scholarly journals MODEL OF BIOENERGY CLUSTER FOR RENEWABLE FUELS MANUFACTURING FROM CROPS AND WASTE

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-42
Author(s):  
Grygorii KALETNIK ◽  
Natalia PRYSHLIAK
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
General Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
And Training

The implementation of the cluster approach is quite relevant in connection with the need to ensure economic and energy security of the state in general and the fuel and energy complex of the country in particular. A promising area for strengthening the energy security of the state is the development of bioenergy. One of the main problems of bioenergy is the uneven distribution and redistribution of raw materials and products of bioenergy. Both problems are most clearly manifested in territorial aspects. But at the same time, they lead to another serious problem - the inconsistency of production and sale of bioenergy products, and hence the impossibility of implementation and development of bioenergy. The article reveals the taxonomy of cluster formations in the economy. The question of the possibility of forming bioenergy clusters of biofuel production from bioenergy crops and wastes is described. It is established that the founder of the cluster approach was A. Marshall. Approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «cluster» of leading world and domestic scientists, as well as international organizations have been studied. The general structure of the cluster is described and the groups of interacting subjects of the bioenergy cluster are determined. The model of the territorial bioenergy cluster of biofuel production from agricultural crops and wastes is formed, its features and reconfiguration are determined. The advantages of creating bioenergy clusters are identified. All links of the cluster should increase the profitability and competitiveness of the industry’s products, ensure the sale of bioenergy products and find the most optimal and most profitable options for the production and sale of products. A PEST matrix of analysis of bioenergy clusters formation is constructed. The main bases of state support of bioenergy clusters are determined. The All-Ukrainian Research and Training Consortium Educational Research and Production Complex is described as an example of a cluster that ensures the development of bioenergy. Prospects for the formation of bioenergy clusters for the production of biofuels from crops and waste in Ukraine are identified.

Functionality, Commemoration and Civic Competition: A Study of Early Seventeenth-Century Workhouse Design and Building in Reading and Newbury

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 77-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Parallel Development ◽  
The Poor ◽  
New Public ◽  
Training Schools ◽  
And Training ◽  
Causes Of Poverty

In December 1624, the London draper and merchant adventurer, John Kendrick (Fig. 1), died leaving a large proportion of his considerable fortune to charitable causes. Like other early seventeenth-century metropolitan benefactors, he sought to attack the causes of poverty as well as to relieve its impact, and his legacies included the sums of £7,500 and £4,000, bequeathed respectively to the Berkshire towns of Reading and Newbury, to establish workhouses for the employment of the poor. Workhouses were a relatively new public institution at this date. In the wake of the dissolution of both monasteries and religious guilds in the 1530s and 1540s, and consequent decline in charitable support to the poor, urban authorities experimented with a range of measures to relieve poverty. A small number of towns and cities, including York (1567) and Chester (1577), used charitable funds and locally raised poor rates to establish workhouses to provide work and training to the poor. The workhouses were not residential and in some cases merely acted as distribution points for raw materials to be processed at home. In a parallel development, other towns and cities, including London (1555) and Ipswich (1569) established houses of correction to punish vagrants and to force them to work. Some also provided training schools for the young. The state moved quickly to endorse such measures. Legislation was introduced in 1576 requiring justices of the peace to supply stocks of wool, hemp, flax, iron or other materials to provide work for the poor and to establish houses of correction in each county for incorrigible rogues and those who refused to work. Penalties for non-compliance with the legislation were introduced in 1610.

PECULIARITIES OF EU ENERGY SAFETY IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY TRANSITION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Tymchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Fossil Energy

The in the context of energy security, the state of development of the energy transition in different countries and their groupings is considered. It is concluded that subcritical anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases become threshold parameters for problems with the exhaustion date of fossil energy raw materials. In respect of overcoming the noted threats to energy safety for Ukraine, a number of mandatory trends in the development of its energy sector have been identified.

scholarly journals Ecological Bio Energy Materials in Ukraine Current State and Prospects of Production Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
V. M. Sinchenko ◽  
V. S. Bondar ◽  
M. Ya. Gumentyk ◽  
Yu. A. Pastukh
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Current State ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
High Degree

The article presents the results of the analysis of the state of bioenergy in Ukraine in recent years, and notes a significant gap between its development indicators and those of other countries in the world. Measures for accelerated rates of biofuel production for the period up to 2025 and its projected indicators are substantiated. In particular, total biofuel production in Ukraine should increase from 2.83 million to 6.2 million tons, including: solid types up to - 3.5 million tons BOE, liquid-up to 0.7 million tons BOE, biogas-up to 2.0 million tons BOE. The list of main types of raw materials for biofuel production is given. The economic, technological, and economic characteristics of the main bioenergy crops, plantations of which are recommended to be laid in the coming years, are given. These performance indicators are obtained in production experiments, especially the ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen, as well as reduce emissions of harmful substances during combustion. It is established that such a crop as Paulownia is the fastest growing plant (5-6 m per year). Another advantage of Paulownia is the high degree of environmental friendliness. One hectare consumes 1200 tons of CO2, significantly improving degraded, marginal land. The recommendations for the creation of industrial plantations of bioenergy crops and the material and technical base for processing are substantiated. Total costs for bioenergy by 2025 in the amount of $ 1,379 million have been determined. Proposal for co-operation of producers and processors of bio-raw materials at the local level is suggested.

scholarly journals Resource potential of bioethanol and biodiesel production in Ukraine

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grygorii Kaletnik ◽  
Olena Prutska ◽  
Natalia Pryshliak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
The State ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
The World ◽  
Energy Shortage

Abstract Recently the biofuel production has significantly increased all over the world. In Ukraine this trend is increasing under the influence of such factors as the need to overcome the energy shortage, reduce dependence on oil imports and availability of powerful natural resource potential. The aim of the article is assessment of the resource potential of bioethanol and biodiesel production in Ukraine both for domestic needs and for export. Data from the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine on production and exports volumes of major bioenergy crops is analyzed and the potential volume of biofuels production in Ukraine is calculated for achievement the research objectives. The importance of shift from exportoriented agriculture to energy crops production for their processing into biofuels within the country is described

scholarly journals Technological bases of creation of industrial plantations of high-yield bioenergy crops

Bioenergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ya. Humentyk
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fuel ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Generating Equipment

Purpose. To develop technological bases of creation of industrial plantations on the basis of highly productive bioenergy crops, their cultivation, harvesting and supply of biomass for ensuring uninterrupted operation of heat-generating equipment in solid fuel boilers throughout the heating season. Research methods. In the research process, we have used the common scientific methods: the system analysis of trends in bioenergy development in Ukraine; series of dynamics of creation of production plantations of bioenergy plants; expert estimates of actual biofuel production; computer processing of acreage sizes, yields and gross harvest of bio-raw materials; forecasting of biofuel production and development of logistical base. Results. Тhe productivity of perennial bioenergy crops has been investigated. The technological basis for the creation of industrial plantations has been developed. Effective methods for collecting and supplying biomass for uninterrupted operation of heat generating equipment in solid fuel boilers throughout the heating season are substantiated. Сonclusions. To create an efficient scheme of thermal energy production under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine it is necessary to organize a planned supply of fuel chips and to develop an individual scheme of the energy conveyor to provide the heating season with raw materials based on the required amount of biomass on average: energy willow and poplar 14 t/ha; miscanthus and swichgrass 20 t/ha.

Establishing knowledge-based and digital cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses, science and the State through a cluster approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2089-2110
Author(s):  
A.V. Ivanchenko ◽  
E.S. Mezentseva
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
The State ◽  
Sverdlovsk Oblast ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Cluster Network ◽  
Digital Development

Subject. This article discusses the issues of innovative and digital development of the economy. Objectives. The article aims to justify the benefits of cluster cooperation and networking between different structures. Methods. For the study, we used systems, logical, structural, and comparative analyses, generalization and statistical methods, and the cluster-network and institutional approaches. Results. The article substantiates the role and position of small business in the innovation development of the Sverdlovsk Oblast and identifies trends of innovation and digital advancement. Conclusions. The cluster theory, supplemented with the Triple Helix concept, can be a basis for rationale for effective ways of integrating economic agents. Small innovative business has significant potential for sustainability, but it needs additional financial support from the State.

Safety assessment of biological raw materials in the system of medicines quality assurance

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Yu. Olefir ◽  
E. Sakanyan ◽  
I. Osipova ◽  
V. Dobrynin ◽  
M. Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
First Time ◽  
Medicines Quality

The entry of a wide range of biotechnological products into the pharmaceutical market calls for rein-forcement of the quality, efficacy and safety standards at the state level. The following general monographs have been elaborated for the first time to be included into the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition: "Viral safety" and "Reduction of the risk of transmitting animal spongiform encephalopathy via medicinal products". These general monographs were elaborated taking into account the requirements of foreign pharmacopoeias and the WHO recommendations. The present paper summarises the key aspects of the monographs.

The sugar and alcohol industry in the biofuels and cogeneration era: a paradigm change (part II)

2014 ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Electo Eduardo Silv Lora ◽  
Mateus Henrique Rocha ◽  
José Carlos Escobar Palacio ◽  
Osvaldo José Venturini ◽  
Maria Luiza Grillo Renó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Steam Parameters

The aim of this paper is to discuss the major technological changes related to the implementation of large-scale cogeneration and biofuel production in the sugar and alcohol industry. The reduction of the process steam consumption, implementation of new alternatives in driving mills, the widespread practice of high steam parameters use in cogeneration facilities, the insertion of new technologies for biofuels production (hydrolysis and gasification), the energy conversion of sugarcane trash and vinasse, animal feed production, process integration and implementation of the biorefinery concept are considered. Another new paradigm consists in the wide spreading of sustainability studies of products and processes using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the implementation of sustainability indexes. Every approach to this issue has as an objective to increase the economic efficiency and the possibilities of the sugarcane as a main source of two basic raw materials: fibres and sugar. The paper briefly presents the concepts, indicators, state-of-the-art and perspectives of each of the referred issues.

Material costs in productural productivity structure: world trends and impact on development of the domestic economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
N. V. Firov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Material Costs

A comparative analysis of the prices of raw materials, fuel, electricity in Russia and Western countries, the dynamics of their growth and impact on the national economy. It is shown that in the interests of the country's economic development and improving the welfare of the population, it is necessary to use its natural resources more effectively, to pursue a more stringent and at the same time balanced policy to curb the growth of prices, taking into account the interests of the state and business.

Pendayagunaan Sampah Menjadi Produk Kerajinan

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nur Fatoni ◽  
Rinaldy Imanuddin ◽  
Ahmad Ridho Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Garbage Disposal ◽  
Waste Separation ◽  
And Training

Waste management is still defined as limited to collection, transportation and garbage disposal. The follow-up of the meaning is the provision of facilities such as garbage bins, garbage trucks and waste collection land. Waste management has not included waste separation. Segregation of waste can minimize the amount of waste that must be discharged to the final place. Segregation of waste can supply recyclable raw materials and handicrafts made from garbage. The manufacture of handicraft products from garbage is still local and requires socialization and training. It is needed to increase the number of craftsmen and garbage absorption on the crafters. Through careful socialization and training, citizens' awareness of waste management becomes advanced by making handicrafts of economic value from waste materials.

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