scholarly journals Psychometric study of civilians that exposed to psychosocial stress in conditions of military conflict

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Yuryeva ◽  
Liliia Kriachkova ◽  
Tamara Shusterman ◽  
Yevhenii Likholetov
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Psychometric Study ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

The aim of the work was to conduct a psychometric study of civilians that experienced psychosocial stress in a military conflict to assess the patterns of clinical and psychopathological signs of adjustment disorders. 109 persons with diagnosed mental disorders of cluster F43.2 — adjustment disorders have been examined the participants have been divided into three groups: widows of military personnel (6 persons), relatives of combatants who returned to peaceful life (71 persons), and internally displaced persons (IDP) — 32 persons. To assess the severity of psychopathological symptoms, the Symptom Check List-90‑Revised L. R. Derogatis (SCL‑90-R), adapted by N. Tarabrina and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRSD) were used. The study has revealed a low level of symptomatic disorders in all participants, but with higher indicators on the scales of somatization, obsessive- compulsive disorder, anxiety and phobic anxiety in the IDP group, on the scale of depression — in the group of relatives of combatants who returned to a peaceful life. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression has revealed mild depression in widows of military personnel and IDP; in relatives of combatants who returned to a peaceful life, the quantitative value of the indicator has corresponded to the absence of depression signs. Discrepancy at the objective and subjective assessment of the level of depression in the participants has been established. The identified patterns of clinical and psychopathological characteristics of adjustment disorders should be taken into account while developing therapeutic, rehabilitation and preventive measures for civilians that exposed to psychosocial stress in a military conflict.

scholarly journals Rationale of personification of treatment and rehabilitation aid of civilians with adaptive disorders who have experienced psychosocial stress under military conflict, based on forecast severity of consequences

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Yevhenii Likholetov
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Rehabilitation Care ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
Prognostic Assessment ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Group 2

The aim of the work was to develop a technology for predictive assessment of the severity of clinical and psychopathological course and psychosocial consequences of adaptation disorders in civilians affected by psychosocial stress in military conflict, as a basis for determining the scope and content of treatment and rehabilitation measures for this group of patients. 109 people who experienced psychosocial stress in a military conflict were examined: group 1 — 6 wives of fallen servicemen; group 2 — mothers, fathers and wives of combatants who returned to peaceful life, a total of 71 people; group 3 — 32 internally displaced persons. All subjects were diagnosed with mental disorders of the F43.2 cluster — adaptive disorders. In the course of the work a forecasting system was developed, which allows to conduct a multi-vector assessment of the individual’s condition according to the assessment of clinical and psychopathological condition and psychosocial functioning, as well as to form a prognostic assessment of the risk of complications. Three groups were identified to assess the risk of severe disease and complications from the mental sphere, as well as psychosocial maladaptation for individual clusters and in general, for integrated risk: 1) favorable prognosis; 2) conditionally favorable prognosis; 3) unfavorable prognosis. For each of these groups we have proposed a set of diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitation and preventive measures. The proposed technology for predicting the risk of adaptation disorders easy to use, informative, suitable for use in practical health care, to determine the scope and content of treatment and rehabilitation care, which allows to recommend it for widespread implementation in clinical practice

scholarly journals Disorders of the psychoemotional sphere of the ATO/JFO military services

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Psychoemotional State ◽  
Icd 10

In this article, we have presented the results of our own research concerning the state of psychoemotional disorders in the military personnel of the ATO/JFO. It is known that the state of mental health is infl uenced by various external factors, both socio-economic and physical, traumatic, environmental, etc. The professional activity of the ATO/JFO military personnel is carried out in extreme conditions associated with psychophysical overload, an increased level of responsibility, etc. Therefore, the psychoemotional state of this contingent requires signifi cant attention and correction. The aim of this study was to study the psychoemotional state of the ATO/JFO military personnel. The study involved 66 ATO/JFO combatants (31 men and 35 women) with signs of adjustment disorders who were in Clinic of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of Military Medical Clinical Centre of the Northern region (Kharkov, Ukraine). The control group consisted of 29 people (14 men and 15 women) who did not take part in hostilities and also had signs of adjustment disorders. Using the clinicalanamnestic method in the main group, we identifi ed 32 people with prolonged depressive reaction caused by adaptation disorder (F43.21 according to ICD-10) and 34 people with mixed anxiety and depressive reactions (F43.22). In the control group, 15 people had F43.21 and 14 examined had F43.22. The use of the psychodiagnostic methodology «Tsung Scale for Self-Assessment of Depression» (adapted by T.I. Balashova, 2003) made it possible to reveal a subdepressive state in 12,1±1,9% of the surveyed combatants (men 4,5±1,2%, women 7,6±1,5%). Severe depression was diagnosed in 87,9±1,9% military personnel (men 42,4±2,8%, women 45,5±2,9%). In the control group, a state without depression was revealed in 79,3±5,2% of individuals (37,9±6,3% men, 41,4±6,4% women), and mild depression was also identifi ed (10,3±4,1% men, 10,3±4,1% women, there were 20,6±5,2% people in total). It was concluded that it is necessary to take into account the data obtained when developing an algorithm for psychocorrectional measures in this contingent of patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and severity of depression in patients with the consequences of ischemic strokes and in patients with chronic brain ischemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 320-324
Author(s):  
A. Babirad
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia ◽  
Severity Of Depression

The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of depression in patients with the consequences of ischemic strokes and in patients with chronic brain ischemia. Material and Methods. We examined 100 patients with consequences of ischemic strokes and 17 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess the presence and degree of depression. Conclusions. Slightly less than half of the patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (47.1%) had no depression, 42.1% had mild depression, and only 11.8% of the patients had moderate and severe depression. A different situation was observed in the group of patients with the consequences of ischemic strokes. Among them, only 22.0% of patients had no depression, 44.0% had mild depression, and 34.0% of patients had moderate, severe, and extremely severe depression (p < 0.05).

Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Shahraki ◽  
Mansoor Shakiba ◽  
Seyedeh Yasaman Ghasemi-Aliabadi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
High Level

Background: Chronic renal failure is a disabling condition with multiple complication such as depression and anxiety; they are common in hemodialysis patients and have negatively effect on quality of life. In this study we investigate the prevalence of depression and anxiety in Zahedan hemodialysis patients. Methods: A total 200 patients undergoing regular hemodialysis for more than six months included in this descriptive cross-sectional study. After consent The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and anxiety (HAM-D7) in a version translated into and adapted to Persian, were used. Results: The patients median age was (43.06 ± 16.11) years and 38.5% was male. Mild depression was observed in (15) 7.5%, moderate in (81) 40.5% and sever depression in (104) 52% of patients. In this study 19.5% (39) of patients has moderate anxiety and 80.5% (161) patients with sever anxiety. A significant correlation was found between duration of dialysis, older age and depression. But there wasn’t any relationship between age and duration of dialysis with anxiety. Anxiety and depression found without any significant differences in both males and females. Conclusion: We found high level of depression an anxiety in Zahedan hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Undergraduate Students’ Acceptance of a Reciprocating One-File System for Endodontic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-396
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mahmoodi ◽  
Adriano Azaripour ◽  
Kawe Sagheb ◽  
Keyvan Sagheb ◽  
Brita Willershausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
File System ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Undergraduate Teaching ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives Reciprocating endodontic one-file systems are a comparatively new method for root canal shaping. Even though the mechanical properties are comparable to modern rotating mechanical systems, data about subjective assessment and application quality are scarce. This study evaluates the reciprocating one-file system in undergraduate education. Materials and Methods A total of 42 undergraduate students without experience regarding reciprocating file systems filled in a questionnaire in four different points in time (t 1–t 4) anonymously. The questionnaire was based on a numerical rating scale ranging from 0 to 10. Statistical Analysis A least significant difference post-hoc analysis comparing the group average values was performed. The adjusted level of significance was p < 0.004 after Bonferroni correction. Results All rating scores increased after the first theoretical instruction. After the first practical training in artificial root canals in resin blocks and extracted teeth (t 2), the estimation of “time efficiency” (p = 0.002), “handling” (p < 0.001), and “overall impression” (p < 0.001) improved significantly. The “overall impression” remained constant and showed no significant changes after the first practical training. Conclusions Reciprocating systems seem to show a good acceptance among first time users. Initial concerns about “work safety” decrease during every step of the educational process. Reciprocating one-file systems are a safe and well-accepted method in undergraduate teaching.

scholarly journals Association of QEEG Findings with Clinical Characteristics of OCD: Evidence of Left Frontotemporal Dysfunction

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şenel Tot ◽  
Aynur Özge ◽  
Ülkü Çömelekoğlu ◽  
Kemal Yazici ◽  
Nilgün Bal
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Delta Activity

Objective: Our objectives were 1) to determine hemispheric asymmetry and regional differences on the EEGs of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD); and 2) to investigate the effects of sex, treatment response, illness duration, and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores on quantitative electroencephalographic (QEEG) measurements. Method: We recorded EEGs (12-channel) from 22 unmedicated patients with OCD but no depression and from 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. All patients and control subjects underwent detailed neurological and psychiatric evaluations including the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Y-BOCS. Results: QEEG revealed higher frequencies of slow-wave bands and lower frequencies of alpha activity at predominantly left frontotemporal localization in patients with OCD, compared with control subjects. Analysis of variance of QEEG parameters and clinical characteristics showed that sex had a significant effect on delta and alpha frequencies of frontotemporal areas during hyperventilation (HV). Increasing total Y-BOCS score correlated positively with increased frequencies of right parietal delta activity and decreased frequencies of right frontotemporal alpha activity during HV. A significantly increased left frontal slow-wave activity and decreased beta activity during HV in treatment responders led us to consider that frontal lobe functions were better in this group of patients. Illness duration had no important effect on QEEG. Conclusion: Patients with OCD showed important frontotemporal dysfunction, predominantly in the left hemisphere. This was particularly evident in female subjects and in treatment responders. QEEG may be beneficial in understanding the neurobiological basis of OCD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depression Among Post-Graduate Medical Trainees: A Multi-Centre Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Zaman ◽  
MA Rahim ◽  
AH Khan ◽  
SH Habib ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Graduate Medical ◽  
Medical Trainees ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of depression among post-graduate medical students and to evaluate some related risk factors. Methodology: This cross-sectional survey was done in three post-graduate medical teaching institutes in Dhaka, Bangladesh in February 2013. A preformed questionnaire including some demographic, socio-economic and work related variables was used for the purpose and depression was diagnosed and severity assessed by using Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). Results: A total of 100 post-graduate medical trainees were given a preformed questionnaire. Among them 53 students filled it up properly and sent back in given time (response rate was 53%). Mean age of the respondents was 31.6 years, male and females were almost equally distributed. Depression was present in 21 (39.6%) respondents. Among them 17 (80.9%) had mild depression and 4 (19.1%) had moderate depression. None of the respondents had severe or very severe depression. Increased age, low income, marital status, living away from family, smoking, long working hours and inadequate time for study appeared as important risk factors. Conclusion: Two-fifth of post-graduate medical trainees suffered from mild to moderate depression. This issue should be properly addressed because of its possible impact on training outcome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v4i1.18548 Birdem Med J 2014; 4(1): 18-21

Benefit of Clomipramine-quetiapine Combination in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder with Non Response to Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors. Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Marian ◽  
B. Ionescu ◽  
D. Ghinea ◽  
N. Alina
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Affective Symptoms

Background:Patients who suffer of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) experience obsessive thoughts and/or urges to engage in compulsive behaviours. the condition causes severe discomfort and, in many cases, leads to serious impairment in social and work-related functioning.Although antipsychotic monotherapy has been associated with ineffectiveness and even increase of psychotic symptoms (especially in psychotic patients), antipsychotics as adjuvant to antidepressant medication have proven to be effective in several case series and pilot clinical trials.The objective of this case was to evaluate the effectiveness of clomipramine-quetiapine combination in OCD refractory to serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors treatment patient.Method:23 years unemployed male was diagnosed with OCD after 1 year from onset and received 3 trials with serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors at therapeutical doses, without any improvement and even more with worsening of affective associated symptoms. We managed this case by using a tricyclic antidepressant (clomipramine up to 100 mg/day) with an atypical antipsychotic (quetiapine up to 200 mg/day). We employed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Obsessive-Compulsive Checklist (OCC) and Hamilton Depression rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline, weekly for the first 2 months and monthly after (follow up 2 years).Results:Patient achieved a very fast and sustained improvement both in obsessive-compulsive and affective symptoms, which provided a very good social and work rehabilitation.Conclusion:Clomipramine-quetiapine combination may be a benefit for OCD refractory to serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors and a safe strategy.

Deep brain stimulation of the ventral caudate nucleus in the treatment of obsessive—compulsive disorder and major depression

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Aouizerate ◽  
Emmanuel Cuny ◽  
Corinne Martin-Guehl ◽  
Dominique Guehl ◽  
Helene Amieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Caudate Nucleus ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

✓ Obsessive—compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder associated with recurrent intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. Although conventional pharmacological and/or psychological treatments are well established and effective in treating OCD, symptoms remain unchanged in up to 30% of patients. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior limb of the internal capsule has recently been proposed as a possible therapeutic alternative in treatment-resistant OCD. In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that DBS of the ventral caudate nucleus might be effective in a patient with intractable severe OCD and concomitant major depression. Psychiatric assessment included the Yale—Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale for determining the symptom severity of OCD, depression, and anxiety as well as the quality of pychosocial and occupational functioning, respectively. Neuropsychological assessment consisted of a wide range of tests primarily exploring memory and executive functions. Deep brain stimulation of the ventral caudate nucleus markedly improved symptoms of depression and anxiety until their remission, which was achieved at 6 months after the start of stimulation (HDRS ≤ 7 and HARS ≤ 10). Remission of OCD (Y-BOCS < 16) was also delayed after 12 or 15 months of DBS. The level of functioning pursuant to the GAF scale progressively increased during the 15-month follow-up period. No neuropsychological deterioration was observed, indicating that DBS of the ventral caudate nucleus could be a promising strategy in the treatment of refractory cases of both OCD and major depression.

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