scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism Industry: Possible Reconciliation Strategy for Bangladeshi Tourism Industry

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Travel ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization

The novel corona virus (COVID-19) has created a significant impact with international travel bans affecting over 90% of the world population and extensive restrictions on public gatherings and community mobility, tourism mainly comes to a halt in March 2020. Especially Tourism is at a risk to assess to counteract pandemics because of restricting mobility and social distancing. This paper is based on secondary document analysis from various journals, newspaper articles, World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation (BPC), reports, and papers of various tourism-related Bangladeshi organizations’ (PATA, TEAB, TOAB etc.). The paper provides a critical assessment of the reported impacts of COVID-19 on global tourism, particularly on Bangladesh, and is looking for way-out and regional recovery suggestions against the uncertainty of COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, Travel, Community, Mobility, Tourism, Pandemics, Global, Bangladesh

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Pandemic Leading Crisis in Tourism Industry of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 108-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimesh Ulak
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
United Nation

The aim of this paper is to explore and illuminate the preliminary impacts of novel coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) in tourism industry of Nepal. The spillover impact of pandemic has been seen in almost every sector globally. Many scholars and practitioners have already started rethinking and researching in different disciplines based on issues regarding COVID-19. Some of the disciplines are International tourism, health sector, international economy, global politics, human civilization, sustainability and so on. The United Nation World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and World Health Organization (WHO) are closely cooperating for understanding the severe impact of escalation of coronavirus on the human health and damage in the world economy as well as tourism sector (UNWTO, 2020). There are uncountable job losses recorded in tourism industry due to stranded traveller’s mobility after many nations including Nepal declared lockdown as a strategy to control the spread of virus Therefore, devastating Airlines, shuttered borders, halt of transportation means and cancellation of rooms in hotels have a vigorous impact on tourism industry than the COVID-19 outbreak itself. It is obvious to experience changes in tourism industry; tourist’s behavior and their reluctance to travel for few years. However, travel of humans for any motives will provide spectrum to tourism mobility. The epidemic has drastically turned into pandemic as the virus has transferred to almost all the nations of the globe without visa so far.

Ethics of Global Tourism

2012 ◽  
pp. 200-209
Author(s):  
Loykie Lomine
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Tourism Organization

The global tourism industry may provide millions of jobs and billions of enjoyable days for travellers and holiday-makers, but it also requires ethical consideration. This chapter starts by examining the ethics of global tourism around two questions: Firstly, are some tourist destinations unethical? Secondly, are some forms of tourism unethical? These two thematic presentations, based on many examples and controversies, are followed by a short discussion of two key concepts which help conceptualize the ethics of global tourism: exploitation and sustainability. The adoption of a Global Code of Ethics for Tourism by the United Nations World Tourism Organization in 1999, the publication of articles) and then books about tourism ethics, the implementation of corporate social responsibility policies in the tourist industry, as well as the increasing demand for ethical tourism products all show that ethics has now entered global tourism, both in practice and in theory.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism: A Case Study of Lumbini, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-43
Author(s):  
Bhim Bahadur Kunwar
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to discover and present the impacts of COVID-19 in tourism in the context of Lumbini and its premises. As COVID-19 spread globally, it has created many challenges in health and security, daily lives, the national economy, and the global tourism industry. The COVID-19 outbreak has been considered as the most challenging tragedy that occurred in the world after the 2nd world war. The World Health Organization (WHO) had listed Nepal also as a country with a high-risk zone of COVID-19.The travel restriction and nationwide lock-down implemented by many countries including Nepal have resulted in a stranded traveler’s movement. As the consequences ticket reservation, flight services, transportation, hotel, and restaurants were closed and several job losses were registered in the tourism sector. The negative effects like fear, threat, frustration, and losing the confidence of tourism entrepreneurs appeared. This has brought changes in the tourists’ behavior and their motivation to travel for the next few years. In Lumbini businesses like lodges, hotels, restaurants, and travel offices were also severely affected by the pandemic. Thus, the tourism sector has been facing serious threats due to the prolonged lockdown and closing of tourism activities than the terror of COVID-19 itself.

Scale Development and Validation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Gupta ◽  
Arun Aggarwal ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Anchal
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
The Impact

The current paper takes a tourism-focused perspective to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the attitude of the tourist to travel. For this, the present paper conceptualize, develop, and validate the multi-dimensional scale on preventive measures of COVID-19. Further, we have developed a new model named Financial Crisis from Contagious Disease (FCCD)-stimulator to assess the impact of the virus on the short term performance of the global tourism industry. The study was exploratory, where initial items were generated through the qualitative method. The purification of the scale items and extraction of the distinct factors were performed through a quantitative approach (exploratory factor analysis). Further, the confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the scale. The findings of the study manifested a multi-dimensional scale measuring the preventive measures of COVID-19 in the tourism context. The research renders a 25 item scale with four distinct factors named Isolation (7-items), Quarantine (7-items), Social Distancing (6-items), and Community Containment (5-items). The present scale will add to the literature of COVID-19 in the context of the tourism industry. The authors assume that this will be the first comprehensive scale, prepared on the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO), that will measure the effect of preventive measures of COVID-19 on the attitude of the tourist to travel during a pandemic situation.

scholarly journals SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF ORGANIZING LEISURE TIME IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Olga V. Nazarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Time ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
State Programs ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Services

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that one of the most common forms of recreation for the population is tourism, which is developing at a faster pace than other types of similar services.Ukraine, restructuring its economy on market principles, is included in the global tourism process, as evidenced by the growth of tourist flows and the increase in the volume of activities ofthe reformed tourism industry. In our country, the legislative and regulatory framework is deve-loping (the laws of Ukraine «On Tourism», «On Resorts» and other legislative acts, decrees of the President and resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers), the national tourism industry is being built according to world standards (State programs for the development of tourism), which make it possible to implement state tourism policy and influence the formation of the national tourism market. The international recognition of Ukraine as a tourist state is fixed by its admission to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), which now has 158 member countries, and by the election of the first among the CIS countries to the Executive Council of the WTO.The inclusion of Ukraine in the global tourism process, the development of the tourism industry and the activities of the subjects of the tourism market require scientific substantiation of the directions of development and problems of the geospatial organization of national tourism on the basis of generalizing world trends and their scientific understanding.Keywords:recreation, tourism, services, tourist animation, leisure, factors of tourism development, infrastructure.

scholarly journals Proposed Vernacular-Ecotourism Guidelines as A tool to Preserve Vernacular Architecture in Nubia, Egypt.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Mostafa Gabr ◽  
Wael Kamel ◽  
Ghada Gamal El-din Gaber
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Social Exchanges ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization

Nature and culture have always offered a variety of resources for tourism in different areas. Furthermore, the fact that these assets are key for choice makers whatsoever, levels on aggravate suitable arrangements for the enhancing of ecotourism. As per the World Tourism Organization, ecotourism has been estimated to account between 10% to 15% of all international travel expenditures, it seems to be even faster than the tourism industry, as it represents 20% of the world travel market. Research assumes that despite large portions of vernacular dwells exist in Egypt, (but desired) to package vernacular architecture traditions and quantitative design knowledge to modern building designers. The aim of this study is to develop and preserve the identity of vernacular architecture in ecotourism sectors in Nubia, Egypt so that they could develop the economy and urban texture as well, and to outline the role of natural and cultural Egyptian rural communities to protect and preserve their heritage and their ecotourism resources as well. This study will assess and analyse six different international, national and local ecotourism rating manuals and certifications as well to seek the common ecotourism criteria to preserve vernacular architecture, then outline preservation vernacular-ecotourism Guidelines passed on ecotourism criteria and indicators, then validate it with efficient scale like Likert scale to be easy to use by decision makers. The research main findings based on the performance of selected vernacular-ecotourism case studies in Nubia, Egypt, were the criteria of vernacular ecotourism preservation. The research will accentuate that the Nubian building technology could be useful for redesign ecotourism resorts in rural community in Egypt. Sustainable architecture planning is a capable apparatus for making ecotourism offices that encourage aware and widening social exchanges.

HIV, International Travel and Tourism: Global Issues and Pacific Perspectives

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Davis Lewis ◽  
Jodi Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
International Travel ◽  
World Health ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Year 2000

AIDS, like plagues throughout human history, has been blamed repeatedly on foreigners. This has heightened ramifications, from the personal to the geopolitical, in an era of escalating population movement and rapid international travel. By the end of 1990, the World Health Organization had estimated that the total number of AIDS cases worldwide was close to 1.3 million1. Recent estimates suggest that by the year 2000, 38-100 million adults and over 10 million children will have been infected with HIV2. Seventy-five to eighty-five percent of that number will be from the developing world. AIDS has rapidly become pandemic, with wide-ranging consequences for humankind. Human population movement is an important component in the natural history of AIDS. With respect to this, a central consideration is the relationship between AIDS and international travel, especially tourism. In this paper, after reviewing HTV in the Asia-Pacific region, we present the epidemiology of HIV in the Pacific Islands, discuss its impact with particular reference to population movement, and explore some of the specific challenges that the Pacific Island region faces.

scholarly journals A Survey on some of the Global Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishaani Priyadarshini
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Time Period ◽  
High Tech Product ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Ever since COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, it has gained a lot of popularity. Within a span of two months, it managed to travel across the globe and affected more than a million people, resulting in several deaths. The World Health Organization recently declared COVID-19 as a pandemic over the number of cases registered by country. However, there is a lot more to just people being infected by the disease. Apparently COVID-19 has managed to disrupt businesses all over the world causing world panic. In this paper, some global effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are identified and certain trends related to the same over the approximate time period of January 2020- March 2020 have been observed. The impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on the global Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the travel and tourism industry and high tech product shipments have been analyzed. The study would assist the industries to prepare better for the global crisis and would assist them in contemplating specific scenarios in case of an epidemic or pandemic in the future.

Response to Austriaco on Vaccine Passports

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Joseph Meaney ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
International Travel ◽  
World Health ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

This essay clarifies the author’s objections to COVID-19 vaccine credentials voiced in “The Ethics of COVID-19 Vaccine Passports.” The author’s objections centered on discriminatory practices based on vaccine status for domestic social and work activities, but he agrees with the World Health Organization that these credentials should not be required for international travel. In addition, there is a significant ethical different between currently available COVID-19 vaccines and the yellow fever vaccine because the former are produced or tested using abortion-derived cell lines. The yellow fever vaccine is much less ethically problematic. This situation could change with the approval of new COVID-19 vaccines without links to abortion-derived cell lines.

FC 134WATER SAVING COMPARISON AT DIFFERENT DIALYSATE FLOWS IN EXPANDED HEMODIALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Molano-Triviño ◽  
Jasmin Vesga ◽  
Gregorio Romero ◽  
Claudio Ronco
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Dialysate Flow ◽  
Middle Molecules ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Water Waste

Abstract Background and Aims Expanded hemodialysis (HDx) improves clearance of middle molecules as a target for uremia treatment. According to previously published results, high cut off filters have high enough clearance to allow diminishing of dialysate flow (Qd) without detrimental in HD adequacy outcomes with less water waste. According to World Health Organization (WHO), globally, almost 800 million people lack access to safe water and 2.5 billion lack access to optimal sanitation. Is our duty to search for ways to avoid water waste. Our aim is to describe the differences in water use between HDX patients receiving Qd 400 mL/min (Group 1) vs 500 ml/min (group 2) in HD patients from 10 renal clinics in Colombia as an alternative to reduce water waste in chronic HD as a strategy from Blue Planet Dialysis initiatives. Method We performed a Sub-analysis of CORHEX Study: We calculated water use at different Qd from our database: prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study of 992 adult patients undergoing chronic HD from 12 renal clinics in Colombia who were switched from high-flux HD to MCO therapy and observed for 12 months. All patients were prescribed with HDX three times a week for a minimum of 4 hours. We analysed patients with weight lower than 70 Kg at different Qd prescriptions to calculate water use at different Qd prescriptions and performed a prediction analysis, adjusting to Qd 400 mL/min, the whole potential population with weight lower than 70 Kg. Results 462 patients with weight lower than 70 Kg were analysed, 127 patients received Qd 400 mL/min. When diminishing Qd from 500 to 400 mL/min, 24 litres were saved per session per patient without detriment of middle molecule clearance. There were no differences in adequacy HD parameters between Qd prescriptions (Table 1 and 2). Conclusion HDX allows lowering of Qd to 400 mL/min without harm for patients and with remarkable savings of potable water: 24 Litres were saved in each session per patient that can be translated in almost 3500 Litres of water each year by patient which is enough for one year for 47 adults. (Based on the WHO minimum for basic health protection of at least 20 L per person/day) (2). We consider our results especially relevant since the World Health Organization estimates that within the next 5 years, over 50% of world population could reside in geographies lacking sufficient access to water. We hope that our results from the Blue Planet dialysis research group, alongside with Dr. Agar`s and Dr. Barraclough`s green nephrology initiatives, can help educate the nephrology community on the ecological impact of dialysis and can present an innovative solution to offer HD therapy even in countries suffering from limited access to potable water.

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