RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CERVICAL CANCER AND THE LEVEL OF PREVENTIVE ONCOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1428-1432
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav M. Zhdan ◽  
Iryna A. Holovanova ◽  
Orest Ya. Vovk ◽  
Maksym V. Korosh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Prognostic Variables ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
The Relationship

The aim: Of this study is to determine the relationship between the development of cervical cancer and the level ofconducting of preventive oncological examinations. To identify risk factors of cervical cancer, we considered seven prognostic variables, that are associated with the development of cervical cancer. Matherials and methods: We conducted a survey of 120 women, among them 40 (33.3%) women had a confirmed diagnosis of cervical cancer, and 80 (66.7%) women were healthy. Results: We find, that factors that increase risk of cervical canser is age after 40 years increases the chances of cervical cancer by 14 times; untimely medical examinations increase by 5,4 times; the number of sexual partners, more than 4 - in 6 times. Conclusions: A comprehensive medical and social study has established a reliable relationship between the development of cervical cancer and the level of preventive cancer examinations.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Papanicolaou Smears and Clinical Features to Identify the Common Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer: a Retrospective and Descriptive Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital in Trinidad

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Umakanthan ◽  
Saudah Ghany ◽  
La Donna Gay ◽  
Tia Gilkes ◽  
Jamila Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer, the fourth most frequent cancer in women, is associated with the human papilloma virus (HPV). This study focuses on identifying any risk factors and clinical findings for abnormal cervical cytology and histopathology in relation to the Trinidad and Tobago population. Some risk factors include early age of first coitus, high number of sexual partners, high parity, smoking, and use of certain medications such as oral contraception. This study is aimed to identify the significance of Papanicolaou (pap) smears and to identify the common risk factors that contribute to the development of premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. Method: A three-year retrospective, descriptive study of cervical cancer was conducted at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex to assess the risk factors and clinical findings using cervical cytology and histopathology data of patients with premalignant lesions. The subject population included 215 female patients aged 18 years and older who had the following documented abnormal cervical cytology: (ASCUS), ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL, Atypical Glandular cells, HPV, Adenocarcinoma, Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Histopathology records were analysed for thirty-three of these patients. Patients’ information were recorded on data collection sheets adapted from the North Central Regional Health Authority’s cytology laboratory standardised reporting format request form (Appendix I). Results and findings: The data were analysed via Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software edition 23 using frequency tables and descriptive analysis. The sample mean age of the population was 36.7 years, first age of coitus was 18.1 years, number of sexual partners was 3.8 and number of live births was 2. LSIL was the most popular abnormal finding, 32.6 %, followed by HSIL, 28.8% and ASCUS, 27.4%. Most histopathological reports resulted in CIN I and II.Conclusion: The major risk factors observed for cytology abnormalities and premalignant lesions were early age of coitus, high number of sexual partners, and no use of contraception.Patients mostly presented as asymptomatic despite obtaining abnormal cytology results. Hence, regular pap smear screening should continue to be highly encouraged.

scholarly journals Distribution of human papillomavirus types, cervical cancer screening history, and risk factors for infection in Manitoba

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Demers ◽  
B. Shearer ◽  
A. Severini ◽  
R. Lotocki ◽  
E.V. Kliewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hpv Typing ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Screening History

Objectives We conducted a study to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in an opportunistic sample of women in Manitoba, Canada. We inquired about risk factors associated with HPV infections and linked the HPV typing results with the cervical cancer screening history of the participants. Methods The study population included 592 women attending Papanicolaou (Pap) test clinics. After signing a consent form, participants were given a self-administered questionnaire on risk factors and received a conventional Pap test. Residual cells from the Pap tests were collected and sent for HPV typing. Results The mean age of the population was 43 years. A total of 115 participants (19.4%) had an HPV infection, 89 of whom had a normal Pap test. Of those who were HPV-positive, 61 (10.3%) had high-risk (Group 1) HPV. HPV-16 was the most prevalent type (15/115: 13.0% of infections). The most consistent risk factors for HPV infection were young age, Aboriginal ethnicity, higher lifetime number of sexual partners and higher number of sexual partners in the previous year. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV types in Manitoba is consistent with the distributions reported in other jurisdictions. These data provide baseline information on type-specific HPV prevalence in an unvaccinated population and can be useful in evaluating the effectiveness of the HPV immunization program. An added benefit is in the validation of a proof of concept which links a population-based Pap registry to laboratory test results and a risk behaviour survey to assess early and late outcomes of HPV infection. This methodology could be applied to other jurisdictions across Canada where such capacities exist.

scholarly journals The relationship between chronic diseases and number of sexual partners: an exploratory analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grabovac ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Pinar Soysal ◽  
Nicola Veronese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifetime Number ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundWe investigated sex-specific associations between lifetime number of sexual partners and several health outcomes in a large sample of older adults in England.MethodsWe used cross-sectional data from 2537 men and 3185 women aged ≥50 years participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Participants reported the number of sexual partners they had had in their lifetime. Outcomes were self-rated health and self-reported limiting long-standing illness, cancer, coronary heart disease, and stroke. We used logistic regression to analyse associations between lifetime number of sexual partners and health outcomes, adjusted for relevant sociodemographic and health-related covariates.ResultsHaving had 10 or more lifetime sexual partners was associated with higher odds of reporting a diagnosis of cancer than having had 0–1 sexual partners in men (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.83) and women (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.04 to 3.51), respectively. Women who had 10 or more lifetime sexual partners also had higher odds of reporting a limiting long-standing illness (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.35). No other statistically significant associations were observed.ConclusionsA higher lifetime number of sexual partners is associated with increased odds of reported cancer. Longitudinal research is required to establish causality. Understanding the predictive value of lifetime number of sexual partners as a behavioural risk factor may improve clinical assessment of cancer risk in older adults.

The Sexual Double Standard in the Real World

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Marks ◽  
Tara M. Young ◽  
Yuliana Zaikman
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
Sexual Double Standard ◽  
Female Friend ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The sexual double standard (SDS) has traditionally been studied by examining evaluations of hypothetical targets. Although much knowledge has been gained regarding the SDS by using this methodology, the literature thus far has suffered from a lack of ecological validity. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the SDS emerged in evaluations of participants’ real-life friends and acquaintances. Participants ( n = 4,455) evaluated a single, randomly assigned male or female friend or acquaintance whose sexual history they were familiar with. Women were evaluated more negatively as their number of sexual partners increased, whereas number of partners was not related to evaluations of men. The SDS was not moderated by the closeness of the relationship between the participant and the target person.

Genital mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas in cervicovaginal self-collected samples of reproductive-age women: prevalence and risk factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 999-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jani Silva ◽  
Fátima Cerqueira ◽  
Ana Luísa Teixeira ◽  
Maria Clara Bicho ◽  
Rui Campainha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Genital Mycoplasmas

The purpose of this study was to characterise the prevalence and risk factors associated with genital mycoplasmas ( Mycoplasma hominis [MH], M. genitalium [MG]) and ureaplasmas ( Ureaplasma urealyticum [UU], U. parvum [UP]) in Portuguese women of reproductive age. The cross-sectional study included 612 cervicovaginal self-collected samples from women aged 15–44 years, tested for MH, MG, UU, UP by polymerase chain reaction. Y chromosome (Yc) DNA was detected as a biomarker of recent unprotected sexual intercourse. The prevalences of UU, UP, MH and MG were 28.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.0–32.1), 22.4% (95% CI 19.3–25.9), 8.5% (95% CI 6.5–11.0) and 0.8% (95% CI 0.4–1.9), respectively. Overall, women aged 20–29 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.78; P = 0.010) and the presence of Yc-DNA (OR 2.33; P = 0.038) were associated with an increased risk of UU. Lifetime number of sexual partners was a predictor of UU, UP and MH (OR 2.46; P < 0.001, OR 2.78; P < 0.001 and OR 1.55; P < 0.001, respectively, for more than one versus one partner). The prevalence of MG was low, while UU, UP and MH were common in Portuguese women of reproductive age. The presence of UU, UP and MH was associated with sexual activity (number of sexual partners), although the consequences of its prevalence are not fully understood and should be further investigated.

Domestic Violence in Pregnant Women: A Study Conducted in the Postpartum Period of Adolescents and Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Helena Mello de Lima ◽  
Rosiane Mattar ◽  
Anelise Riedel Abrahão
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
History Of ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of domestic violence in adolescent and adult mothers who were admitted to obstetrics services centers in Brazil and to identify risk factors of domestic violence and any adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Researchers used standardized interviews, the questionnaire Abuse Assessment Screen, and a review of patients’ medical records. Descriptive statistical analyses were also used. The prevalence of domestic violence among all participants totaled 40.1% (38.5% of adolescents, 41.7% of adults). Factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy were as follows: a history of family violence, a greater number of sexual partners, and being a smoker. No statistically significant association was found for adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Results showed that, in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, pregnancy did not protect a woman from suffering domestic violence.

Number of Sexual Partners and Sexual Assertiveness Predict Sexual Victimization: Do More Partners Equal More Risk?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave P. Walker ◽  
Terri L. Messman-Moore ◽  
Rose Marie Ward
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Women ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Sexual Assertiveness ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

In previous studies, number of sexual partners and sexual assertiveness were examined as independent risk factors for sexual victimization among college women. Using a sample of 335 college women, this study examined the interaction of number of sexual partners and sexual assertiveness on verbal sexual coercion and rape. Approximately 32% of the sample reported unwanted sexual intercourse, 6.9%(n= 23) experienced verbal sexual coercion, 17.9% (n= 60) experienced rape, and 7.2% (n= 24) experienced both. As number of sexual partners increased, instances of verbal sexual coercion increased for women low in relational sexual assertiveness but not for women high in relational sexual assertiveness. A similar relationship was not found for rape. Among women who experienced both verbal sexual coercion and rape, increases in number of partners in the context of low refusal and relational assertiveness were associated with increases in verbal sexual coercion and rape. Findings suggest sexual assertiveness is related to fewer experiences of sexual coercion.

Risk factors for cervical cancer development: what do women think?

Sexual Health ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. D. Baay ◽  
V. Verhoeven ◽  
D. Avonts ◽  
J. B. Vermorken
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Cervical Cancer Development

Background: The current cervical cancer prevention strategy is exclusively directed towards screening, without taking into account any relationship with sexual risk factors. The introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection into the screening procedure implicates that we should give attention to this relationship. The aim of this study was to investigate what knowledge women have of the relation between HPV and cervical cancer. Methods: Rather than asking about HPV specifically, we suggested 20 risk factors for the development of cervical cancer, including viral infection, and asked 73 women visiting their general practitioner, 67 women visiting a lecture on risk factors for cervical cancer and 28 female students in biomedical sciences to rate the importance of these risk factors on a scale of 1–5. Results: Genetic factors were rated highest with a mean score of 4.5. Bacterial infection ranked second highest with a mean score of 3.8. Smoking ranked fourth at a mean score of 3.6, whereas viral infection shared the sixth place with number of sexual partners with a mean score of 3.4. The presence of high voltage power lines and physical activity appropriately scored the last two places at 2.4 and 2.2, respectively. Twenty-one women suggested a role for sexually transmitted agents, but only five women (3.1%) could actually pinpoint HPV. Conclusion: This enquiry indicates that the risk factor ‘genetic factors’ was over-rated, while knowledge of the most important risk factors, i.e. smoking and sexual habits and (sexually transmitted) infections, would appear to be present to a moderate level in our population. However, knowledge of the role of HPV in cervical cancer development is lacking.

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