active prevention programs and screenings are required to reduce the burden of chronic diseases in this region.

scholarly journals The prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases in Afghan refugees in southern Iran: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Taherifard ◽  
Mohammad Javad Moradian ◽  
Ehsan Taherifard ◽  
Abdolrasool Hemmati ◽  
Behnaz Rastegarfar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Southern Iran

Abstract Background Refugees are highly vulnerable to many health-related risks. Monitoring non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is of overriding importance in these populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs amongst Afghan refugees in a refugee camp located in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional sturdy was conducted in 2018. Risk factors such as inadequate nutrition, physical inactivity, tobacco smoking, obesity and overweight, hypertension (HTN), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and dyslipidaemia were assessed. Data were gathered with a modified WHO STEPS procedure. Prevalence and age-standardized prevalence and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results The estimated prevalence were 94% for inadequate fruit/vegetable consumption, 18% for physical inactivity, 9% for tobacco smoking, 3% for FPG, 20% for HTN, 51% for central obesity, 24% for overweight, 19% for obesity, and 69% for dyslipidaemia. Conclusions Except for inadequate fruit and vegetable intake and dyslipidaemia, the prevalence of other NCD risk factors was low among Afghan refugees in Iran. Raising awareness about healthy diet and its importance and the provision of more affordable fruit and vegetables are two effective measures toward improving the health of refugees in Iran.

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