scholarly journals a comparative analysis of canthal index of ekowe indigenes, bayelsa state

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-159
Author(s):  
Timipa Richard Ogoun ◽  
Tobia P.S S ◽  
Aye T T
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Predictive Study

Human body parts are useful in the predictive study of the unknown. The aim of this study is to know the normative values of the canthi of the Ekowe people. Measurements such as inner and outer canthal distances were carried out. The mean value of the innercanthal distance for males and females are 3.55±0.58 and 3.43±0.52. The mean outer canthal distance for male and female is 13.91±0.84 and 13.62±0.76. The canthal index for male and female is 25.59±4.54 and 25.30±4.03. Sexual dimorphism exists and statistical significant difference was noticed in the outer canthal distance between the males and females (P˂0.05). This study has provided us with normative reference values of inner and outer canthal distances and canthal index for the Ekowe Population which is import to the health care givers, Anatomist, ophthalmic industry and anthropologist

Risk-Taking Patterns of Male and Female Entrepreneurs in Roodepoort

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay K. Garg ◽  
A. Duvenhage
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Performance Perceptions

This study analyses the risk-taking propensity of male and female entrepreneurs. Primary data were collected from a sample of 400 randomly selected from among the small and medium scale entrepreneurs in Roodepoort and two structured questionnaires were used. The results showed the existence of differences among male and female entrepreneurs’ risk-taking perceptions. However, no significant differences in the mean scores between males and females in the financial and social domains of risk taking perception were found. The results further indicate that there is a significant difference in the means of the entrepreneurs with regard to their overall risk-taking perception in the ethical domain of risk-taking perception, health and safety risk-taking perception, recreational risk-taking perception as well as their business performance perceptions. The study also suggests that there is no correlation between business performance and risk-taking in entrepreneurs. The study highlights that there is no evidence to suggest that risk-taking in different genders plays a role as an indicator in business performance.

scholarly journals Skull Base Angle Morphometry in South Indian Population with Review on Terminology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veeramani Raveendranath ◽  
Prafulla Kumar Dash ◽  
Krishnan Nagarajan ◽  
Thangaraj Kavitha ◽  
Srinidhi Swathi
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Basal Angle ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Basal angle, Boogaard’s angle, and clival angle are frequently used in diagnosing the craniometric angle malformations either on radiography or now more on MRI. But anatomic and clinical studies have used varied terms for these parameters. We aimed to look for these parameters among a normal south Indian adult population to standardize the measurements and their terminology. Materials and Methods One hundred MRI images (50 males and 50 female) were studied retrospectively. MRI images that were reported as normal by neuroradiologist were taken up for the study. Mean and the standard deviation of males and females were calculated for basal angle, Boogaard’s angle, and clival angle, separately. Unpaired t-test was used to analyze the significant difference (p < 0.05) between the genders. The intraclass coefficient correlation was used to analyze the interobserver variability. Results The mean value of basal angle in males and females are 113°and 114°, respectively. The mean value of Boogaard’s angle in males and females are 120°and 121°, respectively. The mean value of clival angle in males and females are 157°and 155°, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between males and females in all three angles. Conclusion Knowledge about the normal angles will be an important tool in understanding the normal and abnormal skull base. Since the type of skull varies in accordance with race, the normal craniometric angle also varies in accordance with race. The present study tried to standardize the parameters of normal skull base angles for appropriate correction of the anomalies and uniform usage of terminology.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON HIGHER SECONDARY STUDENTS EMOTIONAL MATURITY AND ACHIEVEMENT IN ECONOMICS IN TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
M Rajakumar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
School Students ◽  
Emotional Maturity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study is to find out the Emotional Maturity and Achievement in Economics of higher secondary students in Tirunelveli District. 1060 Higher secondary students were taken as sample. The tool used to find out the Emotional Maturity is constructed and standardized by Emotional Maturity Scale Constructed and Validated by K.M.Roma Pal (1984). The Academic achievement in Economics was found out using the tool constructed by the investigator. The mean value of Emotional Maturity scores (136.53) indicates that the higher secondary students are having extremely unstable Emotional Maturity, The mean value of Achievement in Economics scores (M=75.47) indicates that the higher secondary students are having high Achievement in Economics. There is significant difference between male and female, Day scholar and Hostel staying Higher Secondary students with respect to their Emotional Maturity. There is no significant difference between rural and urban, Government and Aided Higher Secondary school students with respect to their Emotional Maturity. There is significant difference between male and female Higher Secondary students with respect to their Achievement in Economics. There is no significant difference between rural and urban, Day scholar and Hostel staying, Government and Aided Higher Secondary school students with respect to their Achievement in Economics.

Assessment of Agility in Elderly Population of Islamabad

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Maheen Khan ◽  
Sana Bashir ◽  
Humaira Hussain ◽  
Tayyaba Saman ◽  
Rida Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Missing Data Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Background: Agility is considered as one of the important components of physical fitness. In older adults, it is of utmost importance in response to any stimulus. The objective of this study was to determine normative values of agility in elderly population of Islamabad. Methods: A Cross-Sectional Survey was conducted in community settings of Islamabad from February–July 2019 after approval by the Ethical Review Committee of Foundation University Islamabad.  The calculated sample size was found to be 267, but due to missing data, analysis was done on 250(100 females and 150 males).   Participants were selected by convenient sampling. Physically independent participants were included and diseased population (severe musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiopulmonary disorders), decreased functional status affecting hearing, vision, memory recall was excluded from the study. PAR-Q was utilized in uncovering any possible health risks linked to exercise. For evaluation of agility, the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance (AAHPERD) Agility Test was performed. Agility scoring is based on time in seconds, with higher score representing less agility, and agility score of less than 62 represents good agility. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age, BMI and agility score of participants were 60.7±5.81 years, 26±4.30 kg/m² and 22.42±5.2 respectively. There was significant difference (P<0.001) in agility between males and females, with the mean agility score higher in females as compared to males. Similarly, Agility score was significantly high in females as compared to males in BMI range of 18.5 to >30 and all age categories. Conclusion: Elderly population of Pakistan has good agility score

scholarly journals Assessment of some liver enzyme activities in healthy Iraqi racing Horses

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
AL-Hadithy H. AH.
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

The current study was conducted for the measurement of normal range and mean value of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in (125) clinically normal Iraqi racing horses (males and females , Arabian and Crossbred) , aged 2 – 8 years ; < 4 , 4 and > 4 age groups . The results revealed that the range and the mean value ± SEM of these enzymes were as follows ; serum ALT 2 – 28 U/L and 11.07 ± 0.62 U/L, serum AST 30 – 210 U/L and 78.00 ± 3.62 U/L and serum ALP 63 – 204 IU/L and 96.84 ± 2.52 IU/L respectively .However, significant difference (P < 0.05) in serum ALT was recorded between Arabian and Crossbred , while serum AST values showed a significant differences (P < 0.05) between males and females , as well as between less and more than four years age groups .On the other hand , there was no significant difference in serum ALP values between the studied groups . In conclusion , this study recorded and established the normal range reference values and mean ± SEM of serum liver enzymes ALT , AST and ALP in clinically healthy Iraqi racing horses .

scholarly journals Cephalometric Soft Tissue Standard and Gender Dimorphism in Nasal Prominence estimated By Holdaway's Analysis in Patients visiting College of Dentistry, Aljouf University

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Ibadullah Kundi
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Tissue Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Introduction The objectives were to see the nasal prominence norm and the gender dimorphism in nasal prominence measured by Holdaway's soft tissue analysis. Materials and methods The sample size was 100 (50 males and 50 females). The subjects included in the study were of Saudi origin with class I skeletal and dental relationship and all teeth present. The age group of the patients was between 18 and 28 years. The radiographs were traced and analyzed by two students and cross-checked by an orthodontist. The nasal prominence was measured according to the technique described by Holdaway. Results The descriptive statistics were calculated for both male and female groups. The mean value of nasal prominence when male and female samples were combined was 14.08 mm. No statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.083) when genders were compared. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Conclusion No statistically significant difference was found when genders were compared. The value for males was normal while the value for females was less than Holdaway's normal. Clinical significance These values would aid in treatment planning for orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment. How to cite this article Kundi I. Cephalometric Soft Tissue Standard and Gender Dimorphism in Nasal Prominence estimated by Holdaway's Analysis in Patients visiting College of Dentistry, Aljouf University. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18(2):152-155.

scholarly journals Gender Assessment of Coping Strategies Adopted by Rural Households During Economic Recession: A Case of Osun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Dorcas Lola Alabi ◽  
Oluwagbenga Titus Alao ◽  
Michael Famakinwa ◽  
Temiloluwa Rebecca Ogunleke
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Frequency Counts

SummaryThe study assessed coping strategies adopted during economic recession by male and female members of rural households in Osun State, Nigeria. The study specifically examined the perceived causes of economic recession, investigated the perceived effects and identified the coping strategies adopted by the male and female members of the rural households during economic recession and their level of adoption. A multistage procedure was used to select 120 respondents from 6 local Government Areas of the State. An interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents. The collected data were analysed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, means and independent T-test analysis. The mean ages of the male and female respondents were 45.2 ± 14.1 years and 37 ± 12.6 years respectively. The majority of the males (78.3%) and females (80%) were married with the mean household size of 7 ± 3 people for the male and 6 ± 2 for the female respondents. The cause of economic recession mostly perceived by the male and female respondents was poor economic planning (mean=3.87, 3.77), while prioritizing spending (mean=2.80, 2.52) was the most adopted strategy by both males and females. No significant difference was found in the effects of economic recession on the male and female respondents (t = -0.19; p >0.05) and likewise no significant difference was found in their economic recession coping strategies (t=0.115; p ≥ 0.05). The study concluded that there was no significant difference in the economic recession coping strategies between the male and female members of rural households in the study area.

scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Pituitary Gland with Correlation of Age and Gender using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1476-1480
Author(s):  
Sunima Maskey ◽  
Dil Islam Mansur ◽  
Subindra Karki ◽  
Pragya Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: The pituitary gland is the master gland of the body. It’s size varies with age and gender. MRI is the safest and effective diagnostic tool for pituitary gland examination. Objectives: This study was aim to determine the anteroposterior, height and transverse dimensions of normal  pituitary gland in different age groups of both sex with MRI. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. It consisted of 567 images of individuals (242 males and 325 females) of various age from 20 to 70 years from the Department of Radio- diagnosis, Dhulikhel Hospital. Results: The mean anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension of pituitary gland is 9.74±1.18 mm, 5.95±1.11 mm and 11.65±2.15 mm respectively in which females have higher value. Independent sample t test showed highly significant differences (p< 0.05) between the mean anteroposterior dimension in males and females. The present study showed the mean value of anteroposterior dimension is maximum at age group 50-59.  The mean value of height, transverse dimension and volume of males and females is maximum at 20-29 age group and minimum at 70-79 age group. One way ANOVA shows that there is significant difference between in height, transverse dimension and volume at different age group (p< 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the height and volume of pituitary gland is maximum at second decade of life then it gradually decreases with age. The mean value of anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension showed greater value of females than males.

scholarly journals The distribution and reliability of TMS-evoked short- and long-latency afferent interactions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260663
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Toepp ◽  
Claudia V. Turco ◽  
Ravjot S. Rehsi ◽  
Aimee J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Motor Evoked Potential ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Afferent Inhibition ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI) occur when the motor evoked potential (MEP) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is reduced by the delivery of a preceding peripheral nerve stimulus. The intra-individual variability in SAI and LAI is considerable, and the influence of sample demographics (e.g., age and biological sex) and testing context (e.g., time of day) is not clear. There are also no established normative values for these measures, and their reliability varies from study-to-study. To address these issues and facilitate the interpretation of SAI and LAI research, we pooled data from studies published by our lab between 2014 and 2020 and performed several retrospective analyses. Patterns in the depth of inhibition with respect to age, biological sex and time of testing were investigated, and the relative reliability of measurements from studies with repeated baseline SAI and LAI assessments was examined. Normative SAI and LAI values with respect to the mean and standard deviation were also calculated. Our data show no relationship between the depth of inhibition for SAI and LAI with either time of day or age. Further, there was no significant difference in SAI or LAI between males and females. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for repeated measurements of SAI and LAI ranged from moderate (ICC = 0.526) to strong (ICC = 0.881). The mean value of SAI was 0.71 ± 0.27 and the mean value of LAI was 0.61 ± 0.34. This retrospective study provides normative values, reliability estimates, and an exploration of demographic and testing influences on these measures as assessed in our lab. To further facilitate the interpretation of SAI and LAI data, similar studies should be performed by other labs that use these measures.

Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Albrecht ◽  
Matthias Kotzsch ◽  
Gabriele Siegert ◽  
Thomas Luther ◽  
Heinz Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

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