Biology and cultivation of Hungarian sainfoin for seed production under arid conditions in the steppe of the Central Chernozem region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Золотарев ◽  
И. Иванов ◽  
С. Сапрыкин ◽  
А. Чекмарёва
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Central Chernozem

Исследования проводились в 2009 2018 годах на Воронежской ОС по многолетним травам на эспарцете песчаном сорта Павловский селекции станции, расположенной в южной части Воронежской области. Среди многолетних бобовых трав в ЦентральноЧернозёмном регионе на фоне прогрессирующей аридизации природноклиматических условий большое значение приобретает эспарцет песчаный (Onobrychis arenaria Kit.). Растения эспарцета ксерофитного типа и в засушливых условиях способны сохранять высокую продуктивность. Представлены биологические особенности развития эспарцета песчаного сорта Павловский. Начало отрастания растений эспарцета отмечается 30 марта 01 апреля. Период от отрастания до начала цветения в зависимости от погодных условий составляет в разные годы от 48 до 66 дней (обычно 55 58 дней), а до уборочной спелости травостоя на семена от 89 до 116 дней. Реализация потенциала этой культуры по семенной продуктивности достигается при проведении комплекса агротехнических приёмов, предусматривающих ранневесенний срок посева широкорядным способом и проведение интенсивных мер борьбы с сорняками, вредителями и болезнями. По сочетанию гидротермического режима и запасов продуктивной влаги в метровом горизонте почвы в последние 10 лет благоприятные условия для развития и цветения эспарцета складывались в 60 лет. Было установлено, что наиболее высокие сборы семян от 0,48 до 0,59 т/га были получены в годы, когда в фазу цветения эспарцета температуры воздуха были близкими к среднемноголетним показателям, а количество осадков на уровне или превышало норму. При этом запасы продуктивной влаги в метровом слое почвы составляли от 70 80 до 154 мм, и на цветущие травостои эспарцета было вывезено четыре и более ульев медоносных пчёл из расчёта на 1 га. Investigations took place in 2009 2018 at the Voronezh Experimental Station. Hungarian sainfoin Pavlovskiy (Onobrychis arenaria Kit.) performed as the object of study. This xerophyte crop can be effectively cultivated and produce high yield under the arid climate. The current work describes Hungarian sainfoin biology. Plants start regrowing on the 30.03 01.04. The period from regrowth to flowering amounts to 48 66 days (normally 55 58 days), and to full ripeness 89 116 days, depending on weather. High seed productivity was achieved through early broadrow seeding in spring, intensive weed, pest and disease controls. Temperature, moisture and water resources were favorable for crop growth and flowering for 60 of the last 10 years. The highest seed yield (0.48 0.59 t ha1) occurred under sufficient precipitations and temperatures close to the longterm mean one at flowering time. Water resources in 1 m of soil layer varied from 70 80 to 154 mm. Over four honey beehives per 1 ha were allocated around the flowering grass stands.

scholarly journals Planting depth - effective agricultural practice perventing lodging of seedstalks of onion seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04011
Author(s):  
V. E. Lazko ◽  
O V Yakimova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Very High

At the breeding site of the winter onion variety Ellan, the effect of the planting depth of mother bulbs of two fractions on lodging of stems and seed productivity was studied. It was found that in winter, with the depth of planting the bulbs in the soil horizon, the processes of differentiation and the formation of microstalks noticeably slow down, and the biochemical composition of the bulbs shows a decrease in the activity of metabolic processes. Thanks to this and the buffering properties of the soil, the safety of plants in winter is very high when planted to a depth of 15 cm. Deeper planting has a negative effect on the growth of leaves. At a planting depth of 15-20 cm, the stems remain upright due to the soil layer. The angle of inclination of 82 ... 86% of the stems is not more than 450 and occupies no more than 50 cm of the width of the projection of the row. When planted to a depth of 10 cm, the stems crumble, agronomic measures, the phytosanitary state of seed production and harvesting are hampered. It was found that the effect of bulb size on seed productivity of one stem is 42%. The increase in planting for the yield of one plant and the yield is 44 ... 45%. When setting seed onions, it is recommended to plant uterine bulbs to a depth of 15 cm. This planting depth ensures the maximum safety of the bulbs in winter, excludes lodging of the stems and the maximum possible seed yield. There is no need for additional hilling or tying of the stems, as with a planting depth of 10 cm.

scholarly journals VARIATIES OF GARDEN NASTURTIUM FOR SEED PRODUCTION IN SOUTH-WEST OF CENTRAL-CHERNOZEM REGION

2011 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
N.V. Kotsareva ◽  
G.D. Levko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
South West ◽  
Central Chernozem

Results of the study on seed productivity of Garden Nasturtium varieties grown in south-west of central-cher-nozem region are presented in the article. It was shown the variety reaction on condition of cultivation.

Promising alfalfa hybrids in breeding nurseries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
М. Ломов ◽  
Ю. Писковацкий ◽  
Л. Соложенцева
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Selection Of

Приведены результаты селекционных исследований новых образцов люцерны в селекционных питомниках. Научная работа выполнялась на Центральной экспериментальной базе (ЦЭБ) ФГБНУ ВНИИ кормов им. В. Р. Вильямса в Нечернозёмной зоне Российской Федерации в 20142016 годах. В селекционных питомниках проходили оценку по комплексу признаков 22 новых гибрида (по 11 в каждом), созданных с учётом генетической разнокачественности, различий в географическом, экологическом происхождении и степени окультуренности. Проведено изучение новых образцов, созданных методами внутривидовой и отдалённой гибридизации, выделение перспективных номеров по семенной продуктивности и продуктивности зелёной массы для последующей их оценки в составе травосмеси в контрольных питомниках и питомниках конкурсного сортоиспытания в полевых условиях селекционного люцернового севооборота. Гибриды в основном пёстрогибридного сортотипа. В качестве стандарта использовался сорт люцерны Луговая 67. Представлены данные новых перспективных образцов люцерны изменчивой по зимостойкости, облиственности растений, мощности развития, урожайности зелёной и сухой массы и другие показатели. По семенной продуктивности для дальнейших научных исследований выделены следующие селекционные гибриды: Вела, П-379, П-297, СГП 62-11, СГП 61-11, СГП 63-11, СМС-1, МН-340. Они превосходили контрольный вариант на 2581,2, а гибриды СМС-1, СГП 80-96, СГП 65-79 и МН-340 даже в 2,12,3 раза. The article reports on breeding of new alfalfa genotypes in nurseries. The research took place at the Central Experimental Station of the All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute in the Non-Chernozem region of Russia in 20142016. The number of traits of 22 new hybrids was analyzed in breeding nurseries (11 genotypes in each). Genotypes were obtained from genetically diverse wild and domesticated parent material, differed in geographical and ecological origins. Hybrids were bred via intraspecific and distant hybridization. The research comprised evaluation and selection of promising genotypes, having high seed and green mass yields to be further analyzed in competitive trials. Alfalfa Lugovaya 67 performed as a standard variety. The article presents new data on alfalfa winter hardiness, leaf coverage, growth, green and dry mass productivities etc. Such hybrids as Vela, P-379, P-297, SGP 62-11, SGP 61-11, SGP 63-11, SMS-1 and MN-340 had the highest seed productivity and were selected for further investigations. They exceeded the standard in seed yield by 2581.2 or even by 2.12.3 times (SMS-1, SGP 80-96, SGP 65-79 and MN-340).

scholarly journals Characteristics of new population of melon breeding Bikovskaya experimental station

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Nina G. Baibakova ◽  
Elena A. Varivoda ◽  
Tatyana G. Koleboshina
Keyword(s):  
High Yield ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Research Station ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Breeding Research ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Variety Testing

Relevance. Melon is one of the most common cultures among melons. Bykovskaya for melon breeding research station scouting for new varieties of melon. When breeding melons, it is necessary to pay attention to such economic characteristics of melons as precocity, productivity, high quality products, resistance to disease, cold resistance.Methods. Studies were carried out in 2017-2018 at the Bikovskaya experimental station, in rainfed conditions. Object of study – varieties and hybrid populations of melon.Results. As a result of selection work the new variety sample of melon of Syngent x Dune is received. In 2017, this population was first included in the station variety testing. According to the research results, the new hybrid population Matures before The standard of the autumn variety for 6 days. The excess in yield over the standard is 6.6 t / ha. The taste of the new variety sample is at the level of standard varieties Osen. Thus, the variety sample of Syngent x Dune has a beautiful appearance, high yield of marketable products, good taste of the fruit, resistance to sunburn, good transportability, which will diversify the range of melon varieties grown in Russia.

THE SOURCE MATERIAL FOR THE SELECTION OF THE WILD-GROWING SITNIKOV SEEDLING IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Gubanov ◽  
◽  
E. A. Gubanova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Central Chernozem ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the results of the study of the collection of samples of the wild-growing Sitnikov seedling by the main agricultural indicators (leafiness, green mass, hay yield, seed productivity).

scholarly journals Trifolium Repense L. Breeding In The Central Chernozem Region: Main Directions And Methods Of Work

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
V M Kosolapov ◽  
V I Cherniavskih ◽  
E V Dumacheva ◽  
N A Sopina ◽  
V I Tseiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
High Carbonate ◽  
Initial Forms ◽  
Central Chernozem ◽  
High Carbonate Content ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Chalk Outcrops

Abstract Varieties and breeding samples of creeping clover Trifolium repense L. of lawn direction were studied in the nursery of competitive varietal trials. Using the methods of recurrent breeding involving local populations of creeping clover growing on chalk outcrops as initial forms, two varieties ‘Krasnoyaruzhsky’ and ‘Ilyok’ were obtained, as well as a new breeding sample PO 17/07. Varieties ‘Krasnoyaruzhsky’, ‘Ilyok’ and selection sample PO 17/7 are characterized by high seed productivity, the possibility of cultivation on soils with high carbonate content (burial of construction waste in an urban environment, reclamation of man-made-disturbed landscapes, etc.); high resistance to trampling. Seed yield over three years of tests in varieties ‘Krasnoyaruzhsky’, ‘Ilyok’ and breeding sample PO 17/7 significantly exceed the standard by an average of 24,6-26,8%; have uniform foliage at the level of 48-53%. Breeding sample PO 17/7 is planned to be submitted to the State variety testing.

Sources of high seed productivity of melon (Cucumis melo L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
O.V. Palinchak ◽  
I.I. Kolesnik
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Check Variety

Aim. To assess the melon collection material for seed productivity and to identify sources of a valuable trait for involvement in the breeding process in the northern Steppe of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. Our analysis revealed relationships between the main economic traits, and we established that the productivity of fruits and seeds significantly depended on environmental factors during the study years. There was a strong correlation between these traits (r = 0.71), while the seed productivity more depended on the fruit number per plant (r = 0.62) than on their average weight (r = 0.41). The accessions under investigation differed by fulfillment of their seed yield potential. Among the accessions included in group 4 with high seed productivity, high seed yields were provided by such accessions as Desertnaia 5 (RUS), Ineia (UKR), Delicious 51 (USA), Chaika (UKR), Fortuna (UKR), and Pamiati Pangalo (MDA) (22.3-25.3 g/plant; 0.23-0.26 t/ha). Four accessions from group 5 were identified as the most valuable genetic sources of very high seed productivity: Mistseva 256/98 (UKR), Berehynia (UKR), Victoria (MDA), and Iliyskaya (KAZ) (26.8-29.6 g/plant; 0.27-0.30 t/ha), which exceeded the check variety by 12.8-5.6 g/plant or by 0.13-0.16 t/ha. The seed yield, as a measure of the potential number of seeds depending on the fruit yield, and the 1000-seed weight, as an indicator of the seed size and plumpness, are also important traits in assessing the seed productivity of collection accessions. The highest percentages of seed yield were observed in accessions Pepen golden (ROU), Ananasna 217/06 (RUS), Accession 4596 (USA), Mistseva 256/98 (UKR), Inhulka (UKR), Mistsevyi 5827 (KAZ), and Basarabiya (MDA): 1.23-1.42% (0.33-0.52% higher than from the check variety). As to the 1000-seed weight, the highest values were recorded for accessions Pridnestrovskaya (MDA), Lyleia (UKR), Dumka (UKR), Ineia (UKR), Mistseva 256/98 (UKR), Pamyati Pangalo (MDA), and Berehynia (UKR): 40.4-46.2 g (+3.9-9.7 g to the check variety). Due to the combination of high yield capacity and increased seed productivity, variety Berehynia (UL3800002) originating from Ukraine has been submitted for registration to the National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine as an accession of the gene pool. Conclusions. Assessment of the genetic diversity of melons revealed patterns in levels of seed productivity, depending on the variety; and the relationships between the main economic traits were determined. Sources of valuable economic traits for further use in breeding have been identified: with high seed productivity (10), with increased seed yield (7) and with large seeds (7). Valuable specimen of melon, Berehynia (UL3800002), with high seed productivity has been singled out and submitted for registration to the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine.

Experience of soybean cultivation in the Kaluga Department of Agricultural Machinery SC.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Sergeev ◽  
◽  
A.Yu. Pivkin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
High Seed Yield

The experience of cultivation of soybeans in SC "Agricultural machinery" of the Kaluga region on an area of 190 hectares shows that the soybean variety Alaska is sufficiently adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of this region, provides a high seed yield (up to 32 c / ha) and a high yield (up to 1344 kg / ha) relatively inexpensive protein. However, this variety has a long growing season (95-105 days) and therefore desiccation of crops is required for harvesting for seeds.

DEN POBEDY IS THE NEW VARIETY OF APPLE TREE

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
Е. N. Sedov ◽  
T. V. Yanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Apple Tree ◽  
Average Density ◽  
New Variety ◽  
State Register ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Main Color ◽  
Central Chernozem ◽  
Time Of Harvest ◽  
Medium Weight

In 2020, the 75th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War was celebrated. Many soldiers and did not survive to see the end of the war. It is important that people living now remember and honor those who gave their lives for the freedom and independence of our country and those who came from the war in difficult conditions to restore the national economy of the country. In memory of those who courageously defended the independence of our great country, we named a new apple cultivar ‘Den Pobedy’ (Victory Day), which took 33 years to create. In 2020, this cultivar was included in the State Register of breeding achievements and it is recommended for cultivation in the Central-Chernozem region including Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetzk, Orel and Tambov regions. This cultivar was developed by crossing are quite commonly known winter cultivar ‘Veteran’ and foreign cultivar ‘Horcout’. Trees have a drooping crown. The main branches are curves. A characteristic feature of this cultivar is that the branches from the trunk depart at an angle close to straight. The main number of fruits is located on short fruit formations. Fruits are of medium weight (140 g), conical, wide-ribbed. The main color of the fruit at the time of harvest is greenish. The cover color occupies most of the surface of the fruit in the form of red blush. The fruit flesh is white, greenish of average density. The appearance (attractiveness) of the fruit is estimated at 4.4 points, and the taste - at 4.3 points (5-point rating). Fruits contain 14.7 % of sugars and 9.2 mg/100 g of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Harvest in Orel region is in mid-September, the consumer period of fruits is until mid-March. The cultivar regularly bears fruit and has high product and consumer qualities.

Yield and seed productivity of pear rootstock forms in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
A. I. Lokhova ◽  
E. Z. Savin ◽  
A. M. Rusanov ◽  
A. A. Mushinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Typical Soil

The article presents the results of studying the diversity of pear rootstock forms in terms of yield and seed productivity. The research was carried out at the experimental sites of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture of AllRussian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery and the Botanical Garden of the Orenburg State University in 2017-2019, in typical soil and climatic conditions of the Orenburg city. The purpose of the study is to identify pear rootstock forms characterized by high yield and stable seed productivity for use in the future as a seed rootstock. During the research, 15 pear accessions were studied; the planting scheme was 6x4 m. As a result of research, it was found that the rootstock form Temno-zelenaya is characterized by a high yield (40 kg/tree). High seed productivity of more than 6 seeds in one fruit was observed in samples: Vernaya (6.0-6.5 pcs.), SK-1, SK-3 (6.1-7.8 pcs.), SK-2 (7.0-7.5 pcs.), Chang Bai Li (7.4-7.7 pcs.), Semennaya 214 (7.5-7.8 pcs.). It was revealed that the Xiao he Bai Li variety is characterized by the maximum weight of 1000 seeds (65.2 g). Analysis of accessions by seed yield established that a consistently high yield is observed in the varieties Chang Bai Li (2.5-4.2 %), Vernaya (3.96-4.18 %) and forms SK-1 (2.0-3.25%), SK-2 (2.25-2.75 %), SK-3 (1.43-4.0 %). Pear rootstock forms Chang Bai Li, Vernaya, Semennaya 214, SK-1, SK-2, SK-3 were identifi ed, which can be recommended for production testing as seed pear rootstocks for the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals.

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