Mixed brain abscess due to Streptococcus and Tuberculosis in a pregnant woman with favorable evolution. A case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Abscess Wall

Tuberculosis is a global public health problem and is among the top ten causes of mortality in the world. We present the unusual case of a 37-year-old woman, referred for fever, progressive headache, nausea, vomiting and change in mental status. Brain imaging studies. showed a left frontal brain abscess with subfalcin herniation. As an urgent procedure, surgical drainage of the brain abscess was performed, and in the culture of pus there was growth of an anaerobic Streptococcus. The histopathological study of the abscess wall showed data on tuberculosis. The patient was pregnant at surgery, for about five weeks and received anti-tuberculous medications with close maternal fetal follow-up. Pregnancy came to term and was resolved by an elective cesarean section, both mother and child had a favorable evolution.

scholarly journals Pregnancy after Obstetric Fistula: Should It Be Encouraged?

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
Ranjana Shrestha ◽  
Kenusha Devi Tiwari ◽  
Ganesh Dangal ◽  
Aruna Karki ◽  
Hema Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Fistula Repair ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Elective Cesarean

Obstetric fistula (OF) is a life-changing morbidity associated with childbirth. It occurs especially after a prolonged obstructed labor and is a major public health problem in the developing countries. The smell of stool and urine leads to the ostracization and rejection of fistula patients by their spouses, families, friends and society in whole. Surgical treatment of fistula is possible. However, this successful outcome of fistula repair surgery is dependent on pre-operative care and the post-operative care such as delaying the commencement of sexual intercourse and delaying conception. Family planning can aid to this. Pregnancy is advised after minimum of 12 months’ post-repair and mode of delivery should be elective cesarean section. Here, we present a case of 23 years’ female, who suffered from obstetric fistula who underwent obstetric fistula repair twice, re-married and conceived after a year with successful elective cesarean delivery.

Follow-Up of Growth-Retarded Children Born by Elective Cesarean Section before 33 Weeks

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Huisjes ◽  
R. Baarsma ◽  
M. Hadders-Algra ◽  
B.C.L. Touwen
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Elective Cesarean

scholarly journals El estudio histopatológico del tejido de cervical y la importancia de su revisión a más niveles en el bloque de parafina para su precisión diagnóstica

Tequio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Édgar Villegas Hinojosa ◽  
Verónica Gallegos García ◽  
Anahid Elizabeth Campuzano Barajas ◽  
Omar Medina de la Cruz ◽  
Luz Eugenia Alcántara Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Cervical Biopsy ◽  
Paraffin Block ◽  
Different Levels

Cervical cancer (CeCa) is a public health problem, the prevention efforts have focused on the screening of women at risk of contracting the disease since timely prevention can predict the evolution of the disease. The purpose of the histopathological study is to provide a more accurate diagnosis in order to give guidelines on the basis of which the treatment and follow-up of the patients is planned. However, despite the certainty of the histopathological study, certain methodological improvements have been suggested in which some researches report that making cuts at different levels in the paraffin block of the cervical biopsy could increase the sensitivity of the histopathological study.

Syphilis (Treponema pallidum)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark N. Gilroy ◽  
Juan C. Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Syphilis, a chronic, sexually transmitted disease caused by the extracellular spirochete Treponema pallidum, has exhibited a remarkable resurgence in recent years. Despite the existence of inexpensive, easily administered, and highly effective antibiotic treatments, maternal and neonatal syphilis infections continue to be a major global public health problem. In addition to its potential to cause morbidity in the mother, untreated gestational syphilis (GS) can lead to serious adverse outcomes in the offspring, including stillbirth, prematurity, low birth weight, and neonatal death. Congenital syphilis (CS) is regarded as a missed opportunity during the antenatal care of the mother, resulting from socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors that promote mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis. This chapter emphasizes emerging concepts about screening aimed at controlling the ongoing epidemic, including serological screening of mother and infant, newer paradigms of “reverse screening,” clinical presentation, therapy, and long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities that must be a component of follow-up care.

scholarly journals Cost of Caregivers for Treating Hospitalized Diarrheal Patients in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Abdur Sarker ◽  
Marufa Sultana ◽  
Nausad Ali ◽  
Raisul Akram ◽  
Khorshed Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Cost Distribution ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Introduction: Diarrheal diseases are a global public health problem and one of the leading causes of mortality, morbidity and economic loss. The objective of the study is to estimate the economic cost of caregivers and cost distribution per diarrheal episodes in Bangladesh. Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted in public hospitals in Bangladesh. A total of 801 diarrheal patients were randomly selected and interviewed during January to December 2015. Simple descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentage, mean with 95% CI and median are presented. Results: The overall average cost of caregivers was BDT 2243 (US$ 28.58) while only BDT 259 (US$ 3.29) was spent as out of pocket payments. Caregivers mostly spent money (US$ 1.63) for food, lodging, utility bills, and other lump sum costs followed by the transportation costs (US$ 1.57). The caregivers spent more (US$ 44.45) when they accompanied the patients who were admitted in inpatients care and almost 3.6 times higher than for out-patients care (US$ 12.42). Conclusions: The study delivers an empirical evidence to the health-care programmers and policy makers about the economic cost of caregivers during diarrheal treatment care, which should be accounted for in designing future diarrheal prevention programme.

scholarly journals Urinary Melamine Levels and Progression of CKD

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1133-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chun Tsai ◽  
Chia-Fang Wu ◽  
Chia-Chu Liu ◽  
Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh ◽  
Yu-Ting Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Egfr Decline ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Background and objectivesCKD is a global public health problem. Some cross-sectional studies have associated environmental melamine exposure with kidney diseases, but evidence is limited.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe conducted this prospective cohort study to enroll patients with eGFR≥30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in 2006–2010. Urinary corrected melamine levels (ratio of urinary melamine to urinary creatinine) were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry at enrollment. Kidney outcomes included doubling of serum creatinine levels, eGFR decline >3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, and 30% decline in eGFR in the first 2 years. Subjects were followed until targeted kidney outcomes, cancer, death, last contact, or the end of observation in December 2016.ResultsIn a total of 293 subjects, the median urinary corrected melamine level was 0.97 (interquartile range, 0.43–2.08) μg/mmol. Over a median follow-up period of 7.0 years, serum creatinine levels doubled in 80 subjects (27%). Subjects in the highest tertile of urinary melamine level 12.70 μg/mmol) had a 2.30 (95% confidence interval, 1.25 to 4.23; P<0.01) hazard risk for doubling of serum creatinine compared with those in the lowest tertile (0.02–0.58 μg/mmol). Similar significant dose-response results were found in eGFR decline >3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year and 30% decline in eGFR in the first 2 years.ConclusionsUrinary melamine level is significantly associated with kidney function deterioration in patients with early-stage CKD.

scholarly journals Term Pregnancy in a Woman with Incomplete Transverse Vaginal Septum- An Interesting Case

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
sathiya priya subburaj ◽  
sathiya priya subburaj ◽  
Jyotsna sharma ◽  
HARITHA SAGILI
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Vaginal Septum ◽  
Transverse Vaginal Septum ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
First Time

Transverse vaginal septum is a rare Mullerian duct anomaly presenting for the first time in pregnancy and labor. A 24-year-old primigravida presented at 39 weeks gestation. Speculum examination revealed a thick transverse vaginal septum with a pinpoint opening in the upper aspect. Elective cesarean section was done followed by digital perforation and dilatation of the septum. The postoperative period was uneventful. At six week follow up there was no restenosis or scarring of the vagina. To avoid complications like obstructed labor and laceration of vagina prophylactic cesarean section is advocated when the thickness of the septum cannot be ascertained on clinical examination.

scholarly journals Méhen belül felszívódó magzati mellékvesevérzés ultrahang-diagnózisa

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (52) ◽  
pp. 2073-2078
Author(s):  
Gábor Szabó ◽  
András Szarka ◽  
Gábor Rudas ◽  
János Rigó Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
New Onset

Abstract: The confirmed incidence of new-onset adrenal gland hemorrhage has increased with the development of ultrasound diagnostics in recent years. Intrauterine developed cases are rarely recognized. Differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the adrenal gland is often only possible after birth. In our case study, we report the ultrasonographic diagnosis and follow-up of a cystic lesion measuring 4 × 3 cm in the left fetal epigastrium in the 33rd gestational week. During pregnancy, multimodal imaging methods (both ultrasound and magnetic resonance) have confirmed the diagnosis of hemorrhage in the left adrenal gland. In the 37th gestational week, the hematoma completely resolved. At term, a 4150 gram neonate was delivered in good condition by an elective cesarean section. Postnatal endocrinological and follow-up ultrasound examinations did not find any disorder. This study is the first published case report in the literature that proves that fetal adrenal hemorrhage can intrauterin spontaneously absorb within a short period of time. Our case draws attention to the fact that adrenal bleeding may occur in the newborn regardless of birth trauma. It can also be assumed that the incidence of adrenal bleeding during pregnancy is higher than that reported in neonatal cases. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(52): 2073–2078.

scholarly journals Single vs Multiple Dose of Cefazolin Prophylaxis in Elective Cesarean Section

2017 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sigit Purbadi ◽  
Muhamad Fadli
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Infection ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Single Blind

Introduction: Caesarean section (CS) is one of port d’ entrée from infection in women and it is related to maternal morbidity during puerpureal period. Until now, there is still lack of consensus regarding prophylactic antibiotic protocol before CS procedure. This study aims to determine the comparative efficacy between single dose and multiple doses of cefazolin prior incision toward the incidence of maternal infection. Methods: This was a single-blind, randomized, clinical trial study with two methods of intervention including 2-gram single dose cefazolin at 30 minutes’ prior incision and 2-gram single dose cefazolin at 30 minutes’ prior incision continued 1-gram cefazolin after 8 hours of procedure. We recruited women undergone elective CS at Fatmawati and Anna Hospital, Jakarta from January to March 2016. The primary outcomes were surgical site infection, urinary tract infection, and endometritis based on clinical findings during 30 days of follow-up period. Results: A total of 46 subjects were recruited which 23 of them were in single dose cefazolin group and the other 23 subjects were in multiple dose of cefazolin group. There were 9 subjects having infection (19.6%). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of infection between two groups (p=1.00; relative risk 0.80, 95% CI 0.25-2.61). Conclusion: Single dose of cefazolin shows similar rates of infection incidence to multiple dose. Therefore, single dose of cefazolin can be a protocol in CS based on its efficacy and efficiency. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-1: 60-65] Keywords: cefazolin, maternal infection, multipe dose, single dose

Five years’ experience in an anesthesiology antenatal clinic for high-risk patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Shatalin ◽  
Yaacov Gozal ◽  
Sorina Grisaru-Granovsky ◽  
Alexander Ioscovich
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Hospital Births

Abstract Introduction: The aim, of this study is to describe our approach and outcomes in an outpatient anesthesia/analgesia antepartum clinic among ambulatory high-risk obstetric patients. Methods: This was a retrospective evaluation of the activity of the anesthesiology antenatal clinic from its inception in 2010 until 2016 (a 5-year period). The clinic works in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The catchment area of the study University Affiliated Hospital attends a multiethnic population characterized by high parity. Results: There were 241 referrals over the 5 years, each of whom was discharged with a consult and a delivery management plan and 228 (95%) of which were performed as planned. Mean gestational age at consultation was 34.4 weeks (range: 20–37). There were no preconceptional consultation. No limitations regarding mode of anesthesia/analgesia was considered for 47% of the referrals. Nulliparous women accounted for 50% of the referrals and 17% were in their second pregnancy. The greatest number of referrals (30%) was for musculoskeletal conditions. No maternal death encountered. The mode of delivery was vaginal in 139 (65%) women; elective cesarean section in 44 (21%) women; and emergent cesarean section in 30 (14%) women. The neonatal outcomes were unremarkable; 210 (87%) in hospital births, 97.1% had an a 5′ Apgar score of 9. Conclusion: Our findings reveal the need for high-risk obstetric patients consult with a dedicated obstetric anesthesiologist to devise a management plan for labor and delivery that is tailored to their comorbidity and obstetric status, to ensure an optimum outcome for mother and child.

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