scholarly journals Characterization of Rice Husk and Coconut Shell Briquette as an Alternative Solid Fuel

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jamilu Tanko ◽  
Umaru Ahmadu ◽  
Umar Sadiq ◽  
Alhassan Muazu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
American Standard ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties

The physical properties of briquettes made from rice husk and coconut shell in different ratios were evaluated based on their thermo-physical properties. The calculated calorific values of the rice husk and coconuts hell are 16.51 MJ/kg and 18.60 MJ/kg, with densities of 1.50 g/cm3 and 3.00 g/cm3, respectively. Coconut shell has lower moisture and ash content of 10% and 26%, respectively, before briquetting. Comparisons of the experimental and calculated calorific values of the briquettes (17 to 21 MJ/kg) showed that they are in agreement with those of the American Standard of Testing Materials (ASTM) and those reported in the literature. The results further showed that the calorific values of the five briquette ratios were not a function of their moisture and ash contents, rather their total carbon contents. The briquette at the ratio 90:10 of rice husk to coconut shell has the highest calorific value and implies that it has more heating advantages and will therefore be suitable as an alternative solid fuel.

scholarly journals The Characterization of Oriza sativa Husk and Royal Ponciana pods Bricquettes

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Edi Widodo ◽  
Mohammad Dani Iswanto ◽  
Prantasi Harmi Thahjanti ◽  
Rachmat Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Thermal Measurement ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
A Value ◽  
Oriza Sativa

Rice mills produce abundant husk waste. The husks are used as a mixing material for bricks because they are flammable and have capability to form hot coals with high calor. This potential is used to develop the husks into briquettes. This study used rice husks (oriza sativa) and flamboyant pods (Royal ponciana) as the main ingredients for forming briquettes. This pods was chosen because had not optimally used. The composition of rice husk briquettes and flamboyant fruit skins made of 16.7%: 83.3%, 33.4%: 66.6%, 50%: 50%, 66.6%: 33.4%, 83.3 %: 16.7%. The briquettes formed were measured the calorific value, mass reduction using the TGA (Thermogravimetric analysis) thermal measurement method, and measured the values ​​of moisture, ash, volatile, and fixed carbon content. The results of the measurement of the lowest calorific value in rice husk briquettes were 83.3% with a value of 4,551 cal / gram, while the highest value was 5,945 cal / gram in rice husk briquettes percentage of 16.7%. The result of TGA measurement of the largest mass reduction was briquettes with a percentage of husk 83.3% having the highest mass reduction of 11.1 mg. The results of the measurement of water content obtained 7.04%, 24.70% volatile, 9.98% ash content, 58.28% fixed carbon

scholarly journals Effect of Formulation, Binder and Compaction Pressure of Rice Husk-Bagasse Briquettes on Thermal and Physical Properties

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Kerich K. Daniel ◽  
Zachary O. Siagi ◽  
Julius O. Ogola
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Aims: This study investigated the use of agro-wastes for the production of briquettes. It was carried out to investigate the effect of formulation, binder and compaction pressure of rice husk-Bagasse briquettes on thermal and physical properties. Study Design: The experimental design for this study was 6x5x2 Randomized Complete Block Design Place and Duration of the Study: Rice husks and bagasse were collected from Lake Basin Development Authority’s rice mill and Kibos sugar and Allied company respectively. The binders were sourced locally in Kisumu. The study was conducted between March 2019 and February 2020. The fabrication and laboratory analysis were carried out in the engineering and laboratory departments of Kenya Industrial Research and Development institute, Kisumu. Methodology: The experimental design for this study was 6x5x2 Randomized Complete Block Design. This study involved six formulations ratios (0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, 100:0), five compaction pressure levels (108kPa, 180kPa, 253kPa, 325kPa, 397kPa) and two binders (clay, cassava) They were arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design with three replications per experiment. Results: The briquettes bulk density was in the range of 849 to 1001 kg.m−3, while the calorific value ranged from 5.541 kcal/g for 100% Rice husk clay binder to 7.345 kcal/g 20% Rice Husk cassava binder. Briquettes with blend ratio of 40-60% Rice Husk took longer time to burn. Briquette formulations with clay binder had burning rates ranging from 0.28 g/min to 0.15 g/min while with cassava binder from 0.52 g/min to 0.37 g/min. The ignition time of the briquettes ranged from 62 sec to 95 sec with cassava binder and 110 sec to 191sec with clay binder. The shatter index ranged from 0.94 to 0.99 with cassava and 0.9 to 0.98 with clay binder. Conclusion: Higher compaction pressures and use of cassava binder produced stronger briquettes with higher calorific values. Briquettes with higher percentage of bagasse had low ignition time and low bulk densities. The bulk densities and ignition time showed significant rise with increase in the compaction pressure but inversely affected the burning rate. The binder used significantly affected both the thermal and physical properties of all the formulations.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Quality of Mixed Coconut Shell Waste Briquettes with Various Biomass Additives as Alternative Fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusraida Khairani Dalimunthe ◽  
Sugiatmo Kasmungin ◽  
Listiana Satiawati ◽  
Thariq Madani ◽  
Teuku Ananda Rizky
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
A Value ◽  
Shell Waste

The purpose of this study was to see the best quality of briquettes from the main ingredient of coconut shell waste<br />with various biomass additives to see the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, and volatile matter<br />content of the biomass mixture. Furthermore, further research will be carried out specifically to see the quality of<br />briquettes from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sawdust. The method used in this research is to conduct a<br />literature study of various literature related to briquettes from coconut shell waste mixed with various additives<br />specifically and then look at the best quality briquettes produced from these various pieces of literature. As for<br />what is determined as the control variable of this study is coconut shell waste and as an independent variable,<br />namely coffee skin waste, rice husks, water hyacinth, Bintaro fruit, segon wood sawdust, coconut husk, durian<br />skin, bamboo charcoal, areca nut skin, and leather waste. sago with a certain composition. Furthermore, this<br />paper also describes the stages of making briquettes from coconut shell waste and sawdust for further testing of<br />the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content on a laboratory scale for further<br />research. From various literatures, it was found that the highest calorific value was obtained from a mixture of<br />coconut shell waste and bamboo charcoal with a value of 7110.7288 cal / gr and the lowest calorific value was<br />obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and sago shell waste with a value of 114 cal / gr, then for the value<br />The highest water content was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and rice husk with a value of<br />37.70% and the lowest water content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste 3.80%, then for the<br />highest ash content value was obtained from a mixture of coconut shell waste and coffee skin with a value of<br />20.862% and for the lowest ash content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and Bintaro fruit waste,<br />namely 2%, and for the highest volatile matter content value obtained from a mixture of coconut shell and coconut<br />husk waste with a value of 33.45% and for the value of volatile matter levels The lowest was obtained from a<br />mixture of coconut shell waste and sago skin waste with a value of 33 , 45%.

scholarly journals Characterization of Refuse Derived Fuel Production from Municipal Solid Waste: The Case Studies in Latvia and Lithuania

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Dace Âriņa ◽  
Rūta Bendere ◽  
Gintaras Denafas ◽  
Jānis Kalnačs ◽  
Mait Kriipsalu
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThe authors determined the morphological composition of refuse derived fuel (RDF) produced in Latvia and Lithuania by manually sorting. The parameters of RDF (moisture, net calorific value, ash content, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulphur, chlorine, metals) was determined using the EN standards. Comparing obtained results with data from literature, authors have found that the content of plastic is higher but paper and cardboard is lower than typical values. Results also show that the mean parameters for RDF can be classified with the class codes: Net heating value (3); chlorine (3); mercury (1), and responds to limits stated for 3rd class of solid recovered fuel. It is recommended to separate biological waste at source to lower moisture and ash content and increase heating value for potential fuel production from waste.

scholarly journals Analysis of the efficiency of a solid fuel boiler depending on the choice of combusted fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Pełka ◽  
Wojciech Luboń ◽  
Przemysław Pachytel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
The Real ◽  
Residential Sector

In the municipal and residential sector in Poland, as many as 50% of households are heated by solid fuel boilers. Most often these are, unfortunately, inefficient boilers, fired with low-quality coal. This study characterizes the market of boilers for solid fuels in Poland, and also presents the main apportionment of these devices, due to the different criteria that characterize them. The current legal changes in the scope of energy and emission requirements for solid fuel boilers are also discussed. The main purpose of this work is to analyze the real efficiency of the solid fuel over-fired boiler used, depending on the fuel burned in it. The process of burning selected fuels (seasoned wood, coal and pea coal) in the boiler was preceded by tests of these fuels to determine their energy parameters, such as moisture, ash content, the share of volatile matter and calorific value. In the next step, the energy efficiency obtained by the tested solid fuel boiler during the combustion of selected solid fuels was compared. The highest efficiency was achieved during the combustion of pea coal, and the lowest was achieved during the combustion of wood. In any case, the nominal efficiency value was achieved. Solutions that could improve the quality of the combustion process in this type of boiler were proposed.

scholarly journals Feasibility study of coconut coir dust briquette

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
KK Saha ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MR Ali ◽  
MM Alam
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Coir Dust ◽  
Coconut Coir

This research work was conducted on economic feasibility of briquette made of coconut coir dust mixed with rice husk at different ratio. This study sought to assess the physical properties and calorific value of briquette and to establish the demand and willingness of potential users to substitute rice husk briquette and firewood. It was observed that briquette made from mixed coconut coir dust and rice husk at the ratio of 1:2 and 1:1 had desirable properties as compared to rice husk briquette. The percent of shatter indices, density, percent of resistance to water penetration, degree of densification and calorific value of briquette of mixing ratio 1:2 were found 99.75, 1.52gm/cc, 87.5, 11.35 and 4043 kcal/kg and of mixing ratio 1:1 were found 99.82, 1.48gm/cc, 87.5, 10.84 and 3657 kcal/kg, respectively. In case of rice husk briquette, the above values were 99.21, 1.40gm/cc, 75, 10.66 and 3537 kcal/kg, respectively. The production costs of mixing ratio 1:2 and 1: 1 were 3.27 Tk/kg and 3.10 Tk/kg, respectively which were lower than that of rice husk briquette. In partial budget, the substitution propositions among the selected briquettes indicated that coconut coir dust briquette of mixing ratio 1:1 appeared as the most impressive one.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 369-376, December 2014

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI SEKAM PADI TERHADAP PARAMETER FISIS BRIKET TEMPURUNG KELAPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Maria Lurumutin Umrisu ◽  
Redi K. Pingak ◽  
Albert Zicko Johannes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAK Briket bioarang merupakan salah satu bahan bakar yang berasal dari biomassa. Biomassa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tempurung kelapa dan sekam padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi komposisi sekam padi dan variasi perekat terhadap parameter fisis briket tempurung kelapa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, nilai porositas dan nilai kadar abu, secara berturut-turut berkisar antara (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). Analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, komposisi sekam padi berbanding terbalik dengan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air dan nilai kadar abu briket dan berbanding lurus dengan nilai porositas briket. Berdasarkan nilai densitas, nilai kadar air, dan nilai kadar abu briket, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini briket dengan komposisi 40% tempurung kelapa dan 60% sekam padi memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan komposisi lainnya. Kata Kunci : Briket, Tempurung kelapa, Sekam padi, Densitas, Kadar air, Porositas dan Kadar abu. ABSTRACT Bio-briquette is one of the fuels that comes from biomass. The biomass used in this research is coconut shell and rice husk. The aims of this research are to know the influence of variation of rice husk composition and thickness variation on physical parameters of shell briquettes. The results of this study indicate that the density, moisture value, porosity and ash values, respectively ranged between (0.69  - 1.12 ), (3,33% - 7,57%.), (16,66% - 31,88%.), (38,46% - 66,66%.). The analysis showed that in general, the composittion of rice husk is inversely proportional to density, moisture value and briquette ash value, otherwise the composition of rice husk is directly proportional briquette porosity value. Based on density value, mositure value and ash value it can be concluded that in this research the quality  of briquettes with composition 40% coconut shell and 60% rice husk is better than the other compositions. Keywords: Briquette, Coconut shell, Rice husk, Density, Water content, Porosity and Ash content.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pinus spp needles and evaluation of their potential use for energy

CERNE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciela Inés Bolzon de Muñiz ◽  
Elaine Cristina Lengowski ◽  
Silvana Nisgoski ◽  
Washington Luis Esteves de Magalhães ◽  
Valcineide Tanobe de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Gross Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
Potential Use

The demand for new energy sources is growing and awakening interest in the use of forest residues. Charcoal was prepared at carbonization temperatures of 500 ºC, 600 °C and 700 °C in order to evaluate the potential use of Pinus sp needles for energy. The anatomical and chemical characteristics of the needles and the charcoal produced were also evaluated. The needles were found to have ash content of 2.32% and gross calorific value of 20.30 MJ/kg. The calorific value increased by 45%, reaching 29.64 MJ/kg, after carbonization carried out at 600 ºC. This value is higher than that for charcoal made from eucalyptus (19.25 MJ/kg) and even coconut husks (23.55 MJ/kg), showing the high energy potential of these needles.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Miscanthus Fuel by Wet Torrefaction on Fuel Upgrading and Gas Emission Behavior

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2669
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyun Park ◽  
Young-Chan Choi ◽  
Young-Joo Lee ◽  
Hyung-Taek Kim
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Advanced Fuel ◽  
Fuel Upgrading ◽  
Emission Behavior

Biomass is a solid fuel that can be used instead of coal to address the issue of greenhouse gases. Currently, biomass is used directly in combustion or via co-combustion in coal-fired power plants. However, its use is limited due to calorific value and ash problems. In this study, wet torrefaction (WT) was carried out at various temperatures (160 °C, 180 °C, and 200 °C) and the properties of the product were evaluated. In comparison to dry torrefaction, the ash contained in biomass was extracted by an acidic solution (i.e., acetic acid) from the overreaction of the biomass. From examining the ash content of the treated WT, it was confirmed that K2O of basic ash was mainly extracted. In particular, in the case of K2O, since the main cause of combustion problems are issues such as fouling and slagging, the removed WT can be stably combusted in the boiler. Finally, the combustion and emission behaviors were evaluated by TGA-DTG and TGA-FTIR. As the fuel-N was decreased in the WT proess, the NOx in the emission gas after combustion was lower than that of raw miscanthus, and SO2 showed a similar value. As a result, it was confirmed that the WT sample is an advanced fuel in terms of fuel upgrading, alkali minerals, and NOx emission compared to raw miscanthus.

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