scholarly journals Extraction of Iraqi Okra Seeds Oil and Study of its Properties During Different Periods

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Isar A.S. Al-Kanani ◽  
Sawsan. A.H. Al-Hilifi ◽  
Ali H. Abd-Al- Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ferrous Ion ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus

This study includes making comparison of Physic-chemical properties between three types of local okra seeds (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Oil which is (Petra, Batera and Husayniyah). The seeds were obtained from the local markets and diagnosed. Then they cleaned, dried and selected for homogeneous seeds in form and colour. The seeds were milled and the chemical composition measured  including (moisture, ash, protein, oil and carbohydrate).The extraction of oil was carried out. The antioxidant properties of the extracted  of oil were studied. The petra seed oil had the highest efficacy of 68%. While Husayniyah seed oil was higher than the other two types with the highest percentage  of chelating ferrous ion, scavenging of hydrogen peroxide and reducing power 70.42%, 58.43% and 75.56% respectively. The extracted oil is than stored at 50?C for 60 days follow changes in its antioxidant properties during storage. All antioxidant traits had a significant decrease in the storage period, reaching the lowest values at the end of storage.

scholarly journals THE ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUG DOXEPIN: A PROMISING ANTIOXIDANT

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Shauroseni Palchoudhuri ◽  
Debanjan Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Debalina Sinha Roy ◽  
Bidisha Ghosh ◽  
Sukhen Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ferrous Ion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cupric Ion ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Age Related

ABSTRACTObjective: Oxidative stress contributes to the pathophysiology of exposure to environmental pollutants and to different free radical generatingbiochemical reactions in a human system leading to various types of age-related ailments. An antioxidant is a substance capable of preventingor slowing down oxidation of other molecules. Administration of different natural or synthetic antioxidants can ably lead to prevention andattenuation of such stress-induced biochemical alterations. Best examples of natural antioxidants are plant-derived flavonoids. The presentstudy has been designated to determine antioxidant properties in antidepressant compound doxepin which is structurally similar to flavonoidquercetin.Methods: Antioxidant capacity in doxepin was determined with help of several standard conventional procedures such as phosphomolybdenumassay, Ferric ion and cupric ion reducing power assays, ferrous ion chelating activity assay, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide scavenging activityassays.Results: Doxepin showed a stable rise in its antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner as determined by ferric as well as cupric ion reducingcapacity and by phosphomolybdenum assay. An almost identical observation was noted while determining ferrous ion chelating activity. Furthermore,doxepin showed a strong nitric oxide scavenging activity in all the concentrations used in the study while its hydrogen peroxide scavenging activitywas only observed at 500 μg/ml of doxepin.Conclusion: Thus, our study opens up a new vista in search for antioxidants not only from plant sources but also from clinically establishedpharmaceutical compounds that are already in practical use among patients.Keywords: Antioxidant, Antidepressant, Doxepin, Quercetin, Flavanol, Flavonoids.

scholarly journals Kandungan Antioksidan Teh Hijau Daun Mangrove dan Uji Efektifitasnya Sebagai Antikolesterol Pada Mencit

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Analuddin Analuddin ◽  
Andi Septiana ◽  
Wa Ode Harlis
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Ceriops Tagal ◽  
Ceriops Decandra ◽  
Lumnitzera Racemosa

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan senyawa antioksidan teh hijau dan menjelaskan efektifitas teh hijau daun mangrove sebagai anticholesterol pada mencit. Senyawa kimia bahan antioksidaan teh hijau pada daun mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. parviflora, Rhizophora stylosa, R. mucronata, Lumnitzera racemosa, Ceriops tagal dan C. decandra dianalisis dengan GCMS, sedangkan khasiat teh hijau daun mangroves sebagai antikolesterol di ujikan pada mencit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa senyawa bahan teh hijau bervariasi diantara daun mangrove yaitu polifenol sederhana ditemukan pada daun semua jenis mangrove yang menjadi sampel penelitian dengan konsentrasi yang bervariasi. Senyawa katekin hanya ditemukan pada daun mangrove Ceriops decandra, L. racemosa, R. mucronata dan R. apiculata. Di sisi lain, flavonoid terdeteksi hanya pada daun C. tagal, B. gymnorrhiza dan R. stylosa, sedangkan senyawa T-flavin hanya ditemukan pada daun B. parviflora. Teh hijau daun mangrove mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol mencit dengan kisaran 33,33 sampai 53,67% mengindikasikan besarnya potensi daun mangrove sebagai bahan  teh hijau antikolesterol.Kata kunci: bahan teh hijau, polifenol sederhana, katekin, flavonoid, antikolesterol, daun mangroveABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the antioxidant properties of green tea material in mangrove leaves and elucidate their capacity on reducing the cholesterol of mice. The chemical properties in  leaves of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, B. parviflora, Rhizophora stylosa, R. mucronata, Lumnitzera racemosa, Ceriops tagal and C. decandra were analyzed by GCMS, while their capability as anticholesterol of mice were examined. The results showed that simple polyphenols were found in all sampled mangrove leaves with different concentration, while the chatechine was found only in leaves of four mangroves including Ceriops decandra, L. racemosa, R. mucronata and R. apiculata. On the other hand, flavonoids was detected only in leaves of C. tagal,  B. gymnorrhiza and R. stylosa. Meanwhile, T-flavine was detected only in leaves of B. parviflora. However, green tea material for all of sampled mangroves showed high capacity to reduce cholesterol of mice that ranging from 33.33% to 53.67%, which indicated high potentitiality of mangroves leaves as green tea material of anticholesterol.Keywords: Green tea material, simple polyphenol, cathechin, flavonoid, anticholesterol, Mangroves leaves

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibition and Antimutagenic Properties of Eight Mushroom Species: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sinan Alkan ◽  
Ahmet Uysal ◽  
Giyasettin Kasik ◽  
Sanja Vlaisavljevic ◽  
Sanja Berežni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Bioactive Agents ◽  
Inhibition Ability

This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and biologic activities of eight mushroom species (Amanita crocea, Hemileccinum depilatum, Cyclocybe cylindracea, Lactarius deliciosus, Hygrocybe acutoconica, Neoboletus erythropus, Russula aurea and Russula sanguinea). The antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and mutagenic/antimutagenic activities were evaluated to provide data on the biologic activities. With respect to the chemical composition, LC–MS/MS technique was used to determine individual phenolic compounds present in the extracts. Antioxidant properties were investigated by different chemical methods including radical quenching (DPPH and ABTS), reducing power (CUPRAC and FRAP), phosphomolybdenum and metal chelating. In the enzyme inhibitory assays, cholinesterases, tyrosinase, amylase and glucosidase were used. Mutagenic and antimutagenic properties were evaluated by the Ames assay. In general, the best antioxidant abilities were observed from H. depilatum and N. erythropus, which also showed highest level of phenolics. The best cholinesterase inhibition ability was found from C. cylindracea (1.02 mg GALAE/g for AChE; 0.99 mg GALAE/g for BChE). Tyrosinase inhibition ability varied from 48.83 to 54.18 mg KAE/g. The extracts exhibited no mutagenic effects and showed significant antimutagenic potential. H. acutoconica, in particular depicted excellent antimutagenicity with a ratio of 97% for TA100 and with a rate of 96% for TA98 strain against mutagens in the presence of metabolic activation system. Results presented in this study tend to show that the mushroom species could be exploited as potential sources of therapeutic bioactive agents, geared towards the management of oxidative stress, global health problems and cancer.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Properties and Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extracts of Two Varieties of Bayberry fruit (Myrica rubra Sieb et Zucc.) Prepared by Stirring and Ultrasonic Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Hung LIN ◽  
Chun-Ping LU ◽  
Jia-Wei CHAO ◽  
Yi-Ping YU
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Myrica Rubra ◽  
Ultrasonic Methods ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) is an economically important medicinal plant with multiple uses. Two varieties ‘Dongkui Oriental Pearl’ (Dongkui for short) and acuminata ‘Nakai’ (Nakai for short) were used to compare and evaluate the antioxidant activities of hydroethanolic extracts of the fruit using ultrasonic and stirring extraction methods. Dongkui bayberry fruit extract (BFE) prepared using the ultrasonic method exhibited a significantly higher value for the total phenolic content (TPC) and had lower 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as reducing power compared to the other treatment. The TPC of the BFE was significantly correlated with its DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 radical-scavenging and reducing power activities. Dongkui BFE at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL exhibited significantly greater protection of RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages against H2O2-induced damage and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide production by macrophages, and it displayed remarkable inhibitory effects compared to the other extracts using the ultrasonic extraction method. Furthermore, compared to the Nakai BFE, macrophages exposed to the Dongkui BFE by the ultrasonic extraction method significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α at a concentration of the extract of 0.25 mg/mL. The antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory and protective effects of BFE prepared by stirring and ultrasonic methods are discussed for the first time in this study.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

Effects of Cell Surface Charge and Hydrophobicity on Attachment of 16 Salmonella Serovars to Cantaloupe Rind and Decontamination with Sanitizers†

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1835-1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIKE O. UKUKU ◽  
WILLIAM F. FETT
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Cell Surface Charge ◽  
Salmonella Serovars

Adherence of bacteria to cantaloupe rind is favored by surface irregularities such as roughness, crevices, and pits, thus reducing the ability of washing or sanitizer treatments to remove or inactivate attached cells. In this study, we compared the surface charge and hydrophobicity of two cantaloupe-related outbreak strains of Salmonella Poona (RM2350 and G-91-1595) to those of 14 additional Salmonella strains using electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The relative abilities of the 16 strains to attach to cantaloupe surfaces and resist removal by washing with water, chlorine (200 ppm), or hydrogen peroxide (2.5%) for 5 min after a storage period of up to 7 days at 5 to 20°C also were determined. Whole cantaloupes were inoculated with each pathogen at 8.36 log CFU/ml, dried for 1 h inside a biosafety cabinet, stored, and then subjected to the washing treatments. Only the positive surface charge of the two cantaloupe-related strains of Salmonella Poona was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the other strains. Initial bacterial attachment to cantaloupe surfaces ranged from 3.68 to 4.56 log CFU/cm2 (highest values for Salmonella Michigan, Newport, Oranienburg, and Mbandaka). The average percentage of the total bacterial population strongly attached to the cantaloupe surface for the Salmonella serovars studied ranged from 0.893 to 0.946 at 5°C and from 0.987 to 0.999 at 25°C. Washing inoculated melons with water did not produce a significant reduction in the concentration of the pathogens (P > 0.05). Chlorine and hydrogen peroxide treatments caused an average 3-log reduction when applied 20 to 40 min postinoculation. However, sanitizer treatments applied 60 min or more postinoculation were less effective (approximately 2.5-log reduction). No significant differences were noted in sanitizer efficacy against the individual strains (P > 0.05). The two cantaloupe-related outbreak Salmonella Poona strains did not significantly differ from the other Salmonella strains tested in negative cell surface charge or hydrophobicity, were not more effective in attaching to whole melon surfaces, and were not more resistant to the various washing treatments when present on rinds.

scholarly journals The Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Plant Growth, Mineral Accumulation, as Well as Biological and Chemical Properties of Ficus deltoidea

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Nurnaeimah ◽  
Nashriyah Mat ◽  
Khamsah Suryati Mohd ◽  
Noor Afiza Badaluddin ◽  
Nornasuha Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Ficus Deltoidea ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mineral Accumulation ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is defined as a reactive oxygen species (ROS), able to cause damage to a variety of cellular structures. On the other hand, recent work has demonstrated that H2O2 can also act as a potent signaling molecule that mediates various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of H2O2 on the growth, mineral nutrient accumulation, as well as the biologic and chemical properties of Ficus deltoidea var. deltoidea. F. deltoidea plants were spray-treated with 0- (control), 8-, 16-, 30- and 60-mM H2O2 under field conditions. Plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and quantum yield of the F. deltoidea plants significantly increased after treatment with 16 and 30-mM H2O2. The results indicate that 60-mM H2O2 increased the accumulation of arsenic, iron and sodium content in the leaves of F. deltoidea. On the other hand, 8-mM H2O2 significantly enhanced the accumulation of arsenic, iron, calcium and potassium content in the syconium of F. deltoidea plants. In addition, H2O2 treatment did not produce any significant effects on antimony and magnesium accumulation in the leaves or the syconium of F. deltoidea plants. The results show that the F. deltoidea plant has strong antidiabetic properties and its α-glucosidase activity increased in treated plants compared to standard acarbose. Hydrogen peroxide, particularly in concentrations of 16 and 30 mM, increased the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content and the vitexin and isovitexin content. There was a positive correlation between antioxidant activity with total phenol and total flavonoid content in H2O2-treated plants. The quantitative analysis by HPTLC indicates that the amount of vitexin and isovitexin increased with the higher concentrations of H2O2. From this study, it can be concluded that spraying 16 and 30-mM H2O2 once a week enhances growth, mineral accumulation and stimulates bioactive compounds of the F. deltoidea plants.

scholarly journals ONE-POT-TWO-STEP SYNTHESIS OF BIOLUBRICANT BASE STOCK FROM RUBBER SEED OIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.O . Madojemu ◽  
E.A. Elimian ◽  
M.C. Ejimadu ◽  
C.O. Okieimen ◽  
F.E. Okieimen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Stock ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Physico Chemical

Biolubricant base stock was synthesized in this work from rubber seed oil in a one-pot-two-step process of epoxidation and hydroxylation. Rubber seed oil was extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus. The in situ epoxidation of the rubber seed oil with peracid (hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid) was analysed and optimized considering three process variables with their range of values given as temperature of 35-50 , time of 60-180 mins and mole ratio of hydrogen peroxide to acetic acid of 1:0.25-1:1 by applying the central composite design of response surface methodology. The ring opening reaction (hydroxylation) of the epoxide to polyhydroxylated oil (lubricant basestock) with ethanol was carried out using the optimum conditions obtained from the epoxidation process. The rubber seed oil, epoxide and lubricant basestock were characterized in terms of physico-chemical properties using standard methods and in terms of functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Maximum epoxide content of 4.85% and maximum conversion of 71% of rubber seed oil to epoxide was achieved at a temperature of 50􀀀 , reaction time of 180 mins and 1: 0.39 mol/mol of hydrogen peroxide to acetic acid. The predicted values of the epoxidation process reasonably agreed with the experimental ones and model R-squared value of about 95% showed that response surface method can reasonably predict the epoxidation process using a quadratic polynomial model. There was 75% conversion of the epoxide to polyhydroxylated oil (biolubricant basestock), which represents a very high yield. The formation of epoxides and polyhydroxylated oil lead to modification (improvement) in the properties of rubber seed oil as confirmed by the physico-chemical properties and FTIR spectra analysis of the oil, epoxide and lubricant basestock. The study showed that chemical derivatives of rubber seed oils are an attractive, renewable, and ecofriendly alternative to mineral oils for lubricant formulations.

scholarly journals Alternanthera bicolor Produces Hypoglycemic Effect in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice through its Antioxidant Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Kousik Ahmed Khan ◽  
Manik Zahan ◽  
Fatema Zohura Talukder ◽  
Riaz Uddin ◽  
Manik Chandra Shill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Dpph Radical

The current investigation was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant properties of ethanolic extract of Alternanthera bicolor and to assess the potential hypoglycemic effect of the extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. HPLC-DAD method was used to determine polyphenolic compounds present in the extract. Different in vitro assays (i.e. DPPH radical scavenging activity test, reducing power test, NO radical inhibition assay and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide) were used to determine the antioxidant potential of the plant. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by glucose tolerance test and standard biochemical analyses. HPLC-DAD analysis of the extract confirmed the presence of (+)-catechin hydrate, caffeic acid, quercetin and kaempferol. A. bicolor showed potent antioxidant activities in DPPH radical, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenging assays. Moreover, A. bicolor showed potent reducing power and dose-dependent increment of total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the plant showed potent hypoglycemic activities in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Ethanolic extract of the plant at doses of 200- and 400-mg/kg body weight (administered orally for 3 weeks) significantly decreased the elevated levels of blood glucose, lipid peroxidation product TBARS, hydroperoxides and nitric oxide in experimental animals. Apart from these activities, the ethanolic extract of the plant restored the reduced catalase function in liver. From this study, we can conclude that ethanolic extract of A. bicolor exhibited hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 49-60, 2019 (June)

scholarly journals Peptides from Different Carcass Elements of Organic and Conventional Pork—Potential Source of Antioxidant Activity

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Kęska ◽  
Sascha Rohn ◽  
Michał Halagarda ◽  
Karolina M. Wójciak
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
The Other ◽  
Iron Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Organic Foods ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Conventional Foods

The growing consumer interest in organic foods, as well as, in many cases, the inconclusiveness of the research comparing organic and conventional foods, indicates a need to study this issue further. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of meat origin (conventional vs. organic) and selected elements of the pork carcass (ham, loin, and shoulder) on the meat proteome and the antioxidant potential of its peptides. The peptidomic approach was used, while the ability of antioxidants to scavenge 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), to chelate Fe(II) ions, and to reduce Fe(III) was determined. Most peptides were derived from myofibrillary proteins. The meat origin and the element of the pork carcass did not have a significant effect on the proteome. On the other hand, the pork origin and the carcass element significantly affected the iron ion-chelating capacity (Fe(II)) and the reducing power of peptides. In particular, pork ham from conventional rearing systems had the best antioxidant properties in relation to potential antioxidant peptides. This could be a factor for human health, as well as for stabilized meat products (e.g., toward lipid oxidation).

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils from Peppermint, Native Spearmint and Scotch Spearmint

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohai Wu ◽  
Bie Tan ◽  
Yanhong Liu ◽  
James Dunn ◽  
Patricia Martorell Guerola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Natural antioxidants have drawn growing interest for use in animal feed and the food industry. In the current study, essential oils (EOs) obtained from hydrodistillation of three mentha species, including Mentha piperita (peppermint), Mentha spicata (native spearmint) and Mentha gracilis (Scotch spearmint), harvested in the Midwest region in the United States, were analyzed for their chemical composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and their antioxidant properties were assessed through chemical assays, in vitro cell culture modeling and in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The activity of ferric iron reduction and free-radical scavenging capacity were assessed through chemical-based assays, including the reducing power assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (TEAC). Subsequently, the capacity of EOs to mitigate lipid peroxidation was analyzed at various doses using fresh liver homogenates from pigs. A porcine jejunum epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) was employed as in vitro model to study the cellular antioxidant activity of the mint EOs. Finally, the effectiveness of mint EOs to alleviate acute systemic oxidative damage were evaluated in vivo using C. elegans. Data were analyzed by the MIXED procedure of SAS. Contrast statement was performed to assess linear or quadratic effects of mint EOs given at various doses. All three EOs are mostly composed of monoterpenes and their derivatives (76–90%), but differed in the major compounds, which are menthol and menthone (50%) in peppermint EO and carvone (70%) in spearmint EOs. Three mint EOs demonstrated prominent radical scavenging and Fe3+ reducing activity in chemical-based assays. In comparison with native and Scotch spearmint EOs, peppermint EO had the lowest (p < 0.05) half maximal effective concentration (EC50) in DPPH and TEAC assays and higher efficacy in the reducing power assay. All three EOs exhibited equivalent activity in mitigation of chemical-induced lipid peroxidation in liver tissues in a dose-dependent manner (linear, p < 0.001). The maximal cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) was observed at 5 µg/mL for peppermint, and 100 µg/mL for native and Scotch spearmint EOs. The addition of 25 µg/mL of both spearmint EOs increased (p < 0.05) cellular concentrations of glutathione in H2O2-treated IPEC-J2 cells, suggesting enhanced endogenous antioxidant defense. Supplementation of 100 µg/mL of peppermint or Scotch spearmint EO significantly increased (p < 0.05) the survival rate of C. elegans in response to H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The protective effect is comparable to that of supplementation of 10 µg/mL of ascorbic acid. However native spearmint EO failed to reduce the death rate within the same supplementation dose (10–200 μg/mL).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document