Sources of high seed productivity of melon (Cucumis melo L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
O.V. Palinchak ◽  
I.I. Kolesnik
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Check Variety

Aim. To assess the melon collection material for seed productivity and to identify sources of a valuable trait for involvement in the breeding process in the northern Steppe of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. Our analysis revealed relationships between the main economic traits, and we established that the productivity of fruits and seeds significantly depended on environmental factors during the study years. There was a strong correlation between these traits (r = 0.71), while the seed productivity more depended on the fruit number per plant (r = 0.62) than on their average weight (r = 0.41). The accessions under investigation differed by fulfillment of their seed yield potential. Among the accessions included in group 4 with high seed productivity, high seed yields were provided by such accessions as Desertnaia 5 (RUS), Ineia (UKR), Delicious 51 (USA), Chaika (UKR), Fortuna (UKR), and Pamiati Pangalo (MDA) (22.3-25.3 g/plant; 0.23-0.26 t/ha). Four accessions from group 5 were identified as the most valuable genetic sources of very high seed productivity: Mistseva 256/98 (UKR), Berehynia (UKR), Victoria (MDA), and Iliyskaya (KAZ) (26.8-29.6 g/plant; 0.27-0.30 t/ha), which exceeded the check variety by 12.8-5.6 g/plant or by 0.13-0.16 t/ha. The seed yield, as a measure of the potential number of seeds depending on the fruit yield, and the 1000-seed weight, as an indicator of the seed size and plumpness, are also important traits in assessing the seed productivity of collection accessions. The highest percentages of seed yield were observed in accessions Pepen golden (ROU), Ananasna 217/06 (RUS), Accession 4596 (USA), Mistseva 256/98 (UKR), Inhulka (UKR), Mistsevyi 5827 (KAZ), and Basarabiya (MDA): 1.23-1.42% (0.33-0.52% higher than from the check variety). As to the 1000-seed weight, the highest values were recorded for accessions Pridnestrovskaya (MDA), Lyleia (UKR), Dumka (UKR), Ineia (UKR), Mistseva 256/98 (UKR), Pamyati Pangalo (MDA), and Berehynia (UKR): 40.4-46.2 g (+3.9-9.7 g to the check variety). Due to the combination of high yield capacity and increased seed productivity, variety Berehynia (UL3800002) originating from Ukraine has been submitted for registration to the National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine as an accession of the gene pool. Conclusions. Assessment of the genetic diversity of melons revealed patterns in levels of seed productivity, depending on the variety; and the relationships between the main economic traits were determined. Sources of valuable economic traits for further use in breeding have been identified: with high seed productivity (10), with increased seed yield (7) and with large seeds (7). Valuable specimen of melon, Berehynia (UL3800002), with high seed productivity has been singled out and submitted for registration to the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine.

On-farm yield potential of local seed watermelon landraces under heat- and drought-prone conditions in Mali

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. NANTOUMÉ ◽  
J. L. CHRISTIANSEN ◽  
S. B. ANDERSEN ◽  
B. D. JENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Seed Type ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
On Farm

SUMMARYOn-farm yield experiments were carried out in the Tombouctou region of Mali in 2009/10 under heat- and drought-prone desert conditions with three local landraces of seed-type watermelons. The landraces, named Fombou, Kaneye and Musa Musa by the farmers, exhibited distinct characteristics for fruit morphology, but in particular for seed traits. On average, the three landraces produced a fruit yield of 11·6 t/ha and an estimated seed yield of 364 kg/ha, with no significant differences among landraces. Kaneye showed the highest stability of fruit number/ha in different field environments, suggesting this landrace is the best among the three for a poor growing environment, whereas Fombou and especially Musa Musa responded positively to more favourable environments. Seed weight revealed a different trend, with Fombou as the most responsive to favourable conditions, while Kaneye and Musa Musa were less responsive. The yields obtained suggest that these local landraces of watermelon are valuable plant genetic resources for securing food supply in arid, heat- and drought-prone areas.

BITTER VETCH, OR ERVIL (VICIA ERVILIA (L.) WILLD.): EVALUATION OF ACCESSIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENTS OF TAMBOV PROVINCE, RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. SERGEEV ◽  
◽  
N.N. ANDREEVA ◽  
N.V. VAVKINA ◽  
T.G. ALEKSANDROVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Evaluation Data ◽  
Bitter Vetch

The catalogue contains the evaluation data for 267 bitter vetch accessions from the collection held by the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), grown in 2010–2016 and 2021 at Yekaterinino Experiment Station of VIR. The study covered bitter vetch accessions of diverse geographic origin from 23 countries. The testing of Vicia ervilia accessions in years with different weather conditions showed the variability of the main agrobiological characteristics in the studied accessions: duration of the growing season, and seed yield per 1 m². The catalogue is addressed to plant breeding experts.

Performances of groundnut varieties under sub-tropical climate of North East Hilly Agro-Ecological Region of India

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Datta ◽  
G. S. Yadav ◽  
S. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
North East ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Ecological Region

North east hilly eco-region of India is characterized by highly undulating topography and fragile ecology. Here the cultivation of rice on upland and medium land is not a profitable venture to farmers. Therefore, to find out alternative crop with high yield potential cultivars a three year field study from 2008 to 2010 on agronomic evaluation of groundnut cultivars under sub-tropical climate of North East hilly Agro-ecological region was carried out. The experiment consists of fourteen groundnut cultivars (V<sub>1</sub>- ICGS-76, V<sub>2</sub>- GG-2, V<sub>3</sub>- GG-13,V<sub>4</sub>-TG 37 A, V<sub>5</sub>-FeESG-10, V<sub>6</sub>-FeESG-8,V<sub>7</sub>-K-134,V<sub>8</sub>-GG-6,V<sub>9</sub>-SB XI, V<sub>10</sub> GG-11,V<sub>11</sub>-KAUSHAL,V<sub>12</sub>-GG-4,V<sub>13</sub>-GG-2,V<sub>14</sub>-GG-8) as treatment in randomized block design and replicated thrice. Results revealed that highest plant dry weight was produced by cultivar “KAUSHAL” (32.99 g/plant), while lowest was recorded with cultivar “FeESG-10” (16.32 g/plant). However, the highest numbers of pod (25.32) were observed with “ICGS-76”. Cultivar GG-11 had produced highest pod and seed weight (34.80 g/plant and 20.62 g/plant, respectively) as compared to other cultivars, while lowest pod and seed weight (8.96 g/plant and 6.39 g/plant, respectively) with “FeESG-8”. Maximum pod yield (2.06t/ha) was produced by GG-11 cultivars, although highest stover yield (2.37 t/ha) was produced in cultivar KAUSHAL. Cultivar GG-11 had also recorded highest shelling percentage. Therefore, it is suggested that GG-11 a better option for substituting the upland and medium land rice during kharif season for enhancing the farmer’s income.

scholarly journals Morpho-physiological characterization of soybean genotypes under subtropical environment

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
Gaffar Al-Hadi ◽  
Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Abdul Karim ◽  
Tofazzal Islam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Cluster 2

Soybean is a promising oilseed crop in rice-based cropping systems in South and Southeast Asia. In spite of immense scope of its expansion, the crop is not being popular to the farmers because of poor yield of the existing cultivars. Therefore, this study evaluated eighty-soybean genotypes of diverse growth habits with a view to searching genotype(s) of desirable morpho-physiological characters and high yield potential. Sixteen quantitative plant traits were evaluated to classify the genotypes into different groups using various multivariate methods. A wide range of variation was found in almost all qualitative plant traits. The study reveals that plants tend to become taller as the phenological cycle is longer. Seed yield was the product of the number of pods per plant, pod weight and seeds per pod. The first three components of principal component analysis explained 75% of the total variations of the soybean genotypes. Using Dendrogram from cluster analysis, the genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The maximum number of genotypes was concentrated in cluster 5 followed by clusters 4. The phenology, plant height, the number of pods and seed yield were the important discriminating variables in grouping the genotypes. The number of pods per plant displayed the principal role in explaining the maximum variance in the genotypes. The clustering pattern of the genotypes revealed that the genotypes under cluster 2 and cluster 6 were long statures, late maturing and produced higher seed yield. The genotype G00003 under cluster 2 is the best entry giving the highest seed yield. From cluster 6, the genotype G00209 could be the better choice for much better seed yield. The cluster 3 genotypes were comparatively early maturing and gave reasonable yield. It is concluded that the genotypes under clusters 2 and 6 and 3 can be important resources for developing a high yielding variety and sustainability of growing soybean in the subtropical conditions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and Diethyl Sulphate on Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in M1 Generation

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sanjai Gandhi ◽  
A. Sri Devi ◽  
L. Mullainathan
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Short Period

In recent years, the demand of chilli has tremendously increased due to its attractive market price and multifarious used in cooked and processed forms. At present people are much concerned about the fruit quality and yield. Therefore, attention is being paid for development of genotypes having high yield potential with desirable fruit quality characters in a short period of time. For this purpose, seeds of chilli were mutagenised with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and diethyl sulphate (DES) to determine their mutagenic sensitivity in M1 generation. The increasing concentration of EMS and DES decreased in morphological and yield characters. The spectrum of mutation and induced variability for various quantitative traits were observed in M1 generation such as germination (%), plant height, primary and secondary branches per plant, days to first flowering, fruit length (cm), fruit girth (cm), total number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit (g), 100 seed weight (g) and pericarp: seed ratio showed variability in chilli with the effect of EMS and DES. The percentage of chromosomal abnormalities in different mitotic stages was significantly higher than that of the control in all the treatment concentrations.

scholarly journals Yield components of the M7 Kipas Putih mutant soybean

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
Zuyasna ◽  
E Hayati ◽  
Y Ghufrani ◽  
A Marliah ◽  
B Basyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Planting Distance ◽  
Mutant Lines

Abstract This study aimed to obtain the homogeny of M8 soybean lines in an effort to release new high yielding varieties. The research was conducted in Lamsidaya village, and the observation of yield components was carried out at the Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala. This study did not use an experimental design, so that the quantitative characters were observed individually from each plant, then analyzed by estimating the heritability broad sense value and the progress of selection. The material used were var. Kipas Putih and var. Dega1 as control, eight of 7th generation Kipas Putih mutant lines (B4, B7, B10, B12, B13, B15, B18 and B22). All genotypes were planted in rectangular plot 10 m x 1 m, drainage 50 cm, and planting distance 50 cm x 30 cm. Plants were maintained in accordance with the recommendation for soybean cultivation from Balitkabi, and fertilizer NPK (16:16:16) was given 200 g/plot (200 kgha-1). Parameters observed included plant height, flowering time, harvest time, number of productive branches, total number of pods per plant, number of filled pods per plant, percentage of filled pods per plant, seed weight per plant, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight per plot, and yield potential. All quantitative characters indicated increase on selection except for the character of plant height, percentage of filled pods and weight of 100 seeds because the heritability value was low. The B18 line has the potential to become a new high yielding variety because it has a high yield potential (3.02 tons ha-1) with a large seed size compared to the other seven mutant lines and is also higher than the parent Kipas Putih and var Dega 1 varieties.

Biology and cultivation of Hungarian sainfoin for seed production under arid conditions in the steppe of the Central Chernozem region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Золотарев ◽  
И. Иванов ◽  
С. Сапрыкин ◽  
А. Чекмарёва
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Central Chernozem

Исследования проводились в 2009 2018 годах на Воронежской ОС по многолетним травам на эспарцете песчаном сорта Павловский селекции станции, расположенной в южной части Воронежской области. Среди многолетних бобовых трав в ЦентральноЧернозёмном регионе на фоне прогрессирующей аридизации природноклиматических условий большое значение приобретает эспарцет песчаный (Onobrychis arenaria Kit.). Растения эспарцета ксерофитного типа и в засушливых условиях способны сохранять высокую продуктивность. Представлены биологические особенности развития эспарцета песчаного сорта Павловский. Начало отрастания растений эспарцета отмечается 30 марта 01 апреля. Период от отрастания до начала цветения в зависимости от погодных условий составляет в разные годы от 48 до 66 дней (обычно 55 58 дней), а до уборочной спелости травостоя на семена от 89 до 116 дней. Реализация потенциала этой культуры по семенной продуктивности достигается при проведении комплекса агротехнических приёмов, предусматривающих ранневесенний срок посева широкорядным способом и проведение интенсивных мер борьбы с сорняками, вредителями и болезнями. По сочетанию гидротермического режима и запасов продуктивной влаги в метровом горизонте почвы в последние 10 лет благоприятные условия для развития и цветения эспарцета складывались в 60 лет. Было установлено, что наиболее высокие сборы семян от 0,48 до 0,59 т/га были получены в годы, когда в фазу цветения эспарцета температуры воздуха были близкими к среднемноголетним показателям, а количество осадков на уровне или превышало норму. При этом запасы продуктивной влаги в метровом слое почвы составляли от 70 80 до 154 мм, и на цветущие травостои эспарцета было вывезено четыре и более ульев медоносных пчёл из расчёта на 1 га. Investigations took place in 2009 2018 at the Voronezh Experimental Station. Hungarian sainfoin Pavlovskiy (Onobrychis arenaria Kit.) performed as the object of study. This xerophyte crop can be effectively cultivated and produce high yield under the arid climate. The current work describes Hungarian sainfoin biology. Plants start regrowing on the 30.03 01.04. The period from regrowth to flowering amounts to 48 66 days (normally 55 58 days), and to full ripeness 89 116 days, depending on weather. High seed productivity was achieved through early broadrow seeding in spring, intensive weed, pest and disease controls. Temperature, moisture and water resources were favorable for crop growth and flowering for 60 of the last 10 years. The highest seed yield (0.48 0.59 t ha1) occurred under sufficient precipitations and temperatures close to the longterm mean one at flowering time. Water resources in 1 m of soil layer varied from 70 80 to 154 mm. Over four honey beehives per 1 ha were allocated around the flowering grass stands.

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction for seed yield per plant in rapeseed using AMMI model

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marjanović-Jeromela ◽  
Nevena Nagl ◽  
Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga ◽  
Nikola Hristov ◽  
Ankica Kondić-Špika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment

The objective of this study was to assess genotype by environment interaction for seed yield per plant in rapeseed cultivars grown in Northern Serbia by the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) model. The study comprised 19 rapeseed genotypes, analyzed in seven years through field trials arranged in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Seed yield per plant of the tested cultivars varied from 1.82 to 19.47 g throughout the seven seasons, with an average of 7.41 g. In the variance analysis, 72.49% of the total yield variation was explained by environment, 7.71% by differences between genotypes, and 19.09% by genotype by environment interaction. On the biplot, cultivars with high yield genetic potential had positive correlation with the seasons with optimal growing conditions, while the cultivars with lower yield potential were correlated to the years with unfavorable conditions. Seed yield per plant is highly influenced by environmental factors, which indicates the adaptability of specific genotypes to specific seasons.

scholarly journals BULB AND SEED YIELD POTENTIALS OF SUMMER ONION VARIETY DEVELOPED THROUGH INDUCED MUTATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
M. A. K. Azad ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
F. Yasmine ◽  
M. Kamruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Trial ◽  
60Co Source ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Bulb Yield

With a view to improve bulb and seed yield potentials of summer onion, seeds of BARI Piaz-2 were irradiated with 75 Gy, 100 Gy and 125 Gy doses of gamma rays from a 60Co source in 2006.Fifty four days old seedlings were transplanted on 20 January 2007.Thirteen, 12 and 9 M1 plants, respectively, from 75 Gy, 100 Gy and 125 Gy dosesproduced fertile seeds which were kept separately dose wise. In M2 generation, seedlings of 13 progenies from 75 Gy, 10 from 100 Gy and 7 from 125 Gy were transplanted on 15 December 2008 in plant- progeny- rows and 11, 7 and 6, respectively, were selected based on higher percentage of seed producing plants compare to parent BARI Piaz-2.In M3and M4 generations, 13 progenies, 6 each from 75 Gy and 100 Gy and the other from 125 Gy were further selected based on higher seed yield than the parent. Additionally, in M3 generation, observation trial with the above 13 mutant lines for bulb yield potential in Kharif-I seasonin 2011 revealed the mutant lines BP2/75/5 and BP2/100/2 had significantly higher fresh and dry bulb yield than BARI Piaz-2 and that of BP2/75/2 had not differed significantly. Shelf life expressed here as rate of weight loss on storage for 2.0 months under ambient condition exhibited all the 13 mutants had longer shelf life than the parent and the check variety. The mutant BP2/100/2 had the longest shelf life followed by BP2/125/1 and BP2/100/12 and BP2/75/13. Preliminary yield trial for seed yield potential in M4 generation in winter season of 2011-2012 showed all the 13 mutant lines could produce seed from seed in the same season but the parent BARI Piaz-2 failed. In advance yield trial for bulb yield potential in Kharif-II season of 2012, the mutants BP2/75/2, BP2/75/5 and BP2/100/2 produced significantly higher bulb yields atIshurdi and Magura than the check variety BARI Piaz-3.Unlike Kharif-I season the shelf life of the bulbs of mutants and the check variety did not differ significantly in Kharif-II although yield was almost double. Advance yield trial for seed yield potentialsin 2012-13 of five selected mutants showed all the mutant lines produced sufficient seeds from seed in the same season like preliminary yield trial. Seed production of the mutants ranged from 798-1193 kg/ha with the highest being in BP2/75/3 followed by BP2/75/2 while the parent BARI Piaz-2 produced the lowest seed yield of all.

Interrelationships among yield components of chickpea in semiarid environments

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. T. Gan ◽  
P. H. Liu ◽  
F. C. Stevenson ◽  
C. L. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Negative Effect

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seed yield can be increased by identifying and managing the key yield components. A field study was conducted in southwestern Saskatchewan in 1999 and 2000 to determine the direct and indirect effects of various yield components on chickpea seed yield . Both desi- and kabuli-chickpea were planted at the target plant populations of 20, 30, 40, and 50 plants m-2 on conventional summerfallow (CS) and no-till wheat stubble (NT). Path coefficient analyses revealed that seed yield for both chickpea classes largely depended upon pods m-2 and seed weight, with the kabuli crop having higher coefficient values than the desi. These relationships were stronger when the pulses were grown on CS than on NT. Seeds pod-1 had a negative effect on seed yield for the kabuli crop, but this negative effect was counterbalanced by a strong, positive effect of seed weight on seed yield. The total pod production of the desi crop depended on plants m-2 more than on pods plant-1, whereas the pod production of the kabuli crop relied equally on plants m-2 and pods plant-1. For both chickpea classes, mean seed weight decreased with prolonged vegetative growth period regardless of tillage environment. Seed weight was positively related to the length of reproductive growth and seeds pod-1 only when the pulses were grown on CS. Seed yield potential of desi chickpea would be increased by increasing plant population to produce more pods per unit area, whereas the seed yield potential of kabuli chickpea would be increased by shortening the period of vegetative growth, promoting the number of pods per plant, and increasing mean seed weight. Key words: Cicer arietinum, yield components, plant density, seed weight, canopy, path analysis

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